Supplement 20, Part 5, Parasite-Subject Catalogue: Parasites: Arthropoda and Miscellaneous Phyla

United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Animal Industr

Mass differentiated reading skills instruction in high school

Thesis (M.Ed.)--Boston University N.B.: Page 3 Misnumbered

The ubiquitous nature of metastable droplets in the ambient atmosphere

Thesis (B.S.) in Chemistry -- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1988.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 28-29)Microfiche of typescript. [Urbana, Ill.]: Photographic Services, University of Illinois, U of I Library, [1988]. 1 microfiche (33 frames): negative.s 1988 ilu n

Photochemical aerosol formation from α-pinene- and β-pinene

Aerosol formation from α-pinene and β-pinene was studied in a series of outdoor smog chamber experiments. Since a previous study focused on β-pinene (Pandis et al., 1991), more attention was given here to α-pinene. The initial hydrocarbon and NO_x concentrations ranged from 37 to 582 ppb and 31 to 380 ppb, respectively. The aerosol carbon yield, the fraction of the carbon initially present that is converted to aerosol, varied from 0 to 5.3% for α-pinene, depending on the initial hydrocarbon-to-NO_x ratio. Dual-bag experiments demonstrate that α-pinene is more rapidly photooxidized, and produces higher yields of both aerosol and ozone in a given period of time than β-pinene, although given sufficient time β-pinene can produce equivalent aerosol yields. Although aerosol formation solely from isoprene photooxidation was found in a previous study to be negligible under ambient conditions, the addition of isoprene to the α-pinene/NO_x system leads to an increased aerosol yield through the enhanced photochemical activity generated

Supplement 20, Part 5, Parasite-Subject Catalogue: Parasites: Arthropoda and Miscellaneous Phyla

United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Animal Industr

An investigation into the inactivation kinetics of hydrogen peroxide vapor against clostridium difficile endospores

C. difficile spores are resistant to routine cleaning agents and are able to survive on inanimate surfaces for long periods of time. There is increasing evidence of the importance of the clinical environment as a reservoir for pathogenic agents and as a potential source of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). In this context, to reduce the risk of cross-transmission, terminal disinfection of hospital wards and isolation rooms using hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) is attracting attention. Spores of C. difficile (ribotype 027) were exposed to constant concentrations of HPV ranging between 11 and 92 mg m−3 (ppm) for a range of exposure times in a specially designed chamber. The inactivation data thus obtained was fitted using the modified Chick–Watson inactivation model to obtain decimal reduction values (D values). D values ranged from 23 to 1.3 min at HPV concentrations of 11 and 92 ppm, respectively. We present a simple mathematical model based on the inactivation kinetic data obtained here to estimate the efficacy of commercial HPV processes used in healthcare environmental decontamination. C. difficile spores showed linear inactivation kinetics at steady HPV concentrations ranging between 10 and 90 ppm. The data obtained here was used to provide estimates of the inactivation efficacy of commercial HPV process cycles, which employ unsteady HPV concentrations during the decontamination process

Perspectives and limitations of gene expression profiling in rheumatology: new molecular strategies

The deciphering of the sequence of the human genome has raised the expectation of unravelling the specific role of each gene in physiology and pathology. High-throughput technologies for gene expression profiling provide the first practical basis for applying this information. In rheumatology, with its many diseases of unknown pathogenesis and puzzling inflammatory aspects, these advances appear to promise a significant advance towards the identification of leading mechanisms of pathology. Expression patterns reflect the complexity of the molecular processes and are expected to provide the molecular basis for specific diagnosis, therapeutic stratification, long-term monitoring and prognostic evaluation. Identification of the molecular networks will help in the discovery of appropriate drug targets, and permit focusing on the most effective and least toxic compounds. Current limitations in screening technologies, experimental strategies and bioinformatic interpretation will shortly be overcome by the rapid development in this field. However, gene expression profiling, by its nature, will not provide biochemical information on functional activities of proteins and might only in part reflect underlying genetic dysfunction. Genomic and proteomic technologies will therefore be complementary in their scientific and clinical application