Injury Prevention Messaging

The objective of this project was to identify which modalities are used to disseminate information by injury prevention organizations in Canada. This knowledge would assist BCIRPU in developing a modality for communicating injury prevention research findings with decision makers in the Regional Health Authorities. The goal was to review dissemination research messaging modalities by other injury prevention organizations in Canada to determine which content and format are the most effective at reaching injury prevention decision makers.Other UBCUnreviewedResearche

BC Injury Atlas : Injuries in British Columbia, 2006-2010

Rates were calculated per 100,000 population for age, sex, year, leading cause of injury and Health Service Delivery Area. Age-specific rates are used throughout the report. Additional analyses were conducted by comparing the age standardized rates over time. To show differences in age structures across regions, rates were standardized using Canada ‘91 population as the standard population. The age-specific rates were calculated by dividing the number of cases in each age group by the population of that specific age group. Age-standardized rates were calculated using a reference population of known age distribution called a standard population to adjust for variations in population age structures among the different Health Authority geographic areas. Regression analysis was used to test the significance for the trends. A p value <0.05 was used to determine significance.Medicine, Faculty ofOther UBCPediatrics, Department ofUnreviewedFacultyResearche

Measuring Impacts of Young Worker Injury Prevention Programs : Literature Review

The specific objectives of this review are to: review established epidemiological trends in the international literature on young worker injuries; highlight the metrics used to measure the impact of young worker injury prevention programs or workplace safety initiatives; categorize these metrics into three domains; and summarize the main themes emerging in each domain and discuss the main gaps in the literature.Medicine, Faculty ofOther UBCPediatrics, Department ofUnreviewedFacultyResearche

Developing injury indicators for First Nations and Inuit children and youth in Canada : a modified Delphi approach

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to take the initial step in developing valid indicators that reflect the injury issues facing First Nations and Inuit children and youth in Canada. Methods: Using a modified-Delphi process, relevant expert and community stakeholders rated each indicator on its perceived usefulness and ability to prompt action to reduce injury among children and youth in indigenous communities. The Delphi process included 5 phases and resulted in a refined set of 27 indicators. Results: Indicators related to motorized vehicle collisions, mortality and hospitalization rates were rated the most useful and most likely to prompt action. These were followed by indicators for community injury prevention training and response systems, violent and inflicted injury, burns and falls, and suicide. Conclusion: The results suggest that a broad-based modified-Delphi process is a practical and appropriate method, within the OCAP™ (Ownership, Control, Access and Possession) principles, for developing a proposed set of indicators for injury prevention activity focused on First Nations and Inuit children and youth. Following additional work to validate and populate the indicators, it is anticipated that communities will utilize them to monitor injury and prompt decisions and action to reduce injuries among children and youth.Pediatrics, Department ofMedicine, Faculty ofNon UBCReviewedFacultyResearche

The British Columbia Casebook for Injury Prevention

This Casebook makes the case for injury prevention in British Columbia (BC). Injury prevention addresses premature death and greatly reduces the frequency and severity of injuries. When sustained resources are available and collaborative efforts that use multiple strategies are applied, injuries can be prevented.Medicine, Faculty ofOther UBCPediatrics, Department ofUnreviewedFacultyResearche

Applying the health action process approach to bicycle helmet use and evaluating a social marketing campaign

Background Bicycle injuries are of concern in Canada. Since helmet use was mandated in 1996 in the province of British Columbia, Canada, use has increased and head injuries have decreased. Despite the law, many cyclists do not wear a helmet. Health action process approach (HAPA) model explains intention and behaviour with self-efficacy, risk perception, outcome expectancies and planning constructs. The present study examines the impact of a social marketing campaign on HAPA constructs in the context of bicycle helmet use. Method A questionnaire was administered to identify factors determining helmet use. Intention to obey the law, and perceived risk of being caught if not obeying the law were included as additional constructs. Path analysis was used to extract the strongest influences on intention and behaviour. The social marketing campaign was evaluated through t-test comparisons after propensity score matching and generalised linear modelling (GLM) were applied to adjust for the same covariates. Results 400 cyclists aged 25–54 years completed the questionnaire. Self-efficacy and Intention were most predictive of intention to wear a helmet, which, moderated by planning, strongly predicted behaviour. Perceived risk and outcome expectancies had no significant impact on intention. GLM showed that exposure to the campaign was significantly associated with higher values in self-efficacy, intention and bicycle helmet use. Conclusion Self-efficacy and planning are important points of action for promoting helmet use. Social marketing campaigns that remind people of appropriate preventive action have an impact on behaviour.Pediatrics, Department ofMedicine, Faculty ofOther UBCNon UBCReviewedFacultyResearcherGraduat

An evaluation of evidence-based paediatric injury prevention policies across Canada

Background: Policies to reduce injury among Canadians can be controversial and there is variability in the enactment of injury prevention laws across the country. In general, laws are most effective when they are based on good research evidence, supported by widespread public awareness and education, and maintained by consistent enforcement strategies. The purpose of this study was to document and compare key informants’ perceptions of the quality, awareness, and enforcement of three evidence-based paediatric injury prevention policies (bicycle helmet legislation, child booster seat legislation, graduated driver licensing) among Canadian provinces and territories. Results: Thirty-eight key informants responded to the bicycle helmet survey, with 73 and 35 key informants for the booster seat and graduated driver licensing surveys, respectively. Respondent’s perceptions of the policies varied substantially. Key informants indicated that residents are not always aware of legislation, and legislation is not consistently enforced. These results suggest that child health policy is not always guided by evidence. Conclusions: There was variation between evidence and the policies related to paediatric injury prevention among Canadian provinces and territories. Experts generally rate their policies more highly when they align with evidence and best practice. There is room for improvement and harmonization of injury prevention policies.Medicine, Faculty ofOther UBCNon UBCPediatrics, Department ofPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofReviewedFacultyResearche

Youth injury prevention in Canada : use of the Delphi method to develop recommendations

Background: The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Survey is one of very few cross-national health surveys that includes information on injury occurrence and prevention within adolescent populations. A collaboration to develop a Canadian youth injury report using these data resulted in, Injury among Young Canadians: A national study of contextual determinants. The objective of this study was to develop specific evidence-based, policy-oriented recommendations arising from the national report, using a modified-Delphi process with a panel of expert stakeholders. Method: Eight injury prevention experts and a 3-person youth advisory team associated with a Canadian injury prevention organization (Parachute Canada) reviewed, edited and commented on report recommendations through a three-stage iterative modified-Delphi process. Results: From an initial list of 27 draft recommendations, the modified-Delphi process resulted in a final list of 19 specific recommendations, worded to resonate with the group(s) responsible to lead or take the recommended action. Two recommendations were rated as “extremely important” or “very important” by 100 % of the expert panel, two were deleted, a further two recommendations were deleted but the content included as text in the report, and four were merged with other existing recommendations. Conclusions: The modified-Delphi process was an appropriate method to achieve agreement on 19 specific evidence-based, policy-oriented recommendations to complement the national youth injury report. In providing their input, it is noted that the injury stakeholders each acted as individual experts, unattached to any organizational position or policy. These recommendations will require multidisciplinary collaborations in order to support the proposed policy development, additional research, programming and clear decision-making for youth injury prevention.Pediatrics, Department ofMedicine, Faculty ofOther UBCNon UBCReviewedFacultyResearche

Additional file 1: of Youth injury prevention in Canada: use of the Delphi method to develop recommendations

Table of Recommendations changed_deleted through project. (PDF 338 kb