Ahava vesin’a (1998)

Shimon Cohen Ahava vesin’a (1998) text by Heinrich Heine, Poem 47 of Lyrisches Intermezzo (Buch der Lieder

Distinguishing between True and False Stories using various Linguistic Features

This paper analyzes what linguistic features differentiate true and false stories written in Hebrew. To do so, we have defined four feature sets containing 145 features: POS-tags, quantitative, repetition, and special expressions. The examined corpus contains stories that were composed by 48 native Hebrew speakers who were asked to tell both false and true stories. Classification experiments on all possible combinations of these four feature sets using five supervised machine learning methods have been applied. The Part of Speech (POS) set was superior to all others and has been found as a key component. The best accuracy result (89.6%) has been achieved by a combination of sixteen POS-tags and one quantitative feature.

Formation of Alkanes by Aerobic Carbon–Carbon Bond Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by a Phosphovanadomolybdic Acid

The valorization of alkanes is possible via carbon–carbon coupling reactions. A series of dialkyl cobalt complexes [(RCH_2)_2Co^(III)(bpy)_2]ClO_4 (R = H, Me, Et, and Ph) were reacted with the H_5PV_2Mo_(10)O_(40) polyoxometalate as a catalyst, leading to a selective oxidative carbon–carbon bond coupling reaction. The reaction is initiated by electron transfer from [(RCH_2)_2Co^(III)(bpy)_2]^+ to H_5PV^V_2Mo_(10)O_(40) to yield an intermediate [(RCH_2)_2Co^(IV)(bpy)_2]^(2+)–H_5PV^(IV)V^VMo_(10)O_(40), as identified by a combination of EPR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments. The reaction is catalytic with O_2 as terminal oxidant representing an aerobic C–C bond coupling reaction

Qubit Coherent Control with Squeezed Light Fields

We study the use of squeezed light for qubit coherent control and compare it with the coherent state control field case. We calculate the entanglement between a short pulse of resonant squeezed light and a two-level atom in free space and the resulting operation error. We find that the squeezing phase, the phase of the light field and the atomic superposition phase, all determine whether atom-pulse mode entanglement and the gate error are enhanced or suppressed. However, when averaged over all possible qubit initial states, the gate error would not decrease by a practicably useful amount and would in fact increase in most cases. We discuss the possibility of measuring the increased gate error as a signature of the enhancement of entanglement by squeezing.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Deciphering the Arginine-Binding Preferences at the Substrate-Binding Groove of Ser/Thr Kinases by Computational Surface Mapping

Protein kinases are key signaling enzymes that catalyze the transfer of γ-phosphate from an ATP molecule to a phospho-accepting residue in the substrate. Unraveling the molecular features that govern the preference of kinases for particular residues flanking the phosphoacceptor is important for understanding kinase specificities toward their substrates and for designing substrate-like peptidic inhibitors. We applied ANCHORSmap, a new fragment-based computational approach for mapping amino acid side chains on protein surfaces, to predict and characterize the preference of kinases toward Arginine binding. We focus on positions P−2 and P−5, commonly occupied by Arginine (Arg) in substrates of basophilic Ser/Thr kinases. The method accurately identified all the P−2/P−5 Arg binding sites previously determined by X-ray crystallography and produced Arg preferences that corresponded to those experimentally found by peptide arrays. The predicted Arg-binding positions and their associated pockets were analyzed in terms of shape, physicochemical properties, amino acid composition, and in-silico mutagenesis, providing structural rationalization for previously unexplained trends in kinase preferences toward Arg moieties. This methodology sheds light on several kinases that were described in the literature as having non-trivial preferences for Arg, and provides some surprising departures from the prevailing views regarding residues that determine kinase specificity toward Arg. In particular, we found that the preference for a P−5 Arg is not necessarily governed by the 170/230 acidic pair, as was previously assumed, but by several different pairs of acidic residues, selected from positions 133, 169, and 230 (PKA numbering). The acidic residue at position 230 serves as a pivotal element in recognizing Arg from both the P−2 and P−5 positions

3 years of liraglutide versus placebo for type 2 diabetes risk reduction and weight management in individuals with prediabetes: a randomised, double-blind trial

Background Liraglutide 3\ub70 mg was shown to reduce bodyweight and improve glucose metabolism after the 56-week period of this trial, one of four trials in the SCALE programme. In the 3-year assessment of the SCALE Obesity and Prediabetes trial we aimed to evaluate the proportion of individuals with prediabetes who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adults with prediabetes and a body-mass index of at least 30 kg/m2, or at least 27 kg/m2 with comorbidities, were randomised 2:1, using a telephone or web-based system, to once-daily subcutaneous liraglutide 3\ub70 mg or matched placebo, as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. Time to diabetes onset by 160 weeks was the primary outcome, evaluated in all randomised treated individuals with at least one post-baseline assessment. The trial was conducted at 191 clinical research sites in 27 countries and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01272219. Findings The study ran between June 1, 2011, and March 2, 2015. We randomly assigned 2254 patients to receive liraglutide (n=1505) or placebo (n=749). 1128 (50%) participants completed the study up to week 160, after withdrawal of 714 (47%) participants in the liraglutide group and 412 (55%) participants in the placebo group. By week 160, 26 (2%) of 1472 individuals in the liraglutide group versus 46 (6%) of 738 in the placebo group were diagnosed with diabetes while on treatment. The mean time from randomisation to diagnosis was 99 (SD 47) weeks for the 26 individuals in the liraglutide group versus 87 (47) weeks for the 46 individuals in the placebo group. Taking the different diagnosis frequencies between the treatment groups into account, the time to onset of diabetes over 160 weeks among all randomised individuals was 2\ub77 times longer with liraglutide than with placebo (95% CI 1\ub79 to 3\ub79, p<0\ub70001), corresponding with a hazard ratio of 0\ub721 (95% CI 0\ub713\u20130\ub734). Liraglutide induced greater weight loss than placebo at week 160 (\u20136\ub71 [SD 7\ub73] vs 121\ub79% [6\ub73]; estimated treatment difference 124\ub73%, 95% CI 124\ub79 to 123\ub77, p<0\ub70001). Serious adverse events were reported by 227 (15%) of 1501 randomised treated individuals in the liraglutide group versus 96 (13%) of 747 individuals in the placebo group. Interpretation In this trial, we provide results for 3 years of treatment, with the limitation that withdrawn individuals were not followed up after discontinuation. Liraglutide 3\ub70 mg might provide health benefits in terms of reduced risk of diabetes in individuals with obesity and prediabetes. Funding Novo Nordisk, Denmark