938 research outputs found
Kadanoff-Baym approach to the thermal resonant leptogenesis
Using the non-equilibrium Green function method (Kadanoff-Baym equations) in
the expanding universe, we investigate evolution of the lepton number asymmetry
when the right-handed (RH) neutrinos have almost degenerate masses
. The resonantly enhanced -violating parameter
associated with the decay of the RH neutrino is obtained.
It is proportional to an enhancement factor with the regulator . The result is consistent with the previous result obtained by Garny
et al., in a constant background with an out-of-equilibrium initial state. We
discuss the origin of such a regulator, and why it is not like .Comment: 51 pages + appendices (46 pages), 5 figures; typos corrected,
references adde
Neck Dissection for Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Subtotal esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection is a standard procedure for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Three-field lymphadenectomy, including neck dissection, is a standard type of lymph node dissection for complete clearance of tumor cells. Based on various series of analyses for lymph node metastases, the appropriate indication for neck dissection has been clarified. Herein, we describe the established techniques of neck dissection and review recent topics of three-field lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Entanglement Generation and Decoherence in a Two-Qubit System Mediated by Relativistic Quantum Field
Motivated by the Bose et al.-Matletto-Vedral (BMV) proposal for detecting
quantum superposition of spacetime geometries, we study a toy model of a
quantum entanglement generation between two spins (qubits) mediated by a
relativistic free scalar field. After time evolution, spin correlation is
generated through the interactions with the field. Because of the associated
particle creation into an open system, the quantum state of spins is partially
decohered. In this paper, we give a comprehensive study of the model based on
the closed-time path formalism, focussing on relativistic causality and quantum
mechanical complementarity. We calculate various quantities such as spin
correlations, entanglement entropies, mutual information and negativity, and
study their behaviors in various limiting situations. In particular, we
calculate the mutual information of the two spins and compare it with spin
correlation functions. We also discuss why no quantum entanglement can be
generated unless both spins are causally affected by one another while spin
correlations are generated.Comment: 45 pages, 19 figure
Traumatic renal artery occlusion associated with a grade III hepatic injury in an 11-year-old boy: A case report
AbstractBlunt trauma represents a major cause of death in children. Multi-trauma is defined as life-threatening injury of two or more body regions and remains a challenge for diagnosis and therapy. Here, we present a case of an 11-year-old boy with a traumatic renal artery occlusion associated with a hepatic injury, which was treated with conservative non-operative treatment. Prompt diagnosis and conservative treatment of a traumatic renal artery occlusion in a pediatric patient may lead to a successful outcome, avoiding unnecessary laparotomy
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