Castration does not significantly modulate levels of CD4+ IFN-γ+ and CD8+ IFN-γ+ T cells.

<p>The effect of castration was examined on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from spleen and lymph node of ungrafted and grafted, antibody-treated animals. Intracellular IFN-γ was examined two weeks after skin graft. Castration was performed 30 days before skin graft. In the absence of a skin graft, castration reduced the % of IFN-γ+ T cells in the lymph node, however, overall, castration did not significantly affect the percentages of IFN-γ production. </p

In contrast to young recipients, aged recipients are resistant to transplant tolerance induction.

<p>Young C57BL/6 recipients (less than 3-months of age) and aged C57BL/6 recipients (over 12-months of age) reject C3H/HeJ skin graft at same tempo. When treated with anti-CD45RB and anti-CD154 antibodies, 50% of skin grafts survive over 80 days. In contrast, antibody-treated aged recipients reject quickly (aged MST = 16.5 days versus young MST = 87.5 days, p>0.001**).</p

Young and aged animals exhibit similar levels of IL-10 production.

<p>Spleen was examined for B220, CD4, CD8, and IL-10. Y-axis indicates percentage of B220+, CD4+, or CD8+ cells that were IL-10+. At least two to three animals were examined independently per group. </p

Neutralizing anti-interferon-γ antibody does not prolong graft survival in aged recipients.

<p>C57BL/6 mice received C3H skin grafts and were treated with anti-CD40L/anti-CD45RB antibodies with or without anti-interferon-γ antibodies (low dose at 200 ug or high dose at 600 ug). All antibodies were injected every other day for one week starting on the day of transplant. </p

Memory T, not naive T, exhibit elevated production of IFN-γ, in young and old animals.

<p>(<b>A</b>) CD4 and CD8 memory T cells expand in aged animals. Young and aged animals, with and without skin graft, were examined for memory T cells 14 days post-transplant. At least two to three animals were examined independently per group. (<b>B</b>) Splenocytes were examined for CD4, CD8, CD44, and IFN-γ expression. Tnaive cells were gated as CD4+ CD44low or CD8+ CD44low, while Tmem were gated as CD44hi. The percentage of IFN-γ+ cells is plotted on the y-axis. At least two to three animals were examined independently per group. </p

A higher percentage of both CD4 and CD8 T cells from aged animals produce IFN-γ relative to those from young animals.

<p>Spleen and lymph node (LNC) from naive animals, grafted animals, and grafted, anti-CD45RB / anti-CD154-treated animals were examined 14 days after transplant, p<0.05*. Representative FACS plots are shown, <i>bottom</i>. 2 to 3 animals were examined independently in each group. </p

Comparison of Characteristics in pregnant Chinese women.

<p>Data are presented as (mean ± SD).</p

Association between genetic variants of <i>MNTR1B</i> and gestational plasma glucose in pregnant Chinese woman.

<p>Data are presented as (mean ± SD); Location information downloaded from <a href="http://asia.ensemble.org" target="_blank">http://asia.ensemble.org</a>; the risk allele of the variant is showed in bold; No transformation was applied to normalize the glucose levels (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0040113#pone.0040113.s001" target="_blank">Fig. S1</a>); <i>p</i> values were not corrected for multiple comparisons.</p>a<p>Calculated using multiple regression, assuming an additive model adjusted for age and BMI.</p>b<p>Calculated using logistic regression, assuming an additive model adjusted for age and BMI.</p

The <i>MTNR1B</i> gene structure and Haploview plot for 4 <i>MTNR1B</i> variants.

<p>The <i>MTNR1B</i> gene structure with the location of the variants studied (A) and pairwise D′ Haploview plot for the 4 <i>MTNR1B</i> variants was shown; R-squared was also displayed for LD values. B. based on our data for glucose tolerance status in pregnant Chinese women. C. Europeans. D. Han Chinese in Beijing. E. Chinese in Metropolitan Denver. 88×68 mm (600×600DPI).</p

Baboon platelets aggregation in different pig cells.

<p>Baboon platelets (2×10⁸) were mixed with (a) pig hepatocytes, (b) pig aortic endothelial cells and (c) pig liver endothelial cells separately (2×10⁶).Mild platelet aggregation was observed, corresponding to 10.8±0.7%, 10.5±0.4%, and 10.4±0.4%. There was no significant difference between these various groups (<i>P</i>>0.05).</p