顔の知覚における iconic memory の情報処理プロセスの検討

The speed of transmitting information on facial parts from iconic memory to visual short-term memory(VSTM) was investigated.Participants responded whether a `target` facial stimulus that was masked after variable Inter Stimulus Intervals(ISI: 10-500 ms.) and a `test` facial stimulus shown after the masked stimulus,were same or different.Effects of the ISI and the type of facial parts that changed between the target and the test stimulus on the rate of correct responses in identical decision tasks was assessed. The results indicated that facial information related to the face line and the eyes were forwarded from iconic memory to VSTM as early as 10 ms after the presentation of the facial stimulus, as indicated by high correct responses to changes in these facial parts, even under the shortest ISI condition. Correct responses to changes in other parts, such as the eyebrows, the nose, and the mouth, were either on or below chance level for all ISI conditions. These findings suggest that information on these parts might not be transmitted to VSTM even after 500 ms of the presentation of a facial stimulus

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

Record body size of the beach conger Conger japonicus (Anguilliformes: Congridae) in the East China Sea

A record body size, length of 1520 mm and weight of 12,600 g for the beach conger, Conger japonicus was recorded, which is approximately 120 mm and 2600 g larger than the previous international record. The specimen was female and obtained during an otter trawl survey on 4 April 2013 in the East China Sea (31°52.16′N 127°42.94′E) at a depth of approximately 140 m on the slope of the continental shelf. Morphometric measurements and meristic counts are reported in this paper. We also report profiles of water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a taken immediately prior to the trawl, and species composition of concurrent catch with the otter trawling as environmental and biological characteristics of the habitat

Length-weight relationships of 22 fish species from the East China Sea

Estimated length-weight relationships are presented for 22 commercially important marine fish species representing nine families, found in the East China Sea. A total of 2776 specimens were caught by otter trawl on the continental shelf in the East China Sea between 2009 and 2013. Information pertaining to length-weight relationships should lead to a better understanding of fish communities in the East China Sea

A Red Light-Driven CO-releasing Complex: Photochemical and Photophysical Properties of Highly-Distorted Tricarbonyl Rhenium Phthalocyanines

A complex comprising one [Re(CO)3] + unit and a phthalocyanine (Pc) ligand (Re1Pc) is shown to function as a photoinduced CO-releasing molecule (photoCORM) in the presence of O2 and a coordinative solvent under irradiation with red light, which can deeply penetrate living tissues. Transient absorption spectroscopic measurements indicate very short excited-state lifetimes and ultrafast intersystem crossing for Re1Pc and Re2Pc, which contains two [Re(CO)3] + units. The excited-state properties are ascribed to efficient spin-orbit coupling and large Franck-Condon factors originating from the complexes' distorted structures, i.e., unsymmetric coordination of [Re(CO)3] + unit(s), one of which was confirmed via single-crystal Xray analysis of a symmetrically-substituted Pc with two [Re(CO)3] + units. Re1Pc represents a promising red light-driven photoCORM that can be applied in biological environments or therapeutic applications

Continuous behavioral observation reveals the function of drifting seaweeds for Seriola spp. juveniles

ABSTRACT: A large number of fish species are associated with drifting seaweeds; however, the ecological significance of such seaweeds for fishes remains unclear. Here, we developed a raft equipped with a seaweed clump, interval still/video cameras, and a GPS satellite buoy. This novel monitoring system was used to monitor the schooling and associative behavior of Seriola spp. juveniles with seaweed for up to 1 wk in the East China Sea. We observed diel behavioral patterns of the fish, which swam around the seaweeds during the day and remained ‘attached’ to the seaweed or to conspecifics at night. This nighttime behavioral pattern suggests that the fish may use drifting seaweed to maintain schools at night when vision is less effective. Solitary individuals and those in smaller schools tended to remain close to the seaweed, whereas fish in larger schools were observed swimming actively around the seaweed. Additionally, some of the solitary fish and small schools escaped into the seaweed when potential predators appeared. As the school size of the fish increased over time, solitary individuals and small schools may have used drifting seaweeds as a shelter from predators until the fish could gather to form larger schools. We suggest that drifting seaweeds have multiple ecological functions for Seriola spp. and other seaweed-associated fishes, and the knowledge of these functions will be useful in designing conservation and management measures for the associated fishes