Study on flow unit division and production dynamics of tight sandstone reservoir in Huaqing oilfield

758-764In this paper, the Chang 6 ultra-low permeability reservoirs in Huaqjing area of Ordos Basin are studied. The reservoir is divided into four types of flow units by using Q-type multi-parameter clustering analysis and SPSS statistical analysis software. The characteristics of reservoir physical properties, sedimentary characteristics, capillary pressure curve and production dynamics were analyzed. The rationality of the results were verified from the static and dynamic points of view. Results show that I type flow unit has good reservoir properties and development effect is fast. The main development target is to maintain long-term stability. The distribution areas of II and III types are large, and cover the main production layer of oil field development and the remaining oil enrichment area. The reservoir properties of the IV type flow unit are worst, and the development is difficult. Efficient development of such reservoirs through the scientific division of the flow unit is important and of practical significance

RADE: Reference-Assisted Dialogue Evaluation for Open-Domain Dialogue

Evaluating open-domain dialogue systems is challenging for reasons such as the one-to-many problem, i.e., many appropriate responses other than just the golden response. As of now, automatic evaluation methods need better consistency with humans, while reliable human evaluation can be time- and cost-intensive. To this end, we propose the Reference-Assisted Dialogue Evaluation (RADE) approach under the multi-task learning framework, which leverages the pre-created utterance as reference other than the gold response to relief the one-to-many problem. Specifically, RADE explicitly compares reference and the candidate response to predict their overall scores. Moreover, an auxiliary response generation task enhances prediction via a shared encoder. To support RADE, we extend three datasets with additional rated responses other than just a golden response by human annotation. Experiments on our three datasets and two existing benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, where Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlations with human evaluation outperform state-of-the-art baselines.Comment: 19 pages, Accepted by ACL2023 main conferenc

Dirac-boson stars

In this paper, we construct \textit{Dirac-boson stars} (DBSs) model composed of a scalar field and two Dirac fields. The scalar field and both Dirac fields are in the ground state. We consider the solution families of the DBSs for the synchronized frequency $\tilde{\omega}$ and the nonsynchronized frequency $\tilde{\omega}_D$ cases, respectively. We find several different solutions when the Dirac mass $\tilde{\mu}_D$ and scalar field frequency $\tilde{\omega}_S$ are taken in some particular ranges. In contrast, no similar case has been found in previous studies of multistate boson stars. Moreover, we discuss the characteristics of each type of solution family of the DBSs and present the relationship between the ADM mass $M$ of the DBSs and the synchronized frequency $\tilde{\omega}$ or the nonsynchronized frequency $\tilde{\omega}_D$. Finally, we calculate the binding energy $E_B$ of the DBSs and investigate the relationship of $E_B$ with the synchronized frequency $\tilde{\omega}$ or the nonsynchronized frequency $\tilde{\omega}_D$.Comment: 26 pages, 12 figure

Multi-Objective Ant Colony Algorithm in EPC Risk Control

AbstractAccording to the risks and risk control target in energy performance contracting (EPC), this paper has designed the risk control measure set. On the basis, a risk control model is put forward, including the risk evaluation, risk control cost, risk loss. Then, a multi-objective ant colony algorithm, based on Pareto theory, is used to solve the model. A series of Pareto optimal solutions are got by example. The result shows that the solutions have the better diversity and convergence. At the same time, the model can find the best combination of various risk control measures in EPC, which can provide direct evidence for the company of EPC

A comparative study of nemertean complete mitochondrial genomes, including two new ones for Nectonemertes cf. mirabilis and Zygeupolia rubens, may elucidate the fundamental pattern for the phylum Nemertea

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The mitochondrial genome is important for studying genome evolution as well as reconstructing the phylogeny of organisms. Complete mitochondrial genome sequences have been reported for more than 2200 metazoans, mainly vertebrates and arthropods. To date, from a total of about 1275 described nemertean species, only three complete and two partial mitochondrial DNA sequences from nemerteans have been published. Here, we report the entire mitochondrial genomes for two more nemertean species: <it>Nectonemertes </it>cf. <it>mirabilis </it>and <it>Zygeupolia rubens</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The sizes of the entire mitochondrial genomes are 15365 bp for <it>N</it>. cf. <it>mirabilis </it>and 15513 bp for <it>Z. rubens</it>. Each circular genome contains 37 genes and an AT-rich non-coding region, and overall nucleotide composition is AT-rich. In both species, there is significant strand asymmetry in the distribution of nucleotides, with the coding strand being richer in T than A and in G than C. The AT-rich non-coding regions of the two genomes have some repeat sequences and stem-loop structures, both of which may be associated with the initiation of replication or transcription. The 22 tRNAs show variable substitution patterns in nemerteans, with higher sequence conservation in genes located on the H strand. Gene arrangement of <it>N</it>. cf. <it>mirabilis </it>is identical to that of <it>Paranemertes </it>cf. <it>peregrina</it>, both of which are Hoplonemertea, while that of <it>Z. rubens </it>is the same as in <it>Lineus viridis</it>, both of which are Heteronemertea. Comparison of the gene arrangements and phylogenomic analysis based on concatenated nucleotide sequences of the 12 mitochondrial protein-coding genes revealed that species with closer relationships share more identical gene blocks.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The two new mitochondrial genomes share many features, including gene contents, with other known nemertean mitochondrial genomes. The tRNA families display a composite substitution pathway. Gene order comparison to the proposed ground pattern of Bilateria and some lophotrochozoans suggests that the nemertean ancestral mitochondrial gene order most closely resembles the heteronemertean type. Phylogenetic analysis proposes a sister-group relationship between Hetero- and Hoplonemertea, which supports one of two recent alternative hypotheses of nemertean phylogeny.</p