Ovarian pregnancy: an unusual presentation

Ovarian pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy and usually, it ends with rupture before the end of the first trimester. The clinical picture generally mimics that of ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy and hemorrhagic ovarian cyst. Transvaginal sonography may be helpful. We report a rare primary ruptured ovarian pregnancy in a 23 years lady

Is it time to move up? Feasibility of medical abortion between 9-13 weeks of gestation

Background: Medical termination of pregnancy act helps to reduce incidence of illegal abortion its dreaded complication like maternal mortality to analyze the safety, efficacy and acceptability of medical regimen in 9-13 weeks of pregnancy.Methods: A prospective study was carried out for a period of two and half years. All patients between 9-13 weeks of pregnancy seeking medical termination of pregnancy were given either medical regimen or surgical abortion depending on patients’ preference. Medical regimen consisted of 200 mg of mifepristone followed by 600 mcg of misoprostol after 48 hours. If required 2nd and 3rd dose of misoprostol was repeated. Surgical abortion was done under sedation after cervical priming with misoprostol.Results: Out of 353 cases of medical termination of pregnancy, 92 cases (26.1%) were between 9-13 weeks of pregnancy. Two cases were excluded as surgical abortion was indicated in them. Out of 90 cases, only 30 cases (33.3%) were willing to participate in randomized controlled trial if needed. Out of 90 cases, 50 (55.6%) preferred surgical abortion, while 40 (44.4%) cases preferred medical abortion. Out of 40 cases of medical abortion, 5% cases required surgical curettage, while 3.8% cases required repeat curettage in surgical group. Minor complication rate was comparable in both groups except for prolonged bleeding, which was significantly higher in medical abortion group. Major complication in the surgical group was uterine perforation (1.9%). After completion of procedure, both group satisfied with same procedure, 92% in medical abortion group and 89% in surgical abortion group.Conclusions: Medical abortion is a safe and effective alternative to surgical abortion between 9-13 weeks of gestation.  It should be included routinely at these gestations, thus increasing women's choice. However randomized controlled trial for medical versus surgical abortion between 9-13 weeks will be difficult to initiate

Aluminium metal matrix composites: A retrospective investigation

Aluminium matrix composites (AMMCs) are considered to be new generation potential materials for many engineering applications. Different kinds of reinforcement have been infused into the aluminium matrix in order to improve hardness, toughness, stiffness, wear resistance, fatigue properties, electrical properties and thermal stability as compared to their conventional unreinforced counterparts. The characteristics of AMMCs depend largely upon the type of reinforcement materials, interface bonding and processing parameters. In this article we have attempted to investigate the development of aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) along with associated challenges and significant application areas

Tribological characterization of eco-designed aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites

47-57In present experimental investigation, wear characteristics of Al 7075-T6/Eggshell/SiC/Al2O3 hybrid composites (Al 7075-T6 as base metal with eggshell particles wt. % 0.5, 1and 1.5, average particle size ~ 60 µm, SiC particles wt. % 1, 1.5 and 2, average particle size ~ 65 µm and Al2O3 particles wt. % 1.5, 2 and 2.5, average particle size ~90 µm) synthesized through electromagnetic stir casting route have been studied at various specimen temperatures under dry and lubricated test conditions. Wear investigations have been conducted on pin-on-disk rotary tribometer at a constant load of 20 N for a sliding speed of 2m/s and sliding distance of 2 km. Tribological attributes of synthesized composites have been evaluated as the function of reinforcements content and mechanical stirring time, as per the design of experiment according to Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. Experimental study has shown that at 30 ºC pin temperature under dry wear condition, among the developed hybrid composites, specimen S8 demonstrated a maximum relative decrease of 60% in wear loss while with lubrication the wear loss has been relatively decreased by 89% as compared to the base metal (specimen S0). At elevated pin temperature of 70 ºC under dry wear condition, the hybrid composite specimen S8 exhibited maximum relative reduction of 82% in wear loss whereas under lubricated condition the wear loss has been relatively reduced by 82% in comparison of their unreinforced counterpart (specimen S0). With exceedingly augmented tribological attributes, the current study strongly rationalizes high temperature wear resistant applications of synthesized aluminium hybrid composites with a total reinforcement weight percentage of 4.5% only (specimen S8).

Parametric optimization of fatigue behaviour of hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites

For various aerospace applications aluminium has emerged as most preferred material due to desirable attributes such as superior strength to density ratio, greater specific strength, better corrosion resistance, high toughness and cost effectiveness. The most desirable characteristics for aerospace materials are ability to withstand elevated temperature and sustain higher fatigue loadings. Current experimental investigation was carried out to explore and optimize fatigue characteristics of hybrid composites developed by infusing particulate reinforcements into aluminium alloy. Eggshell particles (wt% 0.5, 1 and 1.5, average particle size approximate to 60 mu m), Silicon Carbide particles (wt% 1, 1.5 and 2, average particle size approximate to 65 mu m) and Aluminium Oxide particles (wt% 1.5, 2 and 2.5, average particle size approximate to 90 mu m) were reinforced into Al 7075-T6 metal matrix through electromagnetic stir casting route as per L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi's approach in order to synthesize hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites with enhanced fatigue resistance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also conducted to observe the effect of different process parameters on fatigue life of developed composites. Nine hybrid composite specimens and one as-cast Al7075-T6 specimen (in three replications) were prepared in accordance with ASTM E 468/606 and were evaluated for low cycle fatigue resistance at a constant load of 2 kg and constant speed of 500 rpms on rotating beam fatigue testing machine. It was observed that at 30 degrees C temperature, hybrid composite specimens exhibited significant enhancement in fatigue resistance in terms of reversible load cycles survived. The as-cast Al 7075-T6 specimen sustained only 94 load cycles while the highest number of load cycles i.e. 4560 were survived by hybrid composite specimen with Al 7075-T6 as base metal reinforced with 1.5 wt% of eggshell particles, 1.5 wt% of SiC particles and 1.5 wt% of Al2O3 particles (total reinforcement content only 4.5%) and mechanically stirred for 360 s

