A Review on Fluconazole

The improvement of a significant dissolution manner for drug merchandise with restrained water solubility has been a project to the pharmaceutical industry. fluconazole (BCS Class 1 drug) is an anti-fungal drug. There isn\u27t any reputable dissolution medium to be had withinside the literature. In the prevailing study, parameters inclusive of solubility, medium pH, surfactant type, dissolution behaviour of formulations, impact of sink situations, stability, and discriminatory impact of dissolution checking out had been studied for the choice of a right dissolution medium. Results of solubility facts found out that solubility elevated with a growth in pH. The drug and advertised formulations had been strong withinside the dissolution media used. An agitation velocity of fifty rpm confirmed a greater discriminating drug launch profile than seventy-five rpm. The discriminating dissolution technique for fluconazole components is paddle at 50 rpm, 900 mL pH 6.8 phosphate buffer, more than 80% of the label quantity is launched over 60 minutes

Environmental Influence of Soil toward Effective Vermicomposting

Vermicomposting is a process by which the organic waste is converted into manure with the help of earthworms. Growth rate, onset of maturity (clitellum development), rate of reproduction (cocoon production) and population buildup of earthworm during vermicomposting have been depend upon the conditions like temperature, moisture and physico-chemical properties of the feed mixtures. Eisenia fetida was superior to other epigeic species and tolerate wide range of temperature, moisture and pH. Endogeic species produced lesser cocoon than epigeic species and cocoon production decreased at low temperature. Maintenance of temperature and moisture content is the critical step for vermicomposting. Growth and maturation of earthworms was best at 20–25°C temperature with 80–85% moisture content. Increase temperature upto 30°C accelerated growth rate of earthworms and lessened the time to sexual maturity. Earthworms can survive in the soil contaminated with heavy metals by accumulating heavy metals in their tissues

A COMPLETE AND UPDATED REVIEW ON VARIOUS TYPES OF DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

The World of medicine has gained considerable interest in the research area all over the World. Scientists constantly work on the three parameters ‘Quality, Safety, Efficacy’ of a pharmaceutical ingredient. Refine these parameters; they are continually developing different dosage forms. These unique types of dosage forms help to provide improved bioavailability and efficacy of a pharmaceutical ingredient. The role of dosage form is to improve the availability of the medicine to treat the symptoms and disease. This article focus on the different types of dosage forms, their advantages and some important facts related to that dosage forms

A Review on Solid Dispersion

The majority of patients prefer to take their medications orally. However, many drugs\u27 limited usage in oral administration is a result of their poor solubility. One important element that influences the rate of dissolution and bioavailability is solubility. Increasing the pace at which weakly water-soluble substances dissolve through solid dispersion is useful. medicines, hence affecting its bioavailability. This study focuses on different approaches to solid dispersion preparation, their benefits and significant difficulties

A systematic literature review: Refactoring for disclosing code smells in object oriented software

Context: Reusing a design pattern is not always in the favor of developers. Thus, the code starts smelling. The presence of “Code Smells” leads to more difficulties for the developers. This racket of code smells is sometimes called Anti-Patterns. Objective: The paper aimed at a systematic literature review of refactoring with respect to code smells. However the review of refactoring is done in general and the identification of code smells and anti-patterns is performed in depth. Method: A systematic literature survey has been performed on 238 research items that includes articles from leading Conferences, Workshops and premier journals, theses of researchers and book chapters. Results: Several data sets and tools for performing refactoring have been revealed under the specified research questions. Conclusion: The work done in the paper is an addition to prior systematic literature surveys. With the study of paper the attentiveness of readers about code smells and anti-patterns will be enhanced. Keywords: Code smells, Anti-patterns, Refactorin

Prenatal Exposure to Air Pollutants and Attentional Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Development in Children: A Systematic Review

Up to 9.5% of the world’s population is diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), making it one of the most common childhood disorders. Air pollutants could be considered an environmental risk condition for ADHD, but few studies have specifically investigated the effect of prenatal exposure. The current paper reviews the studies conducted on the association between prenatal air pollutants (PM, NOx, SO2, O3, CO and PAH) and ADHD development in children. From the 890 studies searched through PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, 15 cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. NOS and WHO guidelines were used for quality and risk of bias assessment. The accumulative sample was 589,400 of children aged 3–15 years. Most studies reported an association between ADHD symptoms and prenatal PAH and PM exposure. Data available on NO2 and SO2 were inconsistent, whereas the effect of CO/O3 is barely investigated. We observed heterogeneity through an odd ratio forest plot, and discrepancies in methodologies across the studies. Eight of the fifteen studies were judged to be of moderate risk of bias in the outcome measurement. In a nutshell, future studies should aim to minimize heterogeneity and reduce bias by ensuring a more representative sample, standardizing exposure and outcome assessments

Timing of referral to outpatient palliative care for patients with haematologic malignancies

Outpatient palliative-care facilitates timely supportive-care access; however, there is a paucity of studies on the timing of referral in the outpatient setting for patients with haematologic malignancy. We examined the trend in timing of outpatient palliative-care referrals over a 10-year period in patients with haematologic malignancies at our comprehensive cancer centre. We included consecutive patients with a diagnosis of haematologic malignancy who were seen at our outpatient palliative-care clinic between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019. We collected data on patient characteristics, symptom burden and supportive-care interventions at outpatient palliative-care consultation. The primary outcome was time from outpatient palliative-care consultation to death or last follow-up. In all, 384 patients were referred by leukaemia (n = 143), lymphoma (n = 213), and stem cell transplant (n = 28) services. The median time from outpatient palliative-care referral to death was 3.4 years (IQR 2.4-5.3) with a significant increase in both the number of referrals per year (p = 0.047) and the timing of referral between 2010 and 2019 (p = 0.001). Patients with haematologic malignancies were referred in a timely fashion to our outpatient palliative-care clinic, with earlier and greater numbers of referrals over time