Co-Curricular Activities and Achievement in Language Learning of Secondary School Students in Nigeria

English as a Second Language (ESL) students in Nigeria lack access to interact with the native speakers of English, but with co-curricular activities they can be good speakers of English language. This paper investigates the impact of co-curricular activities out-side the classroom on Secondary School Students’ achievement in Nigeria. Out-of-classroom events can be devised by schools to make students feel that they are surrounded by the language if they participate in active use of the language among themselves during activities like games, debating, press updates, social gathering, etc. The variables that were considered in the study were Press club and Literary and Debating society, the involvement period, and their academic achievement. Eight out of 17 secondary schools were randomly selected with one hundred students from each school. The questionnaires for the data collection relate students’ personal data and twelve questions on press club and literary and debating society. The mock examination results show that there is a positive significant influence in co-curricular activities on senior secondary school students’ academic achievement in English. The result of this study shows that students who spend longer time in participating in the activities perform tremendously better than other students who spend less time or do not participate at all in the activities in English, and they perform academically better as well and speak English language fluently

The Use of Frame Story in Kashmira Sheth’s Boys without Names

Authors for young adult literature often present their tales directly through the voice of the story narrators. However, Kashmira Sheth, in her Boys without Names, seeks to present her tale, specifically the issue of child labor, through the use of frame stories which are recounted by two or more narrators. Through frame stories, the authors are able to raise the readers’ awareness of child labor. This paper, through narrative theory, sets out to examine the function of frame stories in young adult literature and explores how Kashmira Sheth employs this literature to impart wisdom and the importance of being mindful of other people. The study found that frame stories have a remarkable impact on how the young readers comprehend the themes prevalent in Boys without Names.  Frame stories also allow the author to convey moral messages and good virtues to the young adult audience. The use of fables also entertains and amuses the readers. Finally, by incorporating multiple narrators in this novel, the author is able not only to depict the issue of child labor from various perspectives; she also expands insights on child labor and confirms the credibility and reliability of the literary text.Keywords: child labor, fables, frame stories, young adult literatur

The Use of Frame Story in Kashmira Sheth’s Boys without Names

Authors for young adult literature often present their tales directly through the voice of the story narrators. However, Kashmira Sheth, in her Boys without Names, seeks to present her tale, specifically the issue of child labor, through the use of frame stories which are recounted by two or more narrators. Through frame stories, the authors are able to raise the readers’ awareness of child labor. This paper, through narrative theory, sets out to examine the function of frame stories in young adult literature and explores how Kashmira Sheth employs this literature to impart wisdom and the importance of being mindful of other people. The study found that frame stories have a remarkable impact on how the young readers comprehend the themes prevalent in Boys without Names.  Frame stories also allow the author to convey moral messages and good virtues to the young adult audience. The use of fables also entertains and amuses the readers. Finally, by incorporating multiple narrators in this novel, the author is able not only to depict the issue of child labor from various perspectives; she also expands insights on child labor and confirms the credibility and reliability of the literary text. Keywords: child labor, fables, frame stories, young adult literatur