THE PECULIARITY OF THE PROPAGATION OF LIGHT BULLETS IN AN ANISOTROPIC PHOTONIC CRYSTAL DURING TUNNEL IONIZATION

This paper presents the results of numerical simulation of three-dimensional light bullets that propagate in the medium of an array of semiconductor carbon nanotubes, which has a spatially modulated refractive index, taking into account the external pumping field and tunnel ionization

Quantum oscillations in the linear chain of coupled orbits: the organic metal with two cation layers theta-(ET)(4)CoBr(4)(C(6)H(4)Cl(2))

Analytical formulae for de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations in linear chain of coupled two-dimensional (2D) orbits (Pippard's model) are derived systematically taking into account the chemical potential oscillations in magnetic field. Although corrective terms are observed, basic (alpha) and magnetic breakdown-induced (beta and 2beta - alpha) orbits can be accounted for by the Lifshits-Kosevich (LK) and Falicov-Stachowiak semiclassical models in the explored field and temperature ranges. In contrast, the 'forbidden orbit' beta - alpha amplitude is described by a non-LK equation involving a product of two classical orbit amplitudes. Furthermore, strongly non-monotonic field and temperature dependence may be observed for the second harmonics of basic frequencies such as 2alpha and the magnetic breakdown orbit beta + alpha, depending on the value of the spin damping factors. These features are in agreement with the dHvA oscillation spectra of the strongly 2D organic metal theta- theta-(ET)(4)CoBr(4)(C(6)H(4)Cl(2)).Comment: to be published in Europhysics Letters (2012

Relative luminosity measurement of the LHC with the ATLAS forward calorimeter

In this paper it is shown that a measurement of the relative luminosity changes at the LHC may be obtained by analysing the currents drawn from the high voltage power supplies of the electromagnetic section of the forward calorimeter of the ATLAS detector. The method was verified with a reproduction of a small section of the ATLAS forward calorimeter using proton beams of known beam energies and variable intensities at the U-70 accelerator at IHEP in Protvino, Russia. The experimental setup and the data taking during a test beam run in April 2008 are described in detail. A comparison of the measured high voltage currents with reference measurements from beam intensity monitors shows a linear dependence on the beam intensity. The non-linearities are measured to be less than 0.5 % combining statistical and systematic uncertainties.Comment: 16 page

Spectacular enhancement of the thermal and photochemical stability of mapbi3 perovskite films using functionalized tetraazaadamantane as a molecular modifier

Perovskite solar cells represent a highly promising third-generation photovoltaic tech-nology. However, their practical implementation is hindered by low device operational stability, mostly related to facile degradation of the absorber materials under exposure to light and elevated temperatures. Improving the intrinsic stability of complex lead halides is a big scientific challenge, which might be addressed using various “molecular modifiers”. These modifiers are usually rep-resented by some additives undergoing strong interactions with the perovskite absorber material, resulting in enhanced solar cell efficiency and/or operational stability. Herein, we present a deriva-tive of 1,4,6,10-tetraazaadamantane, NAdCl, as a promising molecular modifier for lead halide perovskites. NAdCl spectacularly improved both the thermal and photochemical stability of methy-lammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3 ) films and, most importantly, prevented the formation of metallic lead Pb0 as a photolysis product. NAdCl improves the electronic quality of perovskite films by healing the traps for charge carriers. Furthermore, it strongly interacts with the perovskite framework and most likely stabilizes undercoordinated Pb2+ ions, which are responsible for Pb0 formation under light exposure. The obtained results feature 1,4,6,10-tetraazaadamantane derivatives as highly promising molecular modifiers that might help to improve the operational lifetime of perovskite solar cells and facilitate the practical implementation of this photovoltaic technology. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-73-30020). The XPS measurements were supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project FEUZ-2020-0060), Theme ‘Electron’, no. AAAA-A18-118020190098-5 and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 21-52-52002)

Identification of Novel Molecular Targets for Endometrial Cancer Using a Drill-Down LC-MS/MS Approach with iTRAQ

BACKGROUND: The number of patients with endometrial carcinoma (EmCa) with advanced stage or high histological grade is increasing and prognosis has not improved for over the last decade. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel molecular targets for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of EmCa, which will have the potential to improve the clinical strategy and outcome of this disease. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS: We used a "drill-down" proteomics approach to facilitate the identification of novel molecular targets for diagnosis, prognosis and/or therapeutic intervention for EmCa. Based on peptide ions identified and their retention times in the first LC-MS/MS analysis, an exclusion list was generated for subsequent iterations. A total of 1529 proteins have been identified below the Proteinpilot® 5% error threshold from the seven sets of iTRAQ experiments performed. On average, the second iteration added 78% new peptides to those identified after the first run, while the third iteration added 36% additional peptides. Of the 1529 proteins identified, only 40 satisfied our criteria for significant differential expression in EmCa in comparison to normal proliferative tissues. These proteins included metabolic enzymes (pyruvate kinase M2 and lactate dehydrogenase A); calcium binding proteins (S100A6, calcyphosine and calumenin), and proteins involved in regulating inflammation, proliferation and invasion (annexin A1, interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3, alpha-1-antitrypsin, macrophage capping protein and cathepsin B). Network analyses revealed regulation of these molecular targets by c-myc, Her2/neu and TNF alpha, suggesting intervention with these pathways may be a promising strategy for the development of novel molecular targeted therapies for EmCa. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses revealed the significance of drill-down proteomics approach in combination with iTRAQ to overcome some of the limitations of current proteomics strategies. This study led to the identification of a number of novel molecular targets having therapeutic potential for targeted molecular therapies for endometrial carcinoma

