The Correlation between Adaptation to the Maternal Role and Social Support in a Sample of Iranian Primiparous Women

AbstractIntroduction: Adaptation to the maternal role is an important factor for health ofmothers and infants. With regards to numerous stresses after childbirth and effect ofsocial support in modifying stresses, the present study was conducted for detecting thecorrelation between adaptation to the maternal role and social support in primiparousfemales.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 260 primiparous females, whohad referred to public health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciencesin Tehran, during year 2016. Data gathering tools included the «DemographicQuestionnaire», «Adaptation to the Maternal Role in Iranian Primiparous WomenQuestionnaire», «Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support», andEdinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data analysis was done using the SPSS software(version 22) and it was based on descriptive statistics and statistical independent t-test,Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Spearman correlation, and linear regression. P value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: The score of adaptation to a maternal role had a significant correlation witha total score of social support and its subscales (P = 0.001). Also, the adaptation toa maternal role had a reverse significant correlation with the mother and father’seducation and the rate of family income, yet the results of the linear regressiondemonstrated that only two variables, “social support” and “mother’s education”, weresignificant in predicting the adaptation to a maternal role (P = 0.001), and they couldpredict 15% of variance for adapting to a maternal role.Conclusions: Social support is an effective factor for adaptation to the maternal role inprimiparous females. Therefore, providing an appropriate situation for these supportsis recommended. Also, it is required for health care providers to make sure about anadaptation to a maternal role, especially in mothers with higher education

Comparison Effects of Vaginal Misoprostol with Vaginal Evening Primrose on Ripening Cervix in Nulliparous Women

AbstractIntroduction: Childbirth requires several changes in the function of the uterus and cervix. Today, various methods are used to prepare the cervix. Ripening of the cervix is one of the most factors in a successful delivery. This study aims to compare the effects of vaginal misoprostol tablet with vaginal evening primrose capsule on cervical ripening in nulliparous women with term pregnancy.Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial of a sokor conducted on 100 nulliparous women referred to Pasteur Hospital and Prenatal Clinic of University of Medical Sciences of Bam, 40 weeks to 40 weeks±6 days gestational age with Bishop Score less than 4. The women were selected by convenient sampling based on random numbers divided into two groups, evening primrose (1000 mg vaginal evening primrose capsules) and misoprostol (25 micrograms of vaginal misoprostol tablets). The data was collected by demographic and midwifery questionnaire, follow-up form, Bishop's checklist, fetal movement registration form, and daily record. Data were analyzed by SPSS20 software, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Linear by Linear. In all of the tests, P < 0.05 was considered.Results: Bishop’s score at admission in the evening primrose group was 1.84 ± 0.88 versus 0.78 ± 0.66 in the misoprostol group (P < 0.001). The two groups had significant differences in terms of dilatation and cervical consistency during admission. The dilatation in the evening primrose group significantly increased, and cervical consistency was considerably softer in the misoprostol group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: It seems that evening primrose is more effective on cervical ripening and dilatation

Effects of Sex Hormones in Combined oral Contraceptives and Cyclofem on Female Sexual Dysfunction Score: A Study on Iranian Females

AbstractIntroduction: Unwanted pregnancy can endanger reproductive health, and its complications could adversely affect quality of life in females, families, and the community. A large number of unwanted pregnancies are terminated with abortion or stillbirth. Sex is an important aspect of quality of life. According to reproductive rights, females have the right to experience a safe and enjoyable sexual relationship. This study aimed at comparing sexual function scores between females taking combined oral contraceptives and Cyclofem at health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences of Tehran, Iran, During Year 2013.Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was carried -out on 240 females (each group 120) in Tehran, Iran, by multistage sampling. Data collection tools had 3 parts; General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), demographic variables, and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) that were completed by interviews. Descriptive statistics, independent t, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square, and SPPS16 were used for analysis of data. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: The difference in sexual function between combined oral contraceptives and cyclofem was insignificant. Scores of desire and arousal dimensions were better in combined oral contraceptive consumers than cyclofem users.Conclusions: It is important for females to choose hormonal contraception methods, which are the most effective, yet, cause the least sexual dysfunction

