Magnetic properties of submicron Co islands and their use as artificial pinning centers

We report on the magnetic properties of elongated submicron magnetic islands and their influence on a superconducting film. The magnetic properties were studied by magnetization hysteresis loop measurements and scanning-force microscopy. In the as-grown state, the islands have a magnetic structure consisting of two antiparallel domains. This stable domain configuration has been directly visualized as a 2x2-checkerboard pattern by magnetic-force microscopy. In the remanent state, after magnetic saturation along the easy axis, all islands have a single-domain structure with the magnetic moment oriented along the magnetizing field direction. Periodic lattices of these Co islands act as efficient artificial pinning arrays for the flux lines in a superconducting Pb film deposited on top of the Co islands. The influence of the magnetic state of the dots on their pinning efficiency is investigated in these films, before and after the Co dots are magnetized.Comment: 6 pages including figure

Proposal for a micromachined dynamically tuned gyroscope, based on contactless suspension

In this paper, the operating principle of a micromachined, dynamically tuned gyroscope, based on a contactless suspension is discussed and its mathematical model is derived. Dynamical analysis based on this mathematical model is conducted. The analysis shows that such a gyroscope can be created in principal and provides a value for the gyroscope gain to measuring angular rate which is several orders of magnitude greater in comparison with existed prototypes of the micromachined gyroscope based on a contactless suspension.Accepted versio

Proposal for micromachined accelerometer, based on a contactless suspension with zero spring constant

In this paper, a micromachined accelerometer, based on a contactless suspension with a zero spring constant which is a new challenge that provides possibility to significantly increasing accuracies of the micromachined inertial sensor is proposed. Minimization of the spring constant of the contactless suspension is achieved by combining inductive and electrical contactless suspensions. To study the conditions required to eliminate the spring constant of the suspension and achieve stable levitation of the accelerometer proof mass, a mathematical model of the suspension is developed. It is shown that such a suspension can be developed in principle.Accepted versio

Influence of the elastic properties of the spring element on the rotor tuning condition of a rotor vibratory gyroscope

This paper considers the dependence of the rotor tuning condition of a rotor-vibratory gyroscope on the elastic properties of the spring element which has, in particular, additional angular deflection along an axis perpendicular to the output axis of gyroscope. As a consequence of this dependence, the limitations to the performance of the rotor tuning condition are examined and a mathematical equation describing the rotor tuning error, dependent on variations in the gyroscope parameters, is obtained. Analysis of the equation of rotor tuning error allows us to formulate the condition needed for minimization of this error against temperature change.Accepted versio

Selection of series compensation parameters for closed loop rotor vibratory gyroscope

This article presents an approach to the selection of the Series Compensation (SC) parameters for a Rotor Vibratory Gyroscope in closed loop operation (RVG), to meet the necessary quality of dynamical and statical characteristics of such a gyroscope output. The proposed approach is based on the developed mathematical model of a RVG as a two axis control system with modulation. The analysis of this model allows us to reveal some peculiarities of the system, for instance, the effect of limited quality factor. The influence of these observed peculiarities on the dynamical and statical characteristics of a RVG are studied and reflected in the proposed approach. Finally, the selection of the SC parameters, by means of the proposed approach is illustrated with a RVG, designed by the Arzamas Research & Production Joint Stock Company "Temp-Avia".Accepted versio

ToxNav germline genetic testing and PROMinet digital mobile application toxicity monitoring: Results of a prospective single-center clinical utility study-PRECISE study.

