3,932 research outputs found
Kinematic Self-Similar Plane Symmetric Solutions
This paper is devoted to classify the most general plane symmetric spacetimes
according to kinematic self-similar perfect fluid and dust solutions. We
provide a classification of the kinematic self-similarity of the first, second,
zeroth and infinite kinds with different equations of state, where the
self-similar vector is not only tilted but also orthogonal and parallel to the
fluid flow. This scheme of classification yields twenty four plane symmetric
kinematic self-similar solutions. Some of these solutions turn out to be
vacuum. These solutions can be matched with the already classified plane
symmetric solutions under particular coordinate transformations. As a result,
these reduce to sixteen independent plane symmetric kinematic self-similar
solutions.Comment: 29 pages, accepted for publication in Classical Quantum Gravit
Spherically Symmetric Gravitational Collapse
In this paper, we discuss gravitational collapse of spherically symmetric
spacetimes. We derive a general formalism by taking two arbitrary spherically
symmetric spacetimes with . Israel's junction conditions are used to
develop this formalism. The formulae for extrinsic curvature tensor are
obtained. The general form of the surface energy-momentum tensor depending on
extrinsic curvature tensor components is derived. This leads us to the surface
energy density and the tangential pressure. The formalism is applied to two
known spherically symmetric spacetimes. The results obtained show the regions
for the collapse and expansion of the shell.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Mod. Phys. Lett.
E-government evaluation: Reflections on three organisational case studies
The deployment of e-Government continues at a
significant cost and pace in the worldwide public sector.
An important area of research is that of the evaluation of
e-Government. In this paper the authors report the
findings from three interpretive in-depth organisational
case studies that explore e-Government evaluation within
UK public sector settings. The paper elicits insights to
organisational and managerial aspects with the aim of
improving knowledge and understanding of e-
Government evaluation. The findings that are
extrapolated from the analysis of the three case studies
are classified and mapped onto a tentative e-Government
evaluation framework and presented in terms lessons
learnt. These aim to inform theory and improve e-
Government evaluation practice. The paper concludes
that e-Government evaluation is an under developed area
and calls for senior executives to engage more with the e-
Government agenda and commission e-Government
evaluation exercises to improve evaluation practice
Energy-Momentum Distribution: A Crucial Problem in General Relativity
This paper is aimed to elaborate the problem of energy-momentum in General
Relativity. In this connection, we use the prescriptions of Einstein,
Landau-Lifshitz, Papapetrou and M\"{o}ller to compute the energy-momentum
densities for two exact solutions of Einstein field equations. The spacetimes
under consideration are the non-null Einstein-Maxwell solutions and the
singularity-free cosmological model. The electromagnetic generalization of the
G\"{o}del solution and the G\"{o}del metric become special cases of the
non-null Einstein-Maxwell solutions. It turns out that these prescriptions do
not provide consistent results for any of these spacetimes. These inconsistence
results verify the well-known proposal that the idea of localization does not
follow the lines of pseudo-tensorial construction but instead follows from the
energy-momentum tensor itself. These differences can also be understood with
the help of the Hamiltonian approach.Comment: 28 pages, accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys.
Modeling highly pathogenic avian influenza transmission in wild birds and poultry in West Bengal, India.
Wild birds are suspected to have played a role in highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks in West Bengal. Cluster analysis showed that H5N1 was introduced in West Bengal at least 3 times between 2008 and 2010. We simulated the introduction of H5N1 by wild birds and their contact with poultry through a stochastic continuous-time mathematical model. Results showed that reducing contact between wild birds and domestic poultry, and increasing the culling rate of infected domestic poultry communities will reduce the probability of outbreaks. Poultry communities that shared habitat with wild birds or those indistricts with previous outbreaks were more likely to suffer an outbreak. These results indicate that wild birds can introduce HPAI to domestic poultry and that limiting their contact at shared habitats together with swift culling of infected domestic poultry can greatly reduce the likelihood of HPAI outbreaks
Phantom Energy Accretion by Stringy Charged Black Hole
We investigate the dynamical behavior of phantom energy near stringy
magnetically charged black hole. For this purpose, we derive equations of
motion for steady-state spherically symmetric flow of phantom energy onto the
stringy magnetically charged black hole. It is found that phantom energy
accreting onto black hole decreases its mass. Further, the location of critical
points of accretion is explored, which yields mass to charge ratio. This ratio
implies that accretion process cannot transform a black hole into an extremal
black hole or a naked singularity, hence cosmic censorship hypothesis remains
valid here.Comment: 7 pages, no figur
E-Government Evaluation: Reflections on two Organisational studies
Senior executives in public sector organisations have been charged with delivering an e-Government agenda. A key emerging area of research is that of the evaluation of e-Government, given that economic factors have traditionally dominated any traditional ICT evaluation process. In this paper the authors report the findings from two interpretive in-depth case studies in the UK public sector, which explore e-Government organisational evaluation within a public sector setting. This paper seeks to offer insights to organisational and managerial aspects surrounding the improvement of knowledge and understanding of e-Government evaluation. The findings that are elicited from the case studies are analysed and presented in terms of a framework derived from organisational analysis to improve e-Government evaluation, with key lessons learnt being extrapolated from practice. The paper concludes that e-Government evaluation is both an under developed and under managed area, and calls for senior executives to engage more with the e-Government agenda and for organisations to review e-Government evaluation to improve evaluation practice
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A supplier selection strategy within the Malaysian telecommunications industry
The telecommunication industry in Malaysia has grown rapidly over the last 15 years, with effective supply chain management becoming increasing important within the sector. A multitude of providers and part owned Malaysian government companies, vendors and suppliers are involved in generating and creating value-adding products and services within this sector (across wireless, wireline, broadband business and consumer lines of business). This paper describes key challenges facing a major telecoms service provider in Malaysia with regards to drivers involved in the overall procurement and supplier selection with regards to components of performance management, decision-making, selection techniques, quality and cost management, procurement policy and procurement ethics. This paper further focuses on defining and detailing research currently being undertaken to develop a framework for identifying supplier selection drivers that are inherent within the sector and suggests a research approach to investigate and develop strategies for supplier selection for the telecommunications industry in Malaysia
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Road Traffic Forecasting: A Review of Current Research
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionising global businesses and permanently changing industries forever; it has become an integral part of our daily lives, and the potential of this technology goes beyond home or personal use, as artificial intelligence continues to make great traction in transforming the future of humanity. The use of AI in traffic forecasting in particular and transportation planning in general, has gained attention in recent years due to its flexibility and ability to solve complex problems. However, research has shown that there is a gap in AI applications for longer terms forecasts, as most research focuses on real-time data analysis or within shorty or very short term where the vehicles are already presented within the road network. This research paper reviews the current state of AI applications in traffic forecasting, highlighting the challenges and opportunities
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Dealing with propositional ambiguity in business process improvement
If it is true that people express their views about organisational issues in ambiguous terms then one needs to address this ambiguity instead of the âproblemsâ to find an appropriate methodological approach to resolving or dissolving problem situations in the organisation. This paper highlights and discusses those issues, which therefore relate to ambiguityin relation to decision making tasks within organisations, and the related Soft Systems Methodology / Systems Thinking school of thought, which traditionally constrains such ambiguities. A model of these issues is presented in terms of the Business Process Improvement (BPI) task to highlight these interdependencies
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