Role of ICT in the Process of Teaching and Learning

ICT enables self-paced learning through various tools such as assignment, computer etc as a result of this the teaching learning enterprise has become more productive and meaningful. ICT helps facilitate the transaction between producers and users by keeping the students updated and enhancing teachers capacity and ability fostering a live contact between the teacher and the student through e-mail, chalk session, e-learning, web-based learning including internet, intranet, extranet, CD-ROM, TV audio-videotape. Edusat technology has become very powerful media for interactive participation of experts and learners and it reaches the unreachable. Emerging learning Technology (ELT) of bogging, Integrated Learning  Modules, a pod cast, Wikis, Enhancement of Browsers, e-learning, M-learning, U-learning have started making rapid strides in teaching learning processes. Keywords: Web Browsers, Technology enhanced learning, Self paced learning, Instructional software, Interactive learning, Integrated Learning Module, U- learning. E-learning ,M-learning

Location Based Authentication

With the growth of wireless technologies in sectors like the military, aviation, etc, there is a need to determine the authenticity of a genuine user. Today\u27s conventional authentication mechanisms are based on three factors: knowledge, possession and biometrics. These factors are prone to theft, hardware failure, expensive, etc. Consequently, there is a need of a stronger solution. One such solution is Location Based Authentication that considers the location information of a user. The location information is time based and thus hard to steal. However, accuracy of the GPS, signal strength inside the building, etc, affects its potential. Consequently, there is a need to address alternatives. One such alternative is to implement a puzzle-based authentication scheme based on the location information. In the proposed scheme, the server asks dynamic location-based questions and the client answers them based on the proposed route of travel. This scheme strengthens the current authentication mechanisms

Location Based Authentication

With the growth of wireless technologies in sectors like the military, aviation, etc, there is a need to determine the authenticity of a genuine user. Today\u27s conventional authentication mechanisms are based on three factors: knowledge, possession and biometrics. These factors are prone to theft, hardware failure, expensive, etc. Consequently, there is a need of a stronger solution. One such solution is Location Based Authentication that considers the location information of a user. The location information is time based and thus hard to steal. However, accuracy of the GPS, signal strength inside the building, etc, affects its potential. Consequently, there is a need to address alternatives. One such alternative is to implement a puzzle-based authentication scheme based on the location information. In the proposed scheme, the server asks dynamic location-based questions and the client answers them based on the proposed route of travel. This scheme strengthens the current authentication mechanisms

Bicriteria in n x 2 Flow Shop Scheduling Under Specified Rental Policy, Processing Time and Setup Time Each Associated with probabilities Including Job Block

This paper is an attempt to obtains an optimal solution for minimizing the bicriteria taken as minimizing thetotal rental cost of the machines subject to obtain the minimum makespan for n jobs 2 machines flowshopproblem in which the processing times and independent set up times are associated with probabilitiesincluding the job block concept. A heuristic approach method to find optimal or near optimal sequence hasbeen discussed. The proposed method is very simple and easy to understand and also provide an importanttool for the decision makers. A computer programme followed by a numerical illustration is give to clarifythe algorithm.Keywords: Flowshop Scheduling, Heuristic, Processing Time, Set Up Time, Rental Cost and Job Block

Role of gastric aspirate for bacteriological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis in hospitalized pre-school children

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium TB (MTB). India accounts for one-fourth of the global TB burden, i. e., 2.2 million out of 9.6 million new cases annually. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the role of gastric aspirate (GA) for bacteriological confirmation of pulmonary TB (PTB) in hospitalized preschool children. Methods: A total of 66 consecutive preschool children hospitalized for suspected PTB were included in the study. These patients were prospectively evaluated with a detailed medical history, anthropometric assessment, physical examination and relevant investigations, including complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, tuberculin skin test (TST), chest radiograph and GA on three consecutive mornings for smear and culture of MTB. Results: Out of 66 TB suspects, 20 (30.3%) cases were discharged on antitubercular treatment (ATT) based on clinical, laboratory, TST radiological and bacteriological criteria while 46 (69.7%) cases were discharged with an alternative diagnosis. Among cases discharged on ATT, 5 (25%) cases were bacteriologically confirmed on GA smear and culture for acid-fast bacilli (confirmed cases), and 15 (75%) cases were smear negative (probable cases). Out of 5 bacteriologically confirmed cases, 4 (80%) were in the age group 0-2 years, and 1 (20%) case was in the age group 4-6 years. Conclusion: GA remains a useful diagnostic technique for bacteriological confirmation in young children suspected to have PTB, especially in the inpatient setting. It is cheap, simple to perform and requires no special equipment

Status of Surrogacy in India: A Critical Study

Marriage is a social institution. Couples may have their own children via procreation, in the standard course of nature. Unfortunately, infertile couples are unable to have children. The infertility may be either medical or social. There is an underlying urge in every human being to produce biological descendants who will carry on their lineage in society. Although, a barren couple has the task of learning to cope with their lack of children both internally and externally. As a result, they believe they must turn to artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, test-tube babies, as well as surrogacy, amongst other methods, in order to ensure their survival in society. These methods brighten their eyes and satisfy their yearning for genetically identical offspring. These advancements have aided infertile couples and adults in overcoming reproduction difficulties caused by infertility, such as medical reasons, the loss of a spouse, being separated, homosexual couples, or gay couples, among other things. Through this paper, I would like to enlighten on surrogacy. Here we would discuss various aspects like meaning, method, types, socio-legal, ethical issues, and various reproductive techniques. In modern age surrogacy is very popular in the whole world. Therefore, surrogacy is a highly sensitive and delicate issue. Indeed, it is high time to enact a law to regulate surrogacy in India. The present paper is totally based on secondary sources of data such as legal journals, books, magazines, newspapers and websites sources etc