Результаты многоцентрового исследования: эффективность и безопасность препарата инозина глицил-цистеинилглутамат динатрия в терапии острых отравлений этанолом

Abstract The article presents results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of inosine glycylcysteinyl-glutamate disodium (Molixan®) in the treatment of acute severe ethanol poisoning.The aim of the study To evaluate the efficacy and safety of inosine glycyl-cysteinyl-glutamate disodium in a new dosage regimen in the treatment of severe ethanol poisoning.Material and Methods The material of the study is the data of 133 patients with severe ethanol poisoning. Inclusion criteria: age from 18 to 60 years, 1–2 coma stage (Glasgow-Pittsburgh coma scale of 14–27), ethanol in the blood of more than 2.5%. The patients were randomized into 2 groups: the Study Drug group (SD group) — 67 patients who, in addition to the standard therapy, were injected with the study drug - inosine glycyl-cysteinyl-glutamate disodium in a dose of 3.0 mg/kg; and the Placebo group — 66 patients who, in addition to the standard therapy, were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution in a dose of 3.0 mg/kg. Comparative intergroup and intragroup analyses were carried out according to the main clinical, laboratory parameters and EEG monitoring data.Results The study showed a positive effect of the study drug — a reduction in the coma period was noted (from 137 (75; 180) minutes to 78 (50; 155) minutes (p<0.001)), higher values of the Glasgow-Pittsburgh scale were recorded after 3 and 6 hours from the start of the therapy (p<0.01), a reduction in the time of formation of EEG awakening patterns in patients with delta coma activity from 192.2 (161.9; 222.5) minutes to 112.5 (97.6; 127.6) minutes (p<0.001), a decrease in heart rate (p<0.02), a decrease in the number of complaints of weakness and dizziness (p<0.005), in patients with high ALT levels, the frequency of development and severity of tremor decreased (p<0.01). The hepatoprotective effect of the drug was revealed, it was manifested by a decrease in ALT (p<0.001), AST (p<0.001) and direct bilirubin (p<0.03); the effect of the drug on metabolic processes — a decrease in lactate (p<0.02), an increase in BE-ECF (p<0.01), glucose (p<0.01) 3 hours after drug administration, an increase in potassium after 24 hours (p<0.03). The analysis of safety data did not reveal statistically significant differences between the treatment groups, no serious adverse events were recorded.Conclusion The study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of inosine glycyl-cysteinyl-glutamate disodium (Molixan®) in the treatment of severe ethanol poisoning in a single dose of 3.0 mg/kg administered intravenouslyРезюме В статье представлены результаты многоцентрового, рандомизированного, двойного слепого, плацебо-контролируемого клинического исследования эффективности и безопасности препарата инозина глицил-цистеинил-глутамат динатрия (Моликсан®) в терапии острых тяжелых отравлений этанолом.Цель исследования Оценка эффективности и безопасности применения препарата инозина глицил-цистеинил-глутамат динатрия в новом режиме дозировании в терапии тяжелых отравлений этанолом.Материал и методы Материал исследования — данные 133 пациентов с тяжелым отравлением этанолом. Критерии включения: возраст от 18 до 60 лет, кома 1–2-й ст. (14–27 баллов по шкале комы Глазго–Питтсбург — ШКГП), содержание этанола в крови более 2,5‰. Пациенты рандомизированы на две группы: группа «Исследуемый препарат» (группа «ИП») — 67 пациентов, которым дополнительно к стандартной терапии вводили исследуемый препарат — инозина глицил-цистеинил-глутамат динатрия в дозе 3,0 мг/кг; группа «Плацебо» — 66 пациентов, которым дополнительно к стандартной терапии вводили 0,9% раствор натрия хлорида в дозе 3,0 мг/кг. Сравнительный межгрупповой и внутригрупповой анализ проводили по основным клиническим, лабораторным показателям и данным электроэнцефалографического (ЭЭГ-) мониторинга.Результаты Исследование показало положительное влияние исследуемого препарата — отмечено статистически значимое сокращение периода комы с 137 (75;180) до 78 (50;155) минут (р<0,001), зафиксированы статистически значимые более высокие значения ШКГП через 3 и 6 часов от начала терапии (р<0,01), сокращение времени формирования ЭЭГ-паттернов пробуждения у пациентов с «дельта-комой» с 192,2 (161,9; 222,5) до 112,5 (97,6; 127,6) минут (p<0,001); снижение частоты сердечных сокращений (р<0,02), снижение количества жалоб на слабость и головокружение (р<0,005), у пациентов с высоким уровнем в крови аланинаминотрансферазы (АлТ) снизилась частота развития и выраженность тремора (р<0,01). Выявлено статистически значимое гепатопротекторное действие препарата, которое проявилось снижением уровня АлТ (р<0,001), аспартатаминотрансферазы (р<0,001) и прямого билирубина (р<0,03); влиянием препарата на метаболические процессы — снижение уровня в крови лактата (р<0,02), повышение BE-ECF (р<0,01), уровня в крови глюкозы (р<0,01) через 3 часа после введения препарата и калия через 24 часа (р<0,03). Анализ данных безопасности не выявил статистически значимых различий между группами лечения, серьезных нежелательных явлений не зафиксировано.Заключение Исследование показало эффективность и безопасность применения препарата инозина глицил-цистеинил-глутамат динатрия (Моликсан®) при тяжелых отравлениях этанолом в дозировке 3,0 мг/кг внутривенно, однократно