8 research outputs found
POLYFLUOROALKYL-2-(HET)ARYLHYDRAZONO-1,3-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLIZATION REACTIONS
This work was financially supported by the Program UB RAS (Grant number 18-3-3-13)
ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ°
The research identified a list of molecules involved in the mechanisms of innate immunity in cattle and the recognition of bacterial pathogens. The current list of molecular receptors has expanded to include TLR receptors and the recently defined NOD-like receptors (NLRs): NOD, NALP, NAIP, and IPAF. TLR molecules are designed to transmit a ligand-binding signal on the cell surface or endosome and activate specific molecules of bacterial origin in the cytosol, such as peptidoglycans, RNA, toxins and flagellins. The obtained data on the molecular structure of TLR and NLR receptors indicate their anti-inflammatory role, mediated by signals through nuclear transcription factor ΞΊB and activation of caspase-1 in the inflammasome. It has been shown that the role of immunosensors of extracellular and intracellular perception of bacteria in regulating inflammation is synergistic. Mutations in TLR and NOD receptors are associated with autoimmune inflammatory syndromes. This review examines the body's ways of recognising intracellular pathogens, describes the problem of their mimicry from the animal immune system, and the molecular mechanisms of such interactions. Variants of molecular interactions of innate immune receptors with peptidoglycans, bacterial DNA and toxins, cell wall compartments, and bacterial flagellin receptors are also considered. This study aimed to analyse the current understanding of the genetic and molecular structure of the immune response to bacterial environmental factors and the mechanisms and characteristics of the reaction of the animal body.Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ», Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ TLR, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ NOD-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ (NLR): NOD, NALP, NAIP ΠΈ IPAF. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ TLR ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π½Π΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ, Π ΠΠ, ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°Π³Π΅Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² TLR ΠΈ NLR ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΞΊB-ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-1. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½Π°. ΠΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² TLR- ΠΈ NOD-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π°Π³Π΅Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ» Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Aspects of the directional synthesis of carbon nanotubes to create hierarchical radio-absorbing composite materials
The conducted information review showed that there are various types of radio absorbing materials.Β The expansion of the working wavelength range for radio-absorbing composites is possible due to the combined use of conductive fillers, characterized by different magnetic and dielectric characteristics and the value of electrical conductivity.Β As a rule, the increase in the efficiency of radio absorption of materials is associated with an increase in the concentration of metal fillers in them, as a result of which the weight and size parameters increase proportionally.Β To avoid this, the use of carbon nanomaterials, which have the ability to create self-organizing hierarchical structures in the bulk of the composite, allows.Β Varying the composition of the catalytic systems of the CVD process allows directional synthesis of carbon nanomaterials with the necessary morphological characteristics.Β To assess the effect of the composition of the catalyst on the morphology and structure of the synthesized CNTs, 3 Ni / MgO catalyst compositions with different contents of the active component (Ni) were selected.Β The effectiveness of the obtained catalysts was determined by the specific yield of CNTs (gC/gkat).Β The morphology and structure of the catalysts and the synthesized CNTs were studied by means of scanning by transmission electron microscopy. The use of a nickel-based catalyst provides the material with magnetic properties.Β The diameter of carbon filiform formations synthesized on Ni/0.16MgO and Ni / 0.3MgO catalysts is ~ 30 Γ· 60Β nm.Β The Ni/0.5MgO system is characterized by low productivity in one-dimensional nanostructures; the sample after the CVD process contains a large number of unstructured forms of carbon and an unchanged catalyst.Β Structural diversity in carbon nanomaterials allows to obtain on their basis an effective hierarchical structure in the radio absorbing composite.