Ratiocination over Deliberations in the Fiction of Trio- Anita Desai, Ruth Prawar Jhabvala and Nergis Dalal with special velleity towards relational complexity and ethnocentric intricacy

This paper attempts to analyze how the trio Anita Desai, Ruth Prawar Jhabvala and Nergis Dalal etch fragile human relationship in the wake of contemporary maladies creeping in the society. Attenuated emotional bonds, urge for more space, patriarchal subjugation, rifts in understanding eclipse conjugal harmony and nuptial relations. The trio has chosen to give voice to entangled man-woman relations, incompatibility in marriages, cultural ethnocentrism resulting in marital disharmony, alienation, estrangement, East-west Encounter, Identity Crisis, Familial nuances, Pseudo modernism in Indian society, social life and marital dissonance and feministic seclusion. Draught of female manifestations in Indian English Literature culminates with the foray of Anita Desai, Ruth Jhabwala, Kamla Markandey, Sudha Murthy, Jhumpa Lahiri, Chitra Bannerjee, Kiran Desai, Nergis Dalal etc. who dribbled it with the clear stream of their expressions. The initiation of female authors enlarged the dimension by giving voice to untold miseries, unheard experiences and unwritten encounters. Disparate streams of the works of the three contemporary writers Nergis Dalal, Anita Desai and Ruth Jhabwala sometimes sparkle with the streak of same themes manifested in different style

An Advanced Natural Language Interface to Databases

Database management systems have been widely used for storing and retrieving data. However, databases are difficult to use and there interface is complex and the same is difficult to access. To make it easy for a user to retrieve data, an interface is developed in which a database can be accessed by a user through querying in Hindi language and to get the result in same language. In order to develop an improved Hindi language graphical user interface to database management system. The proposed system can handle single and multiple columns retrieval queries, selection of whole table, conditional queries (between, in), join queries and queries that include nested, functions and logical operators. Since a user should not be able to update or delete data from database so the user is suggest on selection queries

Signal transduction systems of mycobacteria with special reference to M. tuberculosis

Two-component systems and eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr protein kinases comprise major components of the signal transduction machinery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The elucidation of its genome sequence provided a tremendous fillip to their study. Multiple approaches embracing bioinformatics, genetics, biochemistry, cell and molecular biology and animal models are being used to characterize them and to decipher their role in the pathobiology of M. tuberculosis. Several response regulator proteins have been implicated in the survival, multiplication and persistence of M. tuberculosis in animals and cell models of virulence. Six additional mycobacterial genome sequencing projects are at advanced stages of completion. Bioinformatics tools have revealed that the two-component systems, eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr protein kinases and phosphatases are conserved to varying extents in different mycobacteria. This information will provide a jumpstart to their functional analysis. One of the best understood systems among the signal transduction proteins is the DevR-DevS two-component system. Studies from several laboratories have contributed to our present understanding of its role in the hypoxia response of pathogenic and non pathogenic mycobacteria. The current status of our knowledge of this and other signal transduction systems in mycobacteria is the subject of this review

Maternal and fetal outcome in epidural analgesia study

Background: Labour is a highly complex event. Labour may be the most painful experience many women ever encounter. The objective of this study was to study the maternal and fetal outcome in epidural analgesia.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 60 pregnant women. The study group (n = 60) consist of group A (epidural analgesia, n = 60) and group B (control, n = 30).Results: The maternal and fetal outcome in group A and group B were not statistically significant. Mean duration of first stage of labour (minute) was significantly lower in group A as compared to group B (p value <0.001). The duration of second stage of labour was prolonged in group A as compared to group B (p value 0.0137). The modes of delivery (normal, instrumental delivery, LSCS) were not statistically significant in both the groups. The neonatal outcome (Apgar score at 1 minute and 5 minutes) were statistically similar in both groups (P value = 0.569).Conclusions: Epidural analgesia is safe and effective to relieve the labour pain. It has no adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Patients are very comfortable and happy after epidural analgesia

\u3cem\u3eDe Novo\u3c/em\u3e [PSI\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e] Prion Formation Involves Multiple Pathways to Form Infectious Oligomers

Prion and other neurodegenerative diseases are associated with misfolded protein assemblies called amyloid. Research has begun to uncover common mechanisms underlying transmission of amyloids, yet how amyloids form in vivo is still unclear. Here, we take advantage of the yeast prion, [PSI +], to uncover the early steps of amyloid formation in vivo. [PSI +] is the prion form of the Sup35 protein. While [PSI +] formation is quite rare, the prion can be greatly induced by overexpression of the prion domain of the Sup35 protein. This de novo induction of [PSI +] shows the appearance of fluorescent cytoplasmic rings when the prion domain is fused with GFP. Our current work shows that de novoinduction is more complex than previously thought. Using 4D live cell imaging, we observed that fluorescent structures are formed by four different pathways to yield [PSI +] cells. Biochemical analysis of de novo induced cultures indicates that newly formed SDS resistant oligomers change in size over time and lysates made from de novo induced cultures are able to convert [psi −] cells to [PSI +] cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that newly formed prion oligomers are infectious

An insight into risk factors profile of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer patients attending two tertiary care hospitals in Jaipur, India

Background: Oral cancer is the second most prevalent cancers among males in Jaipur city. Assessment of risk factors profile of patients will help the policy makers in initiating new ways to curb the usage of tobacco among masses. The present study aims to find out the risk factors profile of oral and oropharyngeal cancer patients at two hospitals of Jaipur city.Methods: It was a prospective and observational study. The patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited. Data on the demographic profile and clinical information were obtained from hospital and clinical records. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Chi-square test was performed to analyse the data.Results: Out of 400 oral cancer patients included in this study majority of the patients were in the age range of 40-60years and with a significant male preponderance in all the age groups (P <0.05). The most common habit among males and females was chewing. Buccal mucosa was the most commonly affected site followed by tongue. Both males and females were more likely to be diagnosed in stage 3 (p <0.05).Conclusions: There is a need to reduce the burden of this disease by educating the people about various risk factors which play role in oral cancer development

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and normal pregnant women

Background: The aim of this study was to compare vitamin D level in normal pregnant women and patients of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and normal pregnant women.Methods: 50 women affected by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and 50 normal pregnant women more than 20 weeks of gestation, admitted to the ward or to labour room in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, of Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital were enrolled in the study. Assessment of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D was done by chemiluminescent immunoassay method.Results: Serum vitamin D levels were low in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with mean serum vitamin D level 13.66±7.358 ng/ml as compared to normal normotensive pregnant women 21.14±8.241ng/ml, which is statistically significant (p=0.001). Mean vitamin D level in study population was 17.40±8.634 ng/ml. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy group was very high 88% compared to 50% in normal normotensive pregnant women group. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). vitamin D deficiency was found among 69% in study population.  Conclusions: Vitamin D levels are deficient in patients of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy as compared to normal pregnant women. There is increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy suggesting that vitamin D deficiency can be a risk factor for the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Scar endometriosis following caesarean section: a rare case report

Endometriosis is presence of functioning endometrial tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterine cavity. Endometriosis can sometimes occur in previous surgical scar. Scar endometriosis is rare and difficult to diagnose. It mostly follows obstetrical and gynaecological surgeries. We present here a case report of a patient who developed scar endometriosis following a caesarean section which was dealt adequately in the subsequent caesarean section