An Efficient Secure Multimodal Biometric Fusion Using Palmprint and Face Image

Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically recognizing, with a high confidence a person’s identity. A multimodal biometric systems consolidate the evidence presented by multiple biometric sources and typically better recognition performance compare to system based on a single biometric modality. This paper proposes an authentication method for a multimodal biometric system identification using two traits i.e. face and palmprint. The proposed system is designed for application where the training data contains a face and palmprint. Integrating the palmprint and face features increases robustness of the person authentication. The final decision is made by fusion at matching score level architecture in which features vectors are created independently for query measures and are then compared to the enrolment template, which are stored during database preparation. Multimodal biometric system is developed through fusion of face and palmprint recognition

A New Control Technique for Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Inverters

Multi cell converters are one of the alternative topologies for medium-voltage industrial drives. For an application modulation (PWM) rectifier as front end Multi level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converters have been presented as a good solution for high-power applications. The choice of single-phase PWM rectifiers for the input of the cells results in a reduced number of power switches and a simpler input transformer than the three phase equivalent. However, its control is not as straightforward. In this paper, the steady-state power balance in the cells of a single-phase two-cell CHB is studied. The ability to receive active power network or to deliver active power to the grid in each cell is analyzed according to the DC-link voltage and the desired output AC voltage value. Simulation results are shown to validate the presented analysis

Characterization of Residual Stress and Plastic Strain in Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L(N) Weldments

Fusion welding processes commonly involve the localized input of intense heat, melting of dissimilar materials and the deposition of molten filler metal. The surrounding material undergoes complex thermo-mechanical cycles involving elastic and plastic deformation. This processing history creates large residual stress in and around the weld bead, which can be particularly detrimental in reducing the lifetime of fabricated structures, increasing their susceptibility to stress corrosion, fatigue and creep crack growth as well as reducing the fracture load. It is very important to have a proper knowledge of the residual stress distribution in and around the weld region of structured components because knowing this allows their fitness to be assessed and the service life of critical components to be predicted. Characterizing weld residual stress fields either by measurement or finite element simulation is not straightforward because of the strain field complexity, inhomogeneity of the microstructure and the complex geometry of structural weldments. The residual stress distribution in a slot weld benchmark sample made from AISI 316L(N) austenitic stainless steel was analysed using the neutron diffraction at pulsed source. The presence of crevices and hydrogen containing super glue in the stress-free cuboids are some of the main issues effecting the neutron residual stress measurements. A residual stress of 400-450MPa was observed in first pass weld metal and in the HAZ of a three pass welded plate. The strain hardening behaviour of AISI 316L(N) steel around the slot weld was studied taking account of the asymmetric cyclic deformation and the typical strain rates experienced; inferences are drawn regarding how such effects Should be modelled in finite element weld residual stress computations. The solution annealed material was tested under symmetric and asymmetric cyclic loading at both room and 550°C. During asymmetric cyclic loading, the 316L(N) material at room and high temperature was less strain hardened than in the same number of cycles of symmetric cyclic loading. At room temperature; the 316L(N) material deformed at fast strain rate showed higher strain hardening than at the slow strain rate. However, at high temperature (550°C); the 316L(N) material deformed at slow strain rate showed higher strain hardening than at the fast strain rate due to dynamic strain ageing. A mixed hardening model was to predict the strain hardening of the 316L(N) material at room and high temperature (550°C). However, the published mixed hardening parameters were unsuccessful in predicting the strain hardening of the symmetric cyclic deformation at high temperature. Finally, the accumulated cyclic plastic strain resulting from the addition of each weld bead was studied using Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and hardness measurements. The EBSD metrics showed a gradual increase of plastic strain and equivalent yield stress from the parent zone (approximately 0.02) to the fusion boundary (approximately 0.05-0.09). Although, in strain controlled cyclic loading, none of the EBSD metrics used were capable of assessing the plastic strain, below 58% cumulative plastic strain path. The quantified plastic strain (from the EBSD) and hardness analysis of the parent material indicates that the material deformed plastically. The EBSD derived plastic strain and equivalent yield stress correlate well with hardness, finite element prediction and von Mises equivalent residual stress

3D Magneto Hydrodynamic Slip Flow of Al50Cu50-Water and Cu-Water Nanofluids over a Variable Thickness Stretched Surface

The current paper covers the examination of 3D magneto hydrodynamic nanofluid motion past a slendering (variable thickness) stretching surface under the influence of MHD, Soret and Dufour effects, thermophoresis, Brownian motion and slip impact. For this study, we considered the Cu-water and Al50Cu50-water nanofluids past a non-uniform thickness stretching surface. With the help of similarity transformations, we transformed the derived governed equations as ordinary differential equations. The mathematical outcomes determined by employing Runge-Kutta and Newton’s methods. We reveal and interpretation the graphs for different parameters like magnetic number, volumetric fraction, Soret number, Dufour number, Brownian motion, thermophoresis parameter, stretching parameter, slip parameters h1 and h2. We discussed the skin friction coefficient, reduced Nusselt and reduced Sherwood numbers for the influence of the pertinent parameters with the assistance of tables separately for two nanofluids (Cu-water and Al50Cu50-water nanofluids). Results are validated by comparing with the published results and found a favorable agreement. Keywords: Slip flow, Slendering sheet, Cross diffusion, MHD

An Analysis of the Requirement for Energy Management Systems in India for Electric Vehicles

