Real-time Thermal Error Compensation Module for Intelligