100 research outputs found

    Quantum Drag Forces on a Sphere Moving Through a Rarefied Gas

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    As an application of quantum fluid mechanics, we consider the drag force exerted on a sphere by an ultra-dilute gas. Quantum mechanical diffraction scattering theory enters in that regime wherein the mean free path of a molecule in the gas is large compared with the sphere radius. The drag force is computed in a model specified by the ``sticking fraction'' of events in which a gaseous molecule is adsorbed by the spherical surface. Classical inelastic scattering theory is shown to be inadequate for physically reasonable sticking fraction values. The quantum mechanical scattering drag force is exhibited theoretically and compared with experimental data.Comment: 5 pages no figure

    One- and two-photon resonant spectroscopy of hydrogen and anti-hydrogen atoms in external electric fields

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    The resonant spectra of hydrogen and anti-hydrogen atoms in the presence of an external electric field are compared theoretically. It is shown that nonresonant corrections to the transition frequency contain terms linear in the electric field. The existence of these terms does not violate space and time parity and leads to a difference in the resonant spectroscopic measurements for hydrogen and anti-hydrogen atoms in an external electric field. The one-photon 1s-2p and the two-photon 1s-2s resonances are investigated

    ВлияниС Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ таллия Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ окислСния сплава Zn22Al

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    The article presents the results of a thermogravimetrical study of the effect of thallium alloying additives on the oxidation kinetics of the Zn22Al alloy. Established in the temperature range of 473–623 K the kinetic and energy parameters of the oxidation of alloys. The oxidation of alloys proceeds according to the hyperbolic mechanism and has the order of 10–4 kgβˆ™m‑2βˆ™sec‑1. Higher activation energies indicate that the oxidation of these alloy samples results in the formation of oxide films with good protective properties. Additives of thallium in amounts of 0.01–1.0 wt.% contribute to a decrease in the oxidizability of the Zn22Al alloy. The resulting products during the oxidation of the studied alloys consist of a mixture of oxides ZnO, ZnAl2O4, Al2O3, Tl2O3Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ тСрмогравимСтричСского исслСдования влияния Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ таллия Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ окислСния сплава Zn22Al. Π’ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ 473–623 K установлСны кинСтичСскиС ΠΈ энСргСтичСскиС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ процСсса окислСния сплавов. ОкислСниС сплавов ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎ гипСрболичСскому ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ порядок 10–4 ΠΊΠ³βˆ™ΠΌβ€‘2βˆ™ΡΠ΅ΠΊβ€‘1. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ высокиС значСния энСргий Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ окислСнии Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² сплавов ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ оксидныС ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ с Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ свойствами. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ таллия Π² количСствах 0.01–1.0 мас.% ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ окисляСмости сплава Zn22Al. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ окислСнии ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сплавов состоят ΠΈΠ· смСси оксидов ZnO, ZnAl2O4, Al2O3, Tl2O

    ΠžΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ хирургичСского лСчСния Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ с ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ костСй ΠΈ суставов Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ этиологии

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    Introduction. A decrease in the number of patients with tuberculosis of the bone system coincides with an increase in the number of indications and methods for operational treatment. The continuing development in skeletal tuberculosis surgery techniques determines the search for a material capable of replacing autologous bone. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to enhance the results of treatment of spinal caries to speed up treatment of tuberculous osteomyelitis by applying collagen material and to solve the issues of orthopedic alignment for TB patients.Materials and methods. Surgical treatment was carried out on 32 patients in 2016–2018. The patients were divided into several groups: 18 underwent transpedicular fixation of the spine, 2 had concomitant HIV-infection, 2 underwent necrectomy of vertebral bodies with anterior spondylodesis lift system, 1 underwent necrectomy of vertebral bodies with bone autoplasty and with plate fixation, 2 had cervical spine fixation, while 2 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the humerus traumatic fracture received intramedullary surgery.Results. 31 patients reported a positive dynamic following surgery, while a fatal outcome not connected with the surgery was experienced in one case. Complications included allergic reaction in one case, while three patients developed postoperative wound seroma (both patients having HIV infection). One patient reported pain in the lower extremities following TPF. 3 patients with osteitis underwent necrectomy and filling of cavities with collagen material. Wounds were healed by secondary healing, while no rejection of collagen material took place.Conclusions. Introduction of collagen material in osteitis treatment can speed up fistula healing. The research work demonstrated the possibility of providing trauma care to patients under the conditions of an antitubercular centre.Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. На сСгодняшний дСнь ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ количСства ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ костной систСмы ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ способов ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ лСчСния. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π° костСй опрСдСляСт «поиски Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, способного Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ». Π’ этой связи основная Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹: ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ лСчСния Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спондилита, ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… остСомиСлитов ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ортопСдичСского лСчСния Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ 2016–2018 Π³Π³. хирургичСскоС Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρƒ 32 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ прСдставляли нСсколько Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ: 18 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° транспСдикулярная фиксация ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Ρƒ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ… ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π’Π˜Π§-инфСкция, 2 Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° нСкрэктомия Ρ‚Π΅Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ спондилодСзом Π»ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚-систСмой, 1 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ β€” нСкрэктомия Ρ‚Π΅Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ² с аутопластикой ΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ фиксациСй пластиной, 2 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ β€” фиксация накостной пластиной шСйного ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, 2 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ с Ρ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ травматичСском ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ кости установлСна интрамСдуллярная систСма.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ПослС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡƒ, Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ исход Π±Ρ‹Π» Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС (Π½Π΅ связан с ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ). Из ослоТнСний наблюдались аллСргичСская рСакция Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС, Ρƒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² β€” сСрома послСопСрационной Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ (Ρƒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ). Одна ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° послС ВПЀ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π° появлСниС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синдрома Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ… конСчностях. 3 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ с оститами сдСлана нСкрэктомия, ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° полостСй ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π—Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, отторТСния ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ оститов позволяСт ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ свищСй. Обоснована Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ оказания травматологичСской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² условиях ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ учрСТдСния

    Phase separation in paramagnetic Eu0.6La0.4-xSr xMnO3

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    We investigate the magnetic properties of the system Eu 0.6La0.4-xSrxMnO3 with 0.1≀x≀0.3 by means of magnetic susceptibility and electron spin resonance measurements. Ferromagnetic resonance signals are observed in the paramagnetic regime from above the magnetic ordering temperature TN up to approximately room temperature. This regime is characterized by the coexistence of ferromagnetic entities within the globally paramagnetic phase. The results are compared to the Griffiths scenario reported in La1-xSr xMnO3. Β© 2011 American Physical Society

    Characteristics of the centres of rotavirus and norovirus infections registered within the limits of the industrial city

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    This article shows the retrospective epidemiological analysis of the centres of rotavirus and norovirus infections registered within the limits of Ekaterinburg from 2000 to 2018. The main characteristics of the centres are given, such as long-term trends, distribution by territory and socio-professional groups, rates of focality (level, coefficient and index).Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ рСтроспСктивного эпидСмиологичСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚Π°- ΠΈ норовирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, зарСгистрированных Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π•ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π±ΡƒΡ€Π³ Π·Π° 2000-2018 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π”Π°Π½Ρ‹ основныС характСристики ΠΎΡ‡Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²: многолСтняя Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°, распрСдСлСниС ΠΎΡ‡Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ насСлСния, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ очаговости (ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ, коэффициСнт ΠΈ индСкс очаговости)

    Resistance to antihypertensive therapy in hypertensive patients. The value of the renal and hemodynamic factors