Women's Participation in the NREGA: Some Observations from Fieldwork in Himachal Pradesh, Kerala and Rajasthan

The broad objective of this study was to understand the reasons behind the wide variations in participation by women in the NREGA and the policy implications that follow. Based on fieldwork in two states where women form a high proportion of the workers, Kerala and Rajasthan, and one where the proportion was low, Himachal Pradesh, emerging policy implications include the need to develop a wider range of activities that acknowledge life cycle issues and bodily ability; in sparsely populated and remote areas a different design or even a cash transfer programme may be better able to meet the objective of assuring minimum income; creation of spaces that allow non?governmental local groups to be participants in implementation and outreach work and not just watchdogs; immediate revision of the schedule of rates and implementing the revised rates to allow better earning, or else payment on a daily wage basis

SYNTHESIS OF SOME NOVEL TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS SCHIFF BASES AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION

Objective: This work involves the synthesis of some novel schiff base derivatives synthesized from p-amino benzoic acid.Methods: A series of 4-[4-(arylidene amino-5-mercapto-4H-[1, 2, 4] triazol-3-yl]-benzoic acid complexes were synthesized from 4-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-[1, 2, 4] triazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid by reaction with different aromatic aldehydes. All the synthesized schiff base derivatives were characterized by using analytical techniques (FT-IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectroscopy). The title compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and anti-fungal activity against (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger).Results: Schiff base derivatives 5(a-h) were synthesized in good yields and showed antimicrobial activity, among them, compounds 5c, 5d, 5e and 5f were significantly active against gram positive, gram negative bacterial and fungal strains and rest of compounds showed moderate to weak activity.Conclusion: The Schiff base obtained showed variation in the antimicrobial and antifungal activity, based on the structure of the substituted aromatic aldehydes

Assessment of Indoor-Outdoor Wi-Fi Radiation on Human Body and its Precise SAR Measurement

744-751There has been a lot of awareness concern about the health hazards of RF electromagnetic radiation on the human body, the radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure assessment needs attention. This paper reports experimentally measured electromagnetic radiation emission from public place Wi-Fi devices. Indoor and outdoor measurements are done at different geographic locations in India. For the indoor assessment, the experiment was carried out in the national physical laboratory (NPL) New Delhi for 1-4 antennas Wi-Fi routers at a distance of 0-10-meter range are taken into consideration. The power density and electrical intensity were measured using a spectrum analyzer with isotropic E-field probe TSEMFB1. For the outdoor measurements, four different Delhi metro stations Wi-fi devices at a distance of 20-meter range towards the train coach and below the Wi-fi routers have been considered. In this experiment, we used an instrument is Narda NBM-550 E-field probe for electric field and radiated power density estimation. In addition, the human whole body 3D model has been simulated in a free space environment, the measured outcome of indoor-outdoor electromagnetic radiation and specific absorption rate (SAR) is compared with the ICNIRP, FCC guideline limits at 2.45-5.87 GHz and precise SAR has been evaluated

Microstructure and Wear Study of Al 7075-T6/Eggshell/SiC/Al2O3 Hybrid Composites

In present experimental investigation, hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites were fabricated using stir casting technique by infusing eggshell particles (0.5, 1 wt%), SiC particles (1, 1.5 wt%) and Al2O3 particles (1.5, 2.5 wt%) into Al 7075-T6 metal matrix. The developed composites were further characterized for microstructures using FESEM, X-ray diffractometry and EDS techniques. Tribological behaviour investigations were carried out using a pin-on-disk tribometer for comparative study between as-cast Al 7075-T6 alloy and Al-7075-T6/Eggshell/SiC/Al2O3 composites. During dry sliding wear test at room temperature, there was a decrease of 33% in wear rate, 20% in coefficient of friction and 20% in frictional force of composites, whereas in presence of lubricant, the developed composites exhibited maximum reduction of 85% in wear rate, 46% in coefficient of friction and 46% in frictional force as compared to their unreinforced counterparts. Due to augmented tribological properties, fabricated hybrid composites can reasonably be used for lightweight wear-resistant applications

WORKPLACE FLEXIBILTY SCENARIO IN HRM PRACTICES INCLUDING GENDER FACILITATIONS

I. INTRODUCTION Discussions of work-life balance begin with employees, as employers and managers seek to interpret and accommodate employee's needs and situations. Necessarily, of course, there must be reference to organisational objectives, but a focus on work-life balance implies a rather softer approach to HRM, beginning with more holistic view of employee. Despite the differing starting points and emphases, there is of course a relationship between the agendas of flexibility and work-life balance. For individuals, flexible working patterns can provide additional opportunities to work, can enable family incomes to be supplemented, and can allow work to be fitted in with family responsibilities. In the experience of most people, no clear-cut distinction can be established between the word of work and the word of family, friends and social network and community. In practice, over the length of our lives it is impossible to establish neatly-constructed demarcation lines. Moreover, the wordbalance-implies the existence of a settled equilibrium that can be achievable between paid employment and a life outside the job. This is highly questionable (Brewster, C.