INTRODUCTION: In this study (PRECISE), we assess the clinical utility of a germline DNA sequencing-based test (ToxNav) for mutations in DPYD and ENOSF1 genes to alter clinician-prescribed fluoropyrimidine doses and the use of a digital application (PROMinet) to record patient-reported chemotherapy toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult patients with a histological diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) who consented to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were recruited prospectively and given a digital application to monitor and record associated toxicities. Patient samples were analyzed for 18 germline coding variants in DPYD and 1 ENOSF1 variant. RESULTS: Genetic testing was performed for 60 patients and identified one patient at increased risk of fluoropyrimidine-based toxicities. Uptake of genetic testing was high and results were available on average 17 days from initial clinical encounter. Patient-reported chemotherapy toxicity identified differences in 5-fluorouracil vs capecitabine regime profiles and identified profiles associated with subsequent need for chemotherapy dose reduction and hospital admission. DISCUSSION: The PRECISE clinical trial demonstrated that a germline DNA sequencing-based test can provide clinically relevant information to alter clinicians' fluoropyrimidine prescription. The study also obtained high volume, high granularity patient-reported toxicity data that might allow the improvement and personalization of chemotherapy management.</p

ToxNav germline genetic testing and PROMinet digital mobile application toxicity monitoring: Results of a prospective single-center clinical utility study-PRECISE study.

INTRODUCTION: In this study (PRECISE), we assess the clinical utility of a germline DNA sequencing-based test (ToxNav) for mutations in DPYD and ENOSF1 genes to alter clinician-prescribed fluoropyrimidine doses and the use of a digital application (PROMinet) to record patient-reported chemotherapy toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult patients with a histological diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) who consented to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were recruited prospectively and given a digital application to monitor and record associated toxicities. Patient samples were analyzed for 18 germline coding variants in DPYD and 1 ENOSF1 variant. RESULTS: Genetic testing was performed for 60 patients and identified one patient at increased risk of fluoropyrimidine-based toxicities. Uptake of genetic testing was high and results were available on average 17and#160;days from initial clinical encounter. Patient-reported chemotherapy toxicity identified differences in 5-fluorouracil vs capecitabine regime profiles and identified profiles associated with subsequent need for chemotherapy dose reduction and hospital admission. DISCUSSION: The PRECISE clinical trial demonstrated that a germline DNA sequencing-based test can provide clinically relevant information to alter clinicians' fluoropyrimidine prescription. The study also obtained high volume, high granularity patient-reported toxicity data that might allow the improvement and personalization of chemotherapy management.</p

Cardiolipin is required for membrane docking of mitochondrial ribosomes and protein synthesis

The mitochondrial inner membrane contains a unique phospholipid known as cardiolipin (CL), which stabilises the protein complexes embedded in the membrane and supports its overall structure. Recent evidence indicates that the mitochondrial ribosome may associate with the inner membrane to facilitate co-translational insertion of the hydrophobic oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins into the inner membrane. We generated three mutant knockout cell lines for the CL biosynthesis gene Crls1 to investigate the effects of CL loss on mitochondrial protein synthesis. Reduced CL levels caused altered mitochondrial morphology and transcriptome-wide changes that were accompanied by uncoordinated mitochondrial translation rates and impaired respiratory chain supercomplex formation. Aberrant protein synthesis was caused by impaired formation and distribution of mitochondrial ribosomes. Reduction or loss of CL resulted in divergent mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress responses. We show that CL is required to stabilise the interaction of the mitochondrial ribosome with the membrane via its association with OXA1 (also known as OXA1L) during active translation. This interaction facilitates insertion of newly synthesised mitochondrial proteins into the inner membrane and stabilises the respiratory supercomplexes

Prostatic irradiation-induced sexual dysfunction: A review and multidisciplinary guide to management in the radical radiotherapy era (Part II on Urological Management)

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Radiotherapy is a curative option that is administered via external beam radiation, brachytherapy, or in combination. Sexual dysfunction is a common toxicity following radiotherapy, similar to men undergoing radical prostatectomy, but the etiology is different. The pathophysiology of radiation-induced sexual dysfunction is multi-factorial, and the toxicity is a major cause of impaired quality of life among long-term prostate cancer survivors. Management of a patient’s sexual function during and after radiotherapy requires multidisciplinary coordination of care between radiation oncology, urology, psychiatry, pharmacy, and dermatology. This review provides a framework for clinicians to better understand prostatic radiotherapy-induced sexual dysfunction diagnosis, evaluation, and a patient-centered approach to toxicity preventive strategies and management