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    In order to assess the significance of renal, renovascular lesions and dysfunctions in the development and progression of severe and resistant to combination antihypertensive therapy (GRA), arterial hypertension (AH) in 286 patients with primary hypertension of 1-3 degrees of severity, including 105 patients from the II century, and Article III. with signs of RAG. Use the classification AG European medical societies ES HI ESC 2013 (6). In 87 patients diagnosed with hypertension 1 severity, age from 27 to 65 years, on average 49,5 Β± 1,4 years, 36 men, women - 51.2 patients with hypertension severity was 82, the age from 34 to 68 years, on average 58,4 Β± 3,0 years, 38 men and women - 44; AH 3 tbsp. -117 people, 49 men, women - 68, age from 42 to 72 years, on average 58,3 Β± 3,8 years. Target values of blood pressure (120/80 mm Hg or less) achieved on such antihypertensive therapy in 87 patients with I st. and 29 with hypertension II degree. - They were 1 study group - PN). Partial normalization of blood pressure - a level not higher than 140/90 mm Hg It was in 65 patients (53 with hypertension II degree, and 12 with Stage III AH.) - Group 2 - CHN. In 105 patients (with Stage II St.- 34 and 83 с Stage III AH. Failed to achieve a sustainable normalization of blood pressure, even when using a 3-4 component complex antihypertensive therapy on the results of blood pressure measurements over 6-8 office hours reached 180 GARDEN and (or) diastolic blood pressure of 110 mm Hg .st. - Group 3 patients - resistant AG (RAG). Resistance for hypertension was considered in cases with SBP above 180 mmHg. Art., Dad - above 110 mm Hg. St., in the absence of normalization on the background of a complex, three-component antihypertensive therapy and the worsening of concomitant coronary, cerebrovascular and renal failure, as well as the progression of visual impairment. We performed a comprehensive study of the function and structure of the MBC, which included urine and urinary sediment analysis by Nechiporenko on Zimnitsky, renal excretion and endogenous creatinine clearance. Diagnostics included dynamic renal scintigraphy, static renal scintigraphy, ultrasound of the kidneys and of the MBC, according to testimony - excretory urography, computed tomography of the adrenal glands, aortography and renal angiography. Found that patients with resistant ongoing combination antihypertensive therapy is different from the patients with stable disease rate of violations absorptive-excretory function - secretion and excretion of one or both kidneys, without significantly reducing function azotovyvedeniya. Renal artery stenosis is 4-5 times more frequently detected in patients with stable and malignant primary hypertension than in patients with labile its passage, and all vascular lesions, including pathology of the infrarenal aorta and the renal vein, almost 2 times more often. A number of forms of congenital and acquired diseases of the renal arteries and veins (7 species) were detected only in patients with resistant hypertension. Identification of the mechanisms of renal and renovascular hypertension severe allow some patients to increase the effectiveness of antihypertensive drug therapy or to achieve complete control of blood pressure.Π‘ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ значимости ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ дисфункций Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ прогрСссировании тяТСлой ΠΈ рСзистСнтной ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (РАГ) Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ (АГ) Ρƒ 286 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ АГ 1 -3 стСпСни тяТСсти, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС Ρƒ 105 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… II ст. ΠΈ III ст. с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ РАГ. Использовали ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ АГ СвропСйских мСдицинских общСств Π•ΠžΠ“/Π•ΠžΠš, 2013 [6]. Π£ 87 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… диагностировали АГ 1 стСпСни тяТСсти, возраст ΠΎΡ‚ 27 Π΄ΠΎ 65 Π»Π΅Ρ‚, Π² срСднСм 49,5+1,4 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ 36, ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ - 5 1 . Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с АГ 2 стСпСни тяТСсти Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ 82 .возраст ΠΎΡ‚ 34 Π΄ΠΎ 68 Π»Π΅Ρ‚, Π² срСднСм 58,4+ 3,0 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ 38 ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ - 44; с АГ 3 ст. -1 1 7 Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ 49, ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ - 68,возраст ΠΎΡ‚ 42 Π΄ΠΎ 72 Π»Π΅Ρ‚, Π² срСднСм 58,3+3,8 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π¦Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ уровня АД (120/80 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‚.ст. ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅) ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ 87 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… I ст. ΠΈ Ρƒ 29 с АГ II ст. - ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ составили 1 Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ исслСдования - ПН). Частичная нормализация АД - с ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ 140/90 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‚.ст. Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρƒ 65 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ( Ρƒ 53 с АГ II ст. ΠΈ Ρƒ 12 с АГ III ст.) - 2 Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° - ЧН. Π£ 105 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… (с АГ II ст.- 34 ΠΈ Ρƒ 83 с АГ III ст. Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ устойчивой Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ АД, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании 3-4 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ комплСксной Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ АД ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ 6-8 офисных ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° сутки достигал БАД 180 ΠΈ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ) ДАД 110ΠΌΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‚ .ст.- 3 Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… - рСзистСнтной АГ (РАГ). РСзистСнтным Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ АГ считали Π² случаях с ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ сАД Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ 180 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‚. ст., дАД - Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ 110 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‚. ст., ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ отсутствии Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ комплСксной, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΠ΄ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ тСчСния ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ, цСрСброваскулярной ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ нСдостаточности, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ прогрСссировании Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ зрСния. Выполняли комплСксноС исслСдованиС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ структуры ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠœΠ’Π‘, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ исслСдованиС ΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ осадка, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎ НСчипорСнко, ΠΏΠΎ Π—ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ клирСнс эндогСнного ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ диагностика Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠœΠ’Π‘, ΠΏΠΎ показаниям - ΡΠΊΡΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π°ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ сосудов ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ. Установили, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с рСзистСнтных ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… со ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ заболСвания частота Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ - сСкрСции ΠΈ экскрСции ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, Π±Π΅Π· сущСствСнного сниТСния Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ азотовывСдСния. Π‘Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Π² 4-5 Ρ€Π°Π· Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… со ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ злокачСствСнной ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с Π»Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π° всС сосудистыС пораТСния, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π°ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Π½, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ Π² 2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ ряд Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π½ (7 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²) Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с рСзистСнтной Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π˜Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² тяТСлой Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ позволяла Ρƒ части Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ контроля АД

    Monitoring of the operating parameters of the KATRIN Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source

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    The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment will measure the absolute mass scale of neutrinos with a sensitivity of mnu = 200 meV/c2 by high-precision spectroscopy close to the tritium beta-decay endpoint at 18.6 keV. Its Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source (WGTS) is a beta-decay source of high intensity (1011 sβˆ’1) and stability, where high-purity molecular tritium at 30 K is circulated in a closed loop with a yearly throughput of 10 kg. To limit systematic effects the column density of the source has to be stabilized at the 10βˆ’3 level. This requires extensive sensor instrumentation and dedicated control and monitoring systems for parameters such as the beam tube temperature, injection pressure, gas composition and so on. In this paper, we give an overview of these systems including a dedicated laser-Raman system as well as several beta-decay activity monitors. We also report on the results of the WGTS demonstrator and other large-scale test experiments giving proof-of-principle that all parameters relevant to the systematics can be controlled and monitored on the 10βˆ’3 level or better. As a result of these works, the WGTS systematics can be controlled within stringent margins, enabling the KATRIN experiment to explore the neutrino mass scale with the design sensitivity
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