Conventional fuels used in combustion engines are the main sources of carbon dioxide emissions, which affect the environment. If energy is available from renewable sources compared to conventional sources, electric vehicles (EVs) offer efficient and cost-effective solutions to the above issue. However, EVs employ batteries for energy storage, which presents a number of issues. For example, overheating produced by chemical reactions during the charging and discharging process in high temperatures can result in the battery's fatal destruction. Hence, an effective energy management system (EMS) is in need of the technology required for the accomplishment of EVs in the long term. Monitoring and optimizing electricity use is the aim of energy management, which aims to cut costs and emissions without interfering with operations. When lifetime CO2 emissions are taken into consideration, EVs will be far more environmentally friendly than regular fuel vehicles because of the incorporation of sustainable power. Distributed solar energy will help reduce the distribution and transmission losses, which will further lower the lifetime CO2 emissions and operating costs of EVs and hasten their commercial viability. This paper presents a review of energy management challenges and their necessity. EV energy management is very important as it helps to minimize EV charging costs

Network efficiency enhancement by reactive channel state based allocation scheme

Now a day the large MIMO has considered as the efficient approach to improve the spectral and energy efficiency at WMN. However, the PC is a big issue that caused by reusing similar pilot sequence at cells, which also restrict the performance of massive MIMO network. Here, we give the alternative answer, where each of UEs required allotting a channel sequences before passing the payload data, so as to avoid the channel collision of inter-cell. Our proposed protocol will ready to determine the channel collisions in distributed and scalable process, however giving unique properties of the large MIMO channels. Here we have proposed a RCSA (Reactive channel state based allocation) scheme, which will very productively work with the RAP blockers at large network of MIMO. The position of time-frequency of RAP blocks is modified in the middle of the adjacent cells, because of this design decision the RAP defend from the hardest types of interference at inter-cell. Further, to validate the performance of our proposed scheme it will be compared with other existing technique

Active and Reactive Power Control for PV based Water Pumping System

The scarcity of fossil fuels and lack of electrification of several rural areas in developing countries like India has encouraged the use of renewable energy sources in recent times. The solar photovoltaic power is of great relevance in areas where electric lines are not yet laid. Since agriculture is generally the main source of income in most of rural India, irrigation is one of the biggest challenges. PV powered pumping systems have gained popularity in the past few decades. The nature of the load demands an active and reactive power control in standalone systems powered by renewable sources. There are several techniques to achieve active and reactive power control in a microgrid. In this paper a technique to control PQ is employed to a PV powered composite load and results are evaluated using MATLAB/SIMULINK

RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF GATIFLOXACIN AND AMBROXOL HCL IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: To develop a simple, selective, linear, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of Gatifloxacin and Ambroxol HCl in tablet dosage form.Methods: The chromatographic separation was performed using Inerstil ODS-3V (4.6 x 250 mm, 5 µm particle size). Mobile phase was composed of phosphate Buffer pH-5 and methanol (40:60v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Detection was carried out using PDA detector at 237 nm. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines.Results: The retention times for Gatifloxacin and Ambroxol HCl were observed as 2.443 and 4.863 min respectively. Linearity range was observed in concentration of 32-112 µg/ml for Gatifloxacin and 6-21 µg/ml for Ambroxol HCl. The percentage recoveries of Gatifloxacin and Ambroxol HCl are 99.64% and 99.78% respectively. The correlation coefficients for both the components are close to 1.Conclusion: This method is simple, selective, linear, precise, accurate and sensitive hence can be successfully employed for the routine quality control of dosage forms containing both the drugs in pharmaceutical industries.Â

Optimal controllers design for voltage control in Off-grid hybrid power system

Generally, for remote places extension of grid is uneconomical and difficult. Off-grid hybrid power systems (OGHPS) has  renewable energy sources integrated with conventional sources. OGHPS is very significant as it is the only source of electric supply for remote areas. OGHPS under study  has Induction generator (IG) for wind power generation, Photo-Voltaic source with inverter, Synchronous generator (SG) for Diesel Engine (DE) and load. Over-rated PV-inverter has capacity to supply reactive power.  SG of  DE  has Automatic voltage regulator for excitation control to regulate terminal voltage. Load and IG demands reactive power, causes reactive power imbalance hence voltage fluctuations in OGHPS. To manage reactive power for voltage control, two control structures with Proportional–Integral controller(PI), to control  inverter reactive power and  SG excitation by automatic voltage regulator are incorporated.  Improper tuning of controllers lead  to oscillatory and sluggish response. Hence in this test system both controllers need to be tune optimally. This paper proposes novel intelligent computing algorithm , Enhanced Bacterial forging algorithm (EBFA) for optimal reactive power controller for voltage control in OGHPS. Small signal model of OGHPS with proposed controller is  tested for different disturbances. simulation results  are compared  with conventional  method , proved the effectiveness of EBFA

EFFECT OF STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR ON VOLTAGE STABILITY UNDER NETWORK CONTINGENCIES

This paper focuses on enhancement of system performance under network contingencies through an optimal placement and optimal setting of static var compensator (SVC). The goal of the methodology developed is to identify the weakest bus using an index called Line Flow Index (LFI) and to maintain the voltages at all load buses within their specified limits through an optimal placement and optimal setting of SVC under contingency Condition. This premise is attested on 6- bus and 30 bus systems and the simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the method