Development of broiler integration in Peru

Production and consumption of broiler meat has expanded rapidly in Peru since the 1990s. This rapid expansion was possible due to technological changes in production as well as integration of various stages of production, such as breeding farms, hatcheries, feed mills and grow-out farms by so-called broiler integrators. However, there are some distinguishing characteristics in Peruvian broiler integration that differ from those in developed countries. One is the truncated scope of integration, in which the slaughtering and processing stages are not integrated. The other is that not slaughtering and processing companies, but grow-out farms have become the principal broiler integrators. This paper analyzes the factors associated with these characteristics.Peru, Poultry, Broiler, Integration, Contract

Structural Changes in Asparagus Production and Exports from Peru

Asparagus is the star product among non-traditional agricultural exports(NTAXs) in Peru. The export of preserved asparagus has expanded since the end ofthe 1980s. Although there was some stagnation in the mid-1990s, exports of freshasparagus have expanded rapidly since the end of the 1990s. Now, the export ofboth preserved and fresh asparagus constitute the second most important agriculturalexport in Peru after coffee.Besides the change in demand on the international market, the importantfactor behind the shift from preserved to fresh asparagus is the change in the supplystructure of asparagus. In the case of preserved asparagus, Peruvian exportsexpanded because of Peru’s competitiveness, which originated from favorableproduction factors, such as climate, soil and labor. However, because of thegrowing presence of Chinese products on the international market, Peru’s productslost their competitiveness. In the case of fresh asparagus, the investment ofagricultural corporations in production and their innovation in integrating differenteconomic processes from the point of production to the time of export built asuccessful supply structure that is suited for the export of fresh agricultural produce

Family Business in Peru: Survival and Expansion under the Liberalization

It is argued that joint stock companies would be transformed from family firms to managerial firms with their development in size and scope. Such managerial firms would have many small shareholders; hence the ownership and management of the firm would be separated. However, in many developing countries including Peru, family businesses, in which families control both ownership and management, still play an important role in the national economy. After the liberalization of economy, which started in Peru in the 1990s, the national market has become more competitive due to the increase in participation of foreign capitals. To secure competitiveness, it is indispensable for family businesses to obtain management resources such as financial, human and technological resources from outside of the families. In order to do so without losing the control over ownership and management, Peruvian family businesses have incorporated companies with distinct characteristics to the extent that they can secure the control over ownership and management inside of their group. While keeping exclusive control of companies in traditional sectors, they actively seek alliance with other families and foreign capitals in competitive sectors. The management of companies with different degrees of control allows them to survive in today\u27s rapidly changing business environment

Development of broiler integration in Peru

Production and consumption of broiler meat has expanded rapidly in Peru since the 1990s. This rapid expansion was possible due to technological changes in production as well as integration of various stages of production, such as breeding farms, hatcheries, feed mills and grow-out farms by so-called broiler integrators. However, there are some distinguishing characteristics in Peruvian broiler integration that differ from those in developed countries. One is the truncated scope of integration, in which the slaughtering and processing stages are not integrated. The other is that not slaughtering and processing companies, but grow-out farms have become the principal broiler integrators. This paper analyzes the factors associated with these characteristics