Analyses of DGGE banding patterns (PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments) in microcosms established with indigenous prey species and reference strains.

<p>Microcosms were established in DB6 water and samples were taken at various time points. (A) Microcosms spike with <i>Vv</i> and <i>Vv</i>2. (B) Microcosms spiked with <i>Vp</i> and <i>Vibrio sp.</i> (VB). (C) Microcosms inoculated with <i>Pseudoalteromonas sp.</i> (PSAM) and <i>Photobacterium sp.</i> (PHBT). Open circles indicate the excised and sequenced bands.</p

Measurements of environmental parameters of water samples collected to establish microcosm experiments.

<p>Measurements of environmental parameters of water samples collected to establish microcosm experiments.</p

Numbers of <i>Bacteriovorax</i> from the microcosms established with native bacteria and reference strains (<i>Vv</i>,<i>Vp</i>), respectively.

<p>Microcosms were established in DB6 water. Bars indicate standard errors of the mean (N = 3).</p

Analyses of DGGE banding patterns (PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments) in microcosms amended with freshwater species and the reference strains.

<p>Microcosms were established in DB4 water and samples were taken at various time points. (A) Microcosms amended with <i>Vv</i> and <i>Vp</i> as reference prey. (B) Microcosms established with <i>V. cholera</i> (Vc), <i>E. coli</i> (Ec) and <i>P. putida</i> (Pp). Lanes labeled pre-spike, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 120 h indicate the time points at which the samples were removed from the microcosm. Open circles indicate the excised and sequenced bands.</p

Identification of bacteria (based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the nearest neighbor from NCBI database) in samples retrieved from microcosms established with freshwater bacteria in DB4 water (See Fig. 6 for position of the bands).

<p>Identification of bacteria (based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the nearest neighbor from NCBI database) in samples retrieved from microcosms established with freshwater bacteria in DB4 water (See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034174#pone-0034174-g006" target="_blank">Fig. 6</a> for position of the bands).</p

Numbers of <i>Bacteriovorax</i> from microcosms amended with three freshwater bacteria and the reference strains (<i>Vv</i>,<i>Vp</i>) respectively.

<p>Microcosms were established in DB4 waters. Samples were taken at various time intervals. Bars indicate standard errors of the mean (N = 3).</p

Kinetics of the lysis of indigenous saltwater prey by <i>Bacteriovorax</i> over time.

<p>Both test (with <i>predators</i>) and control (without <i>predators</i>) microcosms were established in DB6 water and cell density was measured by OD. Bars indicate standard errors of the mean (N = 3).</p

Kinetics of the lysis of freshwater prey species and reference strains (<i>Vv</i>,<i>Vp</i>) by <i>Bacteriovorax</i>.

<p>Both test (with <i>predators</i>) and control (without <i>predators</i>) microcosms were established in DB4 water and measurements of cell density in both were taken by OD. Bars indicate standard errors of the mean of three replicates; in some cases bars are too small to be visible.</p

Identification of bacteria (based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the nearest neighbor from NCBI database) in samples retrieved from microcosms established with indigenous saltwater prey species in DB6 water (See Fig. 7 for position of the bands).

<p>Identification of bacteria (based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the nearest neighbor from NCBI database) in samples retrieved from microcosms established with indigenous saltwater prey species in DB6 water (See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034174#pone-0034174-g007" target="_blank">Fig. 7</a> for position of the bands).</p

Predominant <i>Bacteriovorax</i> OTUs recovered from the microcosms established with freshwater prey and reference strains.

<p>Microcosms were amended with <i>Vv</i> (A), <i>Vp</i> (B), <i>V. cholera</i> (<b>C</b>), <i>E. coli</i> (D) and <i>P. putida</i> (E). Clusters based on 96.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity are numbered consistently with previous reports <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034174#pone.0034174-Davidov1" target="_blank">[9]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034174#pone.0034174-Pineiro1" target="_blank">[16]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034174#pone.0034174-Pineiro2" target="_blank">[17]</a>.</p