Study On Land Use Aggregation Pattern Of Luohe City Based On Spatial Heterogeneity

The spatial layout of land use can reflect the health of urban development and inform the construction of green infrastructure. Many layout measurements have been proposed for lands in homogeneous spaces. Researchers and planners have used them to describe the urban structure and identify current problems in pursuit of problem-oriented optimizations. Now, with the urban expansion and accessibility development, the urban space has gradually changed from homogeneous to heterogeneous. However, the study of land use layout based on heterogeneous space is insufficient. Different land use types are expected to be allocated more scientifically, so providing more objective evidence on the urban land layout is necessary. Among them, the Aggregation-Diffusion status of each type of land is the most basic and vital information. In this paper, the spectral, index, and inversion data of Landsat 8 and Sentinel2 were collected, combined with NPP/VIIRS, and the Weka-EM clustering method was used to determine the boundary of build-up area in Luohe City (China) to obtain our study area. Then, we improve the traditional RAD by measuring roads \u27Efficiency value\u27 using Space Syntax: the homogeneous space is weighted to describe the effect of spatial heterogeneity for each land type. Therefore, by comparing the differences in the aggregation-diffusion land layout of these two spaces, the results are as follows: first of all, RAD shows that there is a dense core in Luohe City, in which priority development of ecological land can achieve a multiplier effect with half the effort. Secondly, in AAD, the basic unit based on efficiency value shows apparent spatial heterogeneity in Luohe urban space, represented by the contour line. The benefits of the greenway will be more fully realized where the contours are dense. Thirdly, comparing the description of the Aggregation-Diffusion situation of each land type by RAD and AAD, it can be found that: each land type has a different sensitivity to spatial heterogeneity, and AAD is a more accurate way of spatial description; Both AAD and RAD indicate a significant radial differentiation of land use in Luohe, which means that the significance of greenway construction in this religion is further enhanced. In addition to the greenway’s fundamental ecological implications, it also plays a vital role in facilitating the material-energy flow as well as promoting integration and equitable urban development

Comprehensive identification of ecologically important areas in Zhengzhou, China

Ecosystem services include the direct and indirect contributions of ecosystems to human well-being and survival, which are important factors that maintain and influence the ecological environment of humans, animals, and plants. Identification of ecological source areas is the first step for mapping high-quality ecological networks, ensuring urban ecological security, and improving the ecosystem service functions. Zhengzhou City is located in the central region of China, and is the core transportation hub of the country. In recent decades, Zhengzhou has accumulated a series of ecological problems in the dramatic urbanization development, such as the destruction of natural resources, environmental pollution, and biological species reduction. Ecological conservation is an urgent need for Zhengzhou. Based on the ecosystem services theory, we selected biodiversity maintenance function, habitat quality, water conservation, and soil conservation as key ecological impact factors to comprehensively evaluate the ecosystem service functions of the study area. By using GIS spatial analysis tool, the InVEST habitat quality model, and spatial connectivity analysis, we can implement the integrated identification of ecological source areas on a large scale. After superimposing the evaluation of ecological factors, the results show that the most important source areas are primarily distributed in the southwest of Zhengzhou. The proportion of ecological sources in Zhengzhou is relatively small, with an area of about 711.16km2, accounting for only 9.3% of Zhengzhou. Most of them have already been protected as forest parks or nature reserve by the government, while some sources like sections of Yellow River which are close to main urban area are facing development pressure. The ecological corridors in the urban area mostly are based on water system like Jinshui river, Xiliu Lake, and Longzi Lake that can connect green open space in the main urban area and natural green space outside

Distributed entanglement induced by dissipative bosonic media

We describe a scheme with analytic result that allows to generate steady-state entanglement for two atoms over a dissipative bosonic medium. The resonant coupling between the mediating bosonic mode and cavity modes produces three collective atomic decay channels. This dissipative dynamics, together with the unitary process induced by classical microwave fields, drives the two atoms to the symmetric or asymmetric entangled steady state conditional upon the choice of the phases of the microwave fields. The effects on the steady-state entanglement of off-resonance mediating bosonic modes are analyzed. The entanglement can be obtained with high fidelity regardless of the initial state and there is a linear relation in the scaling of the fidelity with the cooperativity parameter. The fidelity is insensitive to the fluctuation of the Rabi frequencies of the classical driving fields.Comment: to appear in Europhysics Letter

Intrinsically Water-Stable Keratin Nanoparticles and Their \u3ci\u3ein Vivo\u3c/i\u3e Biodistribution for Targeted Delivery

Highly water-stable nanoparticles of around 70 nm and capable of distributing with high uptake in certain organs of mice were developed from feather keratin. Nanoparticles could provide novel veterinary diagnostics and therapeutics to boost efficiency in identification and treatment of livestock diseases to improve protein supply and ensure safety and quality of food. Nanoparticles could penetrate easily into cells and small capillaries, surpass detection of the immune system, and reach targeted organs because of their nanoscale sizes. Proteins with positive and negative charges and hydrophobic domains enable loading of various types of drugs and, hence, are advantageous over synthetic polymers and carbohydrates for drug delivery. In this research, the highly cross-linked keratin was processed into nanoparticles with diameters of 70 nm under mild conditions. Keratin nanoparticles were found supportive to cell growth via an in vitro study and highly stable after stored in physiological environments for up to 7 days. At 4 days after injection, up to 18% of the cells in kidneys and 4% of the cells in liver of mice were penetrated by the keratin nanoparticles