Prevalence of sexual violence among infertile women

AbstractBackground & Aims:  Violence is a global problem. More than 1. 6 millions of people worldwide lose their lives because of violence every year. Also, many others are injured and suffer from physical, sexual, reproductive and mental problems. 10-69 percent of women experience of physical violence and over 30-50 percent of them experience sexual violence. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and the factors associated with sexual violence against infertile women attending to infertility centers in Tehran, Iran.Materials and Methods:  In this cross sectional / descriptive study 400 infertile women attending to infertility centers in Tehran were included. The samples of the study were selected by purposive sampling method. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of demographical characteristics of infertile women, demographical characteristics of husband , The questionnaire of sexual violence that has happened in the last 3 months and Questionnaire of general health. To analyze data, descriptive statistics, Spearman test, one way analysis of variance and SPSS 17 software were used.Findings:  Age of women was 30. 50±6. 16. Prevalance of sexual violence was 47. 3%. Sexual violence was significantly associated with income, unwanted marriage ,using drugs and opium and evaluation of total physical health of women and ethnicity , smoking and addiction or drug abuse, mental diseases of the husband and threatened to divorce before treatment , general health status and number of sexual intercourse. (P < 0. 05).Conclusion:  One of the main purposes of marriage in developing countries is fertility. Infertile women try many methods of infertility treatment, loneliness and harsh treatment of infertility and sexual and marital problems may be the most important predisposing factor for mental disorders and violence. Factors influence the incidence of violence, smoking , use of drug and physical and mental illnesses. Coping strategies , defining marriage goals , knowledge about infertility treatments , women’s empowerment , intimate relationships can help infertile couples and lessen violence.Key words: Sexual violence , Mental health ,Women ,Infertilit

Correlation between components of tolerance caregivers in Jahrom hospitals using factor analysis

AbstractBackground and aim: Nurses have an important role in caring of clients. So, determine the component of burden, identifying structure of components and correlation between them can effective in determine the new component and identifying the effective factors of burden. The aim of current study is to determine the correlations between CBI components among nurses in Jahrom hospitols by using factor analysis.Materials and methods: In this research, 158 of nurses in Jahrom hospitals with stratified sampling enrolled to study. by using car-giver burden ills questionnaire, five burden’s components that involve "Time dependence burden", " Developmental burden", "Physical burden", " Social burden" and "Emotional burden" were assessed. Data were analyzed by Pierson correlation coefficient, regression models and factor analysis.Results: Time dependence burden, Developmental burden, Physical burden, Social burden and Emotional burden of women were significantly higher than men (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between workplace and different burden components (p<0.05). Time dependence burden of CCU nurses and triage nurses were in a high and low level, respectively. There was a significant correlation between Emotional burden and Social burden (P=0.000). Factor analysis showed that nurse's burden contains two main factors, that these two factors predicting 64% of total data variance. According to factor analysis physical burdens and Developmental burden and Physical burden were an independent factor, social burden and emotional burdens were another independent factor.Conclusion: There was a significant difference between gender and workplace with components of Burden. Women’s Burden in caring of patients was more than men which can related to physical and emotional characteristics of women.Key words: Time dependence burden, Developmental burden, Physical burden, Social burden, Emotional burden, Factor Analysi

Sexual function in women using Depo- medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA)

Background and aim: Sexuality is an important aspect of quality of life that affects both physical andpsychological aspects. Sexual relationship is central to quality of women’s life, and reflects her psychosocialand life aspects. Different factors such as health, emotional problems, stress, and hormones affect sexualfunction. Some reports reveal the effect of hormones, and conversely, some report lack of effect. This studyaimed to asses sexual function of women using DMPA presenting to health centers affiliated to ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran , Iran in 2013Methods and material : This descriptive study was conducted on 120 women in health centers in Tehran,Iran. They were selected by multistage sampling. A questionnaire completed by interviewing was used fordata collecting. 3 parts were included in the questionnaire: demographic characteristic, and Female SexualFunction Index (FSFI). Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 and Different statistical tests were used. (P<0. 05)Result: Mean age of women was 28. 63±7. 16 years. Women use DMPA had favorite sexual function (60.8%). Logistic regression showed women with regular menstruation had favorite sexual function than others(P<0. 05) .Conclusion: Menstrual patterns was significantly associated with sexual function.While introducinghormonal contraceptive methods, health workers should emphasize their adverse effects such as menstrualpatterns on sexual function.Key word: Sexual function, Depo-medroxy Progesterone Acetate, Prevalence, Iran