Turbulence Generation in Inhomogeneous Magnetized Plasma Pertaining to Damping Effects on Wave Propagation

The damping phenomenon is studied due to the collisions of ions and neutral particles and Landau approach on the turbulent spectra of kinetic Alfvén wave (KAW) in magnetized plasma which is inhomogeneous as well. The localization of waves is largely affected by inhomogeneities in plasma which are taken in transverse as well as parallel directions to the ambient magnetic field. There is significant effect of damping on the wave localization and turbulent spectra. Numerical solutions of the equations governing kinetic Alfvén waves in the linear regime give the importance of wave damping phenomena while retaining the effects of Landau (collisionless) damping and ion-neutral collisional damping. A comparative study of the two damping effects reveals that the Landau damping effect is more profound under similar plasma conditions

Analysis of Water Hammer Forming on the Sheet Metal

The most important item in the analysis of a metal forming processes is the determination of the magnitude of the applied energy, since it is a parameter necessary for the design of processing equipment. Another important factor is to know the extent of deformation to which a work piece can be subjected before it fails. So, we ought to know the relationship between the energy and the deformation that it produces. The present paper considers relationship between the energy applied and extent of deformation as well as the variations of the radial strains, hoop strains along the radius under different hydraulic mediums is studied. Keywords: Water Hammer, Metal Forming, Plastic Deformation, sheet metal

Managing Service-Heterogeneity using Osmotic Computing

Computational resource provisioning that is closer to a user is becoming increasingly important, with a rise in the number of devices making continuous service requests and with the significant recent take up of latency-sensitive applications, such as streaming and real-time data processing. Fog computing provides a solution to such types of applications by bridging the gap between the user and public/private cloud infrastructure via the inclusion of a "fog" layer. Such approach is capable of reducing the overall processing latency, but the issues of redundancy, cost-effectiveness in utilizing such computing infrastructure and handling services on the basis of a difference in their characteristics remain. This difference in characteristics of services because of variations in the requirement of computational resources and processes is termed as service heterogeneity. A potential solution to these issues is the use of Osmotic Computing -- a recently introduced paradigm that allows division of services on the basis of their resource usage, based on parameters such as energy, load, processing time on a data center vs. a network edge resource. Service provisioning can then be divided across different layers of a computational infrastructure, from edge devices, in-transit nodes, and a data center, and supported through an Osmotic software layer. In this paper, a fitness-based Osmosis algorithm is proposed to provide support for osmotic computing by making more effective use of existing Fog server resources. The proposed approach is capable of efficiently distributing and allocating services by following the principle of osmosis. The results are presented using numerical simulations demonstrating gains in terms of lower allocation time and a higher probability of services being handled with high resource utilization.Comment: 7 pages, 4 Figures, International Conference on Communication, Management and Information Technology (ICCMIT 2017), At Warsaw, Poland, 3-5 April 2017, http://www.iccmit.net/ (Best Paper Award

Efficacy of anthranilic insecticide E2Y45 20 SC (Chlorantraniliprole) against Plutella xylostella L. in cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. capitata

Experiments were conducted at farmer’s cabbage fields to evaluate the bioefficacy of anthranilic insecticide i.e. E2Y45 20 SC (Chlorantraniliprole) having novel mode of action against the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. E2Y45 20 SC was applied @ 25.0, 37.5 and 50.0 ml/ha and was compared with Padan 50 SP (cartap hydrochloride) @ 500 g/ha and the untreated control. Lowest mean larval population after two sprays was recorded in higher dose of E2Y 45 20 SC i.e. @ 50.0 ml/ha (0.08 larvae/plant) at 7 days after treatment followed by medium and lower dose of E2Y 45 20 SC i.e. @ 37.5ml/ha (0.10 larvae/plant) and 25.0 ml/ha (0.33 larvae/plant). The larval population in these treatments was significantly lower than standard check, Padan 50 SP (2.56 larvae/plant), and untreated control (9.73 larvae/plant). The highest marketable yield (262.89 q/ha) was recorded in E2Y 45 20 SC @ 50.0 ml/ha which was significantly higher than Padan 50 SP (239.65 q/ha). Lowest yields were recorded in untreated control (106.00 q/ha). Conclusively, medium (37.5 ml/ha) and higher (50.0 ml/ha) dose of E2Y 45 20 SC (chlorantraniliprole) significantly reduced the larval population of P. xylostella and increased the cabbage yield

Factors affecting people’s participation in joint forest management programmes in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh, India

The present investigation examined the various factors affecting people's participation in the planning, implementation and maintenance of JFM programmes in the tribal distrct (Kinnaur) of Himachal Pradesh. In total, 10 factors were identified that influence people’s participation in Joint Forest Management (JFM) activities in the study area, which were independently affecting in all of three development blocks. District as a whole factors affecting in decreasing order were Lack of awareness about participatory forest management (66%), lack of co-ordination with forestry officials (64%), non availability of routine funds (56%), lack of training and visit programme (56%), clash between agriculture and JFM activities (54%), lack of emphasis on quick economic activities (49%), improper usufruct sharing (43%) etc. were some of major factors that influenced people’s participation. Policy and development emphasis on these factors, particularly taking into consideration the geography and need based activity in the various development blocks will increase the people’s participation in similar kind of projects

Carbon Sequestration Potential of Pasture-Based Systems Along an Altitudinal Gradient in the North-Western Himalayas

The present investigation was carried out in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh (India) to identify the pasture-based land use systems being practiced by farmers and to find out their carbon sequestration potential along different altitudes. For carrying out the study, the area was divided into four altitudinal ranges viz., zone-I (\u3c1000 m amsl), zone-II (1000-1500 m amsl), zone-III (1500- 2500 m amsl) and zone-IV (\u3e 2500 m amsl), according to agro-ecological zones in the state. Results revealed that the pasture-based systems practiced by the farmers in the altitudinal zone-I and zone-II were silvo-pasture and pastoral-silviculture, while, at altitudinal zone-III and zone-IV, the pasture-based systems being practiced were pastoral-silviculture and horti-pastoral depending upon the composition of the components. The aboveground biomass was found ranging between 27.78- 38.18 Mg ha-1 among different pasture-based land use systems with maximum aboveground biomass under silvo-pasture system and minimum under pastoral-silviculture. Along altitudinal gradient, aboveground biomass was found to have been increased with values varying between 29.09- 34.12 Mg ha-1 . Belowground biomass ranged between 6.93- 9.80 Mg ha-1 in different systems under consideration and generally showed increasing trend with increasing altitude. Overall biological productivity was found to be highest under silvo-pasture system followed by horti-pastoral and pastoral-silviculture system. Being biologically most productive, silvopasture system stored maximum carbon stock and ultimately sequestered more carbon as compared to the other systems. The estimated vegetation carbon sequestration potential of the pasture-based systems was 63.71- 88.06 Mg ha-1 , while, along altitude the carbon sequestration potential varied from 67.14- 78.62 Mg ha-1 showing increasing trend with altitude