Twin pregnancy a complicating journey for both mothers and babies: elaborate review

Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman. A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Pregnancy can occur by sexual intercourse or assisted reproductive technology. A pregnancy may end in a live birth, abortion, or miscarriage, though access to safe abortion care varies globally. Research shows that 10 percent to 15 percent of all singleton births may have started off as twins; often one is lost early in pregnancy in a phenomenon known as "vanishing twin syndrome." Multiple pregnancy occurs when two or more ova are fertilized to form dizygotic (non-identical) twins or a single fertilised egg divides to form monozygotic (identical) twins. In the U.S, about three in every 100 pregnant women give birth to twins or triplets, according to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn. And by many accounts, twin pregnancies are on the rise. This review provides a blessful information to understand what happening when expecting twins and also help to cope with pregnancy related complications and give twins the best start in life

In-vitro anthelmintic activity of Boswellia serrata and Aloe barbadensis extracts on Pheretima posthuma: Indian earthworm

Background: The development of anthelmintic resistance and the high cost of conventional anthelmintic drugs led to the evaluation of medicinal plants as an alternative source of anthelmintics. In the current study, in- vitro experiments were conducted to determine the possible anthelmintic effects of crude aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the resins of Boswellia serrata and leaves of Aloe barbadensis on adult Indian earthworm (Pheretima posthuma).Methods: Various concentrations (50, 100, 150 mg/ml) of each extracts were tested and results were expressed in terms of time for paralysis and time for death of worms. The activities are well compared with the standard drug Albendazole as a positive control and saline water as negative control.Results: Anthelmintic activity was observed as dose dependent manner. It was found that alcoholic  extract exhibited maximum anthelmintic activity at concentration 100 and 150 mg/ml compared to standard drug Albendazole (10mg/ml) while aqueous extract show modest significant activity at concentration 150 mg/ml against worm Pheretima posthuma. All results was statistically analysed by using ‘Dunnett’s test’ one- way ANOVA; the p<0.001 were significant when compared with control and standard group.Conclusions: The present study proves the potential of combination of B. serrata and A. barbadensis as an anthelmintic drugs. Further studies are necessary to isolate and reveal the active compounds and to establish the mechanism of action

Efficacy of Ayurved based therapy on global longitudinal strain in ischemic heart disease: a retrospective analysis

Background: The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the Ischemia Reversal program (IRP) as an Ayurveda based therapy to standard anti-ischemic therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods: A retrospective, single centre, observational study was conducted from January 2022 to May 2023. A total of 39 patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease and global longitudinal strain (GLS) &lt;15, regardless of underlying co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, low ejection fraction, history of myocardial infarction were included in this study. The primary endpoint was improvement in GLS from baseline to the 90-day follow-up in various different categories. Secondary endpoints were improvement in EF, abdominal girth, weight and reduction in dependency on allopathic medication from baseline to the 90-day follow-up. Results: The mean age of the study population was 59.23±9.01 years. Weight (day 1: 67.29±13.16 kg and day 90: 61.39±11.11 kg; p=0.00), body mass index (day 1: 25.75±4.03 and day 90: 23.79±3.50; p=0.00), abdominal girth (day 1: 95.31±10.75 cm and day 90: 85.67±17.02 cm p=0.00), EF (day 1: 40.74±10.30% and day 90: 53.91±11.87%; p=0.00), and GLS (day 1: -10.99±2.72 and day 90: -13.17±3.75; p=0.00) improved at the 90 day follow-up. Conclusions: The study showed notable improvements in weight, body mass index, abdominal girth, EF, and GLS after 90 days. These results suggest that IRP is beneficial treatment for IHD, but more extensive research is needed to confirm its effectiveness

Examining the Ethics of Public Health Interventions: Balancing Individual Rights and Collective Well-being

