カンサイボウ ガン ニ オケル シュヨウケイ ト PIVKA-II ノ カイセキガクテキ ケントウ

Protein induced by vitamin K absence orantagonist II (PIVKA-II)は肝細胞癌(HCC)の腫瘍マーカーとして有名であり,この診断有用性は確認されている。腫瘍マーカーの血清濃度は腫瘍サイズの増加とともに一般に増加し,病態に応じてHCCのほとんどは血清PIVKA-IIの増加と関係している。資料は,HCCと診断された患者の腫瘍サイズと血清PIVKA-IIの測定値の時系列データである。治療時間間隔すなわち病態安定期における腫瘍の発育と腫瘍マーカーの増加に対し,飽和状態を持つ運動方程式の変動としてのモデルの解析を試みた。指数方程式とロジスティック方程式は,内因性腫瘍の発育とその反応曲線の時間的変動を記述する最も一般的な生長カイネティクスモデルであり,血清PIVKA-IIのデータ或いは腫瘍サイズのデータの時系列的プロットに指数方程式の時系列変動とロジスティック方程式の時系列変動をプロットし,その適合度を判定した。結果は,肝細胞癌の増殖システムの仮定のもとで記述されたモデルが定性的に成り立つ時間範囲において,モデルの有用性が示唆された。Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) is well known as tumor marker of hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC), and its diagnostic usefulness has been confirmed. Serum levels of tumor markers generally increase along with the increase of tumor size, and most HCCs at some stages are associated with the increase of PIVKA-II in the serum. A document is time series data of measured value of tumor size and serum PIVKA-II level of the patient that HCC was found. The various attempted to model tumor growth and tumor marker increase during the treatment time interval as well as during its unperturbed state have been variations of density-limited kinetic equations. The exponential and logistic equations were popular models currently being employed to describe growth kinetics giving the time behavior of intrinsic tumor growth and its dose-response curve. All that had to be done was the plotting of the fitted exponential or logistic on the plot containing the time and serum PIVKA-II level data or tumor size data. The results emphasized the remarkable predictive ability of the model during an extended period of time in which the modest assumptions of the models were at least approximately true

Simple Process for Sidewall Modification of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Polymer Side Chain Radicals Generated by Ultraviolet-Induced C–Cl Bond Dissociation of Polystyrene Derivatives

In this work, we investigated a simple one-step process for the formation of chemical bonds between multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and benzyl-type side chain radicals generated by UV photolysis of polystyrene derivatives containing the chloromethyl (–CH2Cl) group. Poly(4-chloromethyl)styrene, or styrene/4-(chloromethyl)styrene random copolymer, was mixed with MWCNTs in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light. Films of polymer/MWCNT mixtures before and after UV irradiation were fabricated, and then examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. According to the XPS analysis, the amount of Cl atoms in the mixture was found to decrease upon UV irradiation, indicating that the Cl atoms generated by photolysis of chloromethyl groups escaped from the reaction system in the form of gaseous Cl2. The structural change of CNTs after UV irradiation was also observed by comparing the G/D ratios (the intensity ratio of the G to D bands) of the Raman spectra obtained before and after UV irradiation. Similar phenomena were also confirmed in the case of the polymer/MWCNT mixture containing hydroxylammonium chloride as a dispersant of MWCNTs. These results confirmed the UV-induced covalent bond formation between polymer side chains and MWCNTs

Development Plan Diabetes Centre

This project is an ooutgrowth of the cooperation between the directory general of the Higher Education (DGHE) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), implemented by Airlangga University School of Medicine – Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, in collaboration with other Institution ini Indonesia as well as in Japa

Impact of obesity on surgical outcome after single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Introduction: Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is widely used as a treatment option for gallbladder disease. However, obesity has been considered a relative contraindication to this approach due to more advanced technical difficulties. The aim of this report was to review our experience with SILC to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the surgical outcome. Patients and Methods: Between May 2009 and February 2013, 237 patients underwent SILC at our institute. Pre- and post-operative data of the 17 obese patients (O-group) (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and 220 non-obese patients (NO-group) (BMI <29.9 kg/m2) were compared retrospectively. SILC was performed under general anaesthesia, using glove technique. Indications for surgery included benign gallbladder disease, except for emergent surgeries. Results: Mean age of patients was significantly higher in the NO-group than O-group (58.9 ± 13.5 years vs. 50.8 ± 14.0 years, P = 0.025). SILC was successfully completed in 233 patients (98.3%). Four patients (1.7%) in the NO-group required an additional port, and one patient was converted to an open procedure. The median operative time was 70 ± 25 min in the NO-group and 75.2 ± 18.3 min in the O-group. All complications were minor, except for one case in the NO-group that suffered with leakage of the cystic duct stump, for which endoscopic nasobiliary drainage was need. Conclusion: Our findings show that obesity, intended as a BMI ≥30 kg/m2, does not have an adverse impact on the technical difficulty and post-operative outcomes of SILC. Obesity-related comorbidities did not increase the risks for SILC

Respiratory Arrest in an Obese Pregnant Woman with Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A pregnant, non-Japanese-speaking Peruvian, and, thus, with communication difficulty, suffered hyperemesis gravidarum and had respiratory arrest, requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The obese pregnant woman (prepregnancy weight: 107 kg) had vomited and lost 15 kg in bodyweight over appropriately 2 weeks prior to the arrest but had not complained due to communication difficulty, which, together with her obesity, prevented a Japanese obstetrician from noticing her severe condition. 1,000 mL of low potassium fluid plus thiamine was administered. She became unable to stand, suggesting lower-extremity-proximal-muscle weakness, and then respiratory arrest occurred. Hypopotassemia (2.3 mEq/L), pulseless electrical activity, and muscle weakness suggested the presence of severe potassium deficiency, which may have caused respiratory muscle paralysis, leading to the respiratory arrest. Hypercapnea was severer than expected for compensatory hypoventilation, indicating the presence of concomitant severe hypoventilation, which may also have contributed to respiratory arrest. She recovered with electrolyte and volume replacement. Respiratory arrest can occur with hyperemesis gravidarum, and obesity and communication difficulties can prevent the early detection of severe conditions