The impact of the publication of non-financial statements on the financial performance of companies with the identification of interpectoral features

The purpose of this article is to study the impact of the publication of non-financial statements on the financial performance of Russian companies with the identification of intersectoral feature

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СИНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ И ТЕОРИИ КАТАСТРОФ

The condition of a global ecosystem comes nearer to the critical level that is reflected in social and economic development of society. At the present stage the analysis of the world for which the non-stationary behavior, social and economic and ecological crises connected with nonlinearity and multidimensionality of social and economic systems is characteristic has to become a subject of studying of economy and finance. A complex of models of accidents of global social and economic development is created. For carrying out the analysis the methodology of synergetic which is based on the theory of self-organization and a coevolution of difficult systems is chosen. The tools of modeling of the instability of socio-economic systems development which is conceptual and methodological basis, the catastrophe theory are considered. The algorithm is offered and the complex of models allowing to investigate type and nature of dynamics of development of the main macroeconomic indicators, to define possibility of formation of crises is constructed.Состояние глобальной экосистемы приближается к критическому уровню, что отражается на социально-экономическом развитии общества. На современном этапе предметом изучения экономики и финансов должен стать анализ мира, для которого характерно нестационарное поведение, социально-экономические и экологические кризисы, связанные с нелинейностью и многомерностью социально-экономических систем. В статье построен комплекс  моделей катастроф глобального социально-экономического развития. Для проведения анализа выбрана методология синергетики, которая основывается на теории самоорганизации и коэволюции сложных систем. Рассмотрен инструментарий моделирования неустойчивости развития социально-экономических систем, концептуально-методологической основой которого является теория катастроф. Предложен алгоритм и построен комплекс моделей, позволяющий исследовать тип и характер динамики развития основных макроэкономических индикаторов, определить возможность формирования кризисов

The tale of TILs in breast cancer : a report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC

The tale of TILs in breast cancer: A report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC

Analysis of Anti-Bullet Resistance of Armored Steels of Foreign Manufacture

The paper studies penetrating armour plates from the steel alloys such as Armox 560T, Domex protect 500, Weldox 700 E, Hardox 400, and Armstal 500, which are used for armour protection. In all tests for five different thick (6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 6 + 6 mm, and 8 + 8mm) plates was used one of the most common bullets, i.e. a 7.62 mm "APM2" (hard steel core) bullet with an impact velocity of 830 m / s and 920 m / s. The article presents the developed rational finite element models of plates and bullets, which allow us to obtain results with acceptable accuracy and minimum time of solution using the LS-DYNA solver. Predicts the rational thickness values and the steel properties to ensure protection according to the European standard EN1063 ("BR7"). Also conducts analysis of influence of the friction coefficient on the results of numerical simulation.The main results of calculations include the residual velocity and kinetic energy of the bullet after penetrating and the pattern of the plate fracture mechanism (for each plate type and thickness). As a result of the studies, it was found that the monolayer 6 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm thick plates from all the investigated steel alloys do not provide a protection level of "BR7" (with an initial bullet velocity of 830 m / s) and, on the other hand, the two-layer plates from the alloys Armox 560T, Domex protect 500, and Armstal 500 with a total thickness of 12 mm provide such level of protection. It was also revealed that the influence of the coefficient of friction on the resistance to the bullet penetration is very small, so friction can be neglected.At an initial velocity of 920 m / s a bullet penetrated two-layer 6x2 mm thick plates from all the steel alloys under consideration, while with a thickness of 8x2 mm the bullet could not penetrate (except the Weldox 700E alloy plate).</p

Modified Johnson–Cook Model-based Numerical Simulation of Small Arms Bullets Penetration in the Aluminum Alloy Plates

In this paper, we simulated and studied the penetration process of 7,62 x 63 mm bullets "NATO Ball" (with a soft lead core) and 7.62 x 63 mm ones «APM2» (with hard steel core) in three kinds of aluminum plates, namely AA5083- H116, AA6082-T4, and AA7075-T6 with three different thicknesses of 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm. The impact velocity was 830 m / s in all tests. Based on the test results and numerical calculations, all plates and a bullet were modeled as the deformable ones with modified constitutive Johnson-Cook relationship and Cockcroft-Latham fracture criterion. Then they were used in modeling by three-dimensional nonlinear finite element in Ansys Ls-Dyna package. The influence of the finite element size in the finite element model on the length and results of calculations has been investigated as well.The main calculation results, we have received, include the residual bullet velocity and the residual kinetic energy of the bullet after drilling a hole in the plate and plate failure mechanism for each type and thickness of the plate with two types of bullets. We have noticed that the residual velocities of the bullets for small thicknesses of aluminum alloys (up to 10 mm) have relatively equal values upon penetration of the bullets "NATO Ball" and «APM2» (a bit more), as well as the calculation-obtained failure mechanisms are adequate to experimental. In addition, resistance of AA7075-T651 aluminum alloy to penetration is higher than that of AA5083-H116 and AA6082-T4 ones.It should also be noted that the accuracy of the results depends mainly on the size of the grid elements. The more is the number of elements, the higher is the accuracy of the results, but the longer is the solution time. Therefore, we advice to use the finite element size of 0.2 mm, at most, to obtain the highly accurate results that are adequate to the experimental results.</p

APPLICATION OF SYNERGETIC METHODS AND THEORY OF ACCIDENTS

The condition of a global ecosystem comes nearer to the critical level that is reflected in social and economic development of society. At the present stage the analysis of the world for which the non-stationary behavior, social and economic and ecological crises connected with nonlinearity and multidimensionality of social and economic systems is characteristic has to become a subject of studying of economy and finance. A complex of models of accidents of global social and economic development is created. For carrying out the analysis the methodology of synergetic which is based on the theory of self-organization and a coevolution of difficult systems is chosen. The tools of modeling of the instability of socio-economic systems development which is conceptual and methodological basis, the catastrophe theory are considered. The algorithm is offered and the complex of models allowing to investigate type and nature of dynamics of development of the main macroeconomic indicators, to define possibility of formation of crises is constructed

Radiation-induced lattice relaxation in α\alpha α -Fe 2_2 2 O 3_3 3 nanorods

Abstract We report radiation-induced lattice relaxation of the $$\alpha$$ α -Fe $$_2$$ 2 O $$_3$$ 3 and its associated alteration of particle morphology. The $$\alpha$$ α -Fe $$_2$$ 2 O $$_3$$ 3 was grown in solution by microwave hydrothermal synthesis technique in which more than half of the synthesized material was nanorods with axis along the (001) direction. Five sets of the synthesized $$\alpha$$ α -Fe $$_2$$ 2 O $$_3$$ 3 samples were irradiated using gamma-ray from $$^{60}$$ 60 Co cell with doses of 600 kGy, 700 kGy, 800 kGy, 900 kGy, and 1 MGy. The investigation of the pristine and gamma-irradiated samples was carried out using X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and electron paramagnetic resonance methods. Results showed that continuous alternation of radiation-induced lattice compression and expansion causes lattice relaxation. The morphology of the $$\alpha$$ α -Fe $$_2$$ 2 O $$_3$$ 3 nanorods was found to change with absorbed dose into buckyball-shaped particles in response to the alternation of the compression and expansion strain. The EPR results showed a correlation between distortion in the $$O_h$$ O h – $$FeO_6$$ F e O 6 octahedron structure and the relaxation of the lattice. The synthesis, growth, and relaxation are discussed in detail