Serosurveillance among COVID-19 Cases in Ahmedabad Using SARS-COV2 IgG Antibodies

Background: Serosurveillance study focusing on antibodies against SARS-CoV2 among the Covid19 cases can add value in the scientific knowledge & help in formulating valid predictions regarding immunity status in the post-covid period. Objectives: To estimate seropositivity among covid19 cases and to identify various factors affecting seropositivity. Methods: During second half of October 2020, a population based serosurvey on Covid19 cases was carried out in Ahmedabad. Covid-Kavach test kits were used and estimated seroprevalence was compared with available demographic and covid19 case related parameters to identify factors affecting seropositivity in the post-covid period. Simple proportions and Z-test were used as appropriate. Results: As on October 2020, the sero-positivity among Covid19 cases in Ahmedabad was 54.51% [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 52.14-56.86%]. Females have higher positivity (54.78%) as compared to males (54.30%) but the difference was statistically not significant (Z=0.19, P=0.84). Among children and elderly, the positivity is high and from young adults to elderly the seropositivity has an increasing trend. Severity of clinical illness and longer duration of hospitalization are associated with higher seropositivity. Conclusion: With 54.51% seropositivity among covid19 cases, it is clear that all the covid19 cases may not have developed IgG antibodies, have undetectable level or might have disappeared during the post-covid period. Comparison of seropositivity with age group and clinical case details clearly suggest close correlation with the severity of clinical symptoms. The seronegative cases indicate the need for further in-depth scientific research to identify the factors affecting immunity and to uncover the reasons behind the same

Local Industrialization Based Lucrative Farming Using Machine Learning Technique

In recent times, agriculture have gained lot of attention of researchers. More precisely, crop prediction is trending topic for research as it leads agri-business to success or failure. Crop prediction totally rest on climatic and chemical changes. In the past which crop to promote was elected by rancher. All the decisions related to its cultivation, fertilizing, harvesting and farm maintenance was taken by rancher himself with his experience. But as we can see because of constant fluctuations in atmospheric conditions coming to any conclusion have become very tough. Picking correct crop to grow at right times under right circumstances can help rancher to make more business. To achieve what we cannot do manually we have started building machine learning models for it nowadays. To predict the crop deciding which parameters to consider and whose impact will be more on final decision is also equally important. For this we use feature selection models. This will alter the underdone data into more precise one. Though there have been various techniques to resolve this problem better performance is still desirable. In this research we have provided more precise & optimum solution for crop prediction keeping Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur region of Maharashtra. Along with crop & composts to increase harvest we are offering industrialization around so rancher can trade the yield & earn more profit. The proposed solution is using machine learning algorithms like KNN, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes where Random Forest outperforms others so we are using it to build our final framework to predict crop

Influence of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis on cellular function and cytokine expression in different breast cancer cell lines

Previous studies provide high evidence that autotaxin (ATX)-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling through LPA receptors (LPAR) plays an important role in breast cancer initiation, progression, and invasion. However, its specific role in different breast cancer cell lines remains to be fully elucidated to offer improvements in targeted therapies. Within this study, we analyzed in vitro the effect of LPA 18:1 and the LPAR1, LPAR3 (and LPAR2) inhibitor Ki16425 on cellular functions of different human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, BT-474, SKBR-3) and the human breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A, as well as Interleukin 8 (IL-8), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha cytokine secretion after LPA-incubation. ATX-LPA signaling showed a dose-dependent stimulatory effect especially on cellular functions of triple-negative and luminal A breast cancer cell lines. Ki16425 inhibited the LPA-induced stimulation of triple-negative breast cancer and luminal A cell lines in variable intensity depending on the functional assay, indicating the interplay of different LPAR in those assays. IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-alpha secretion was induced by LPA in MDA-MB-468 cells. This study provides further evidence about the role of the ATX-LPA axis in different breast cancer cell lines and might contribute to identify subtypes suitable for a future targeted therapy of the ATX-LPA axis

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

An alternative approach to periapical radiography for gaggers

Context: Most difficult and common problem, while taking intraoral periapical radiographs in the posterior region of the jaw is gagging. Severe gag reflex at times does not allow periapical radiography causing an additional financial burden on the patient who is then sent for extraoral radiography. Aim: The aim of this study was to device a new technique with which the radiograph of maxillary and mandibular third molars can be obtained without causing much discomfort and additional financial burden to the patient. Settings and Design: The present technique was applied and tested for its validity on the routine patients visiting oral radiology department for radiograph of maxillary or mandibular third molars and who demonstrated severe gag reflex preventing periapical radiography. Subjects and Methods: The present technique required a dental chair, intraoral dental X-ray machine, regular size of two periapical films, and artery forceps. The film is placed parallel to the occlusal plane as in case of occlusal radiography with the embossed dot side facing toward the teeth to be radiographed, and exposures were made. Results: The resulting radiographs taken by the present technique showed a complete image of third molars without causing stimulation of gag reflex and without superimposition of the zygomatic process on roots of maxillary third molars. Conclusion: The present technique can be used satisfactorily for taking third molar radiographs in patients with severe gag reflex

L'Institut de France et les anciennes Académies, par Léon Aucoc.

Bonnassieux Pierre. L'Institut de France et les anciennes Académies, par Léon Aucoc.. In: Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes. 1889, tome 50. pp. 464-465