This research paper explores the complex ethical aspects related to public health interventions, with a main emphasis on managing the delicate equilibrium between protecting individual rights and promoting the overall well-being of the community. Our study examines historical perspectives, theoretical frameworks, and current practices to gain a thorough understanding of the ethical landscape in light of changing public health challenges. We suggest a new framework to address the ethical complexities that are inherent in public health interventions. The purpose of this framework is to assist decision-makers in finding a balanced and nuanced approach that both upholds individual freedoms and promotes the well-being of the community. The proposed framework integrates insights from utilitarian, rights-based, and communitarian perspectives to provide a comprehensive approach to ethical decision-making in policy formulation, highlighting the significance of ethical considerations. We evaluate the effects of public health interventions on individual rights and collective well-being by carefully analyzing case studies, such as compulsory vaccination programs, quarantine measures, and surveillance technologies. We conduct a comprehensive examination of the ethical principles involved, including autonomy, privacy, utility, and justice, to illuminate the ethical challenges confronted by policymakers. The research findings enhance the ongoing discussion on public health ethics by providing a nuanced viewpoint on the ethical consequences of interventions. The paper concludes by offering recommendations derived from the proposed framework, with the objective of improving the ethical underpinnings of public health policies. In essence, this study provides a valuable tool for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners who are looking to address the ethical dilemmas that arise when striving for a healthier society

Occupational Health in the Digital Age: Implications for Remote Work Environments

In this digital age, where working from home is becoming more common, the patterns of workplace health are changing in ways that require a thorough analysis of the effects on employee health. This study looks into the many parts of job health in places where people work from home, looking at how technology, human behavior, and company rules interact.The digital age has made work plans more flexible than ever before, letting workers do their jobs from anywhere. This paradigm shift has some benefits, like making things more flexible and easy to access, but it also brings a lot of problems that need to be carefully thought through. Long-term use of digital devices can be bad for your body, and being alone at work can be bad for your mental health. Remote work situations have their own health issues that need a unique approach.This study brings together different pieces of research on workplace health to highlight the new health risks that come with the digitalization of work. There is a close look at how technology can help or hurt employee health and a study of how companies can lower health risks in remote work settings.Additionally, the study looks into the possible long-term effects of long-term remote work on mental and physical health, as well as how well present workplace health systems can adapt to the changing nature of work. By critically evaluating the intersection of technology and health, this study provides valuable insights for policymakers, organizations, and individuals seeking to optimize the well-being of remote workers in the digital age

Giving Contents From an Unlabelled Plastic Bottle Containing Toxic Substance: A Case Report

Accidental exposure to toxic chemicals is a major concern for all of us, particularly for our children. Many households in different parts of the globe store chemicals/drugs right from medicine, toiletries, corrosives, etc. in bottles of various sizes, shapes, and substances. Many a time such bottles are either newly purchased or are empty bottles of previously-stored liquids or other contents. Such used bottles or containers are frequently used for preserving corrosives or household cleaning substances in homes. Such unlabelled or used bottles can become culprits for causing accidental poisoning to anyone, especially children leading to grave harm to their health and safety. In the present case, a 3-month-old male infant was brought to our pediatric emergency unit with a history of difficulty of breathing, blackening of the tongue, with sudden onset of crying, and inconsolability after being given water from a plastic bottle by his aunt. After a detailed assessment, it was found that the infant has a blackish color corrosive injury in and around the mouth involving the anterior half of the tongue, and lips with evidence of trickling drop type corrosive injuries over the right side of the neck and right supraclavicular region.  Internally, except for epiglottic edema, no other significant findings were noted. On follow-up examination, the complication was noticed as the process of healing of the corrosive injury in and around the mouth as a fish mouth appearance. Upon investigation, it was found that the infant was sick with fever for which he was given contents from an unlabelled plastic bottle containing battery acid (sulfuric acid, H2SO4) thinking it was the water of Zam Zam. Dispensing contents from unlabelled containers can be a potential threat to the lives of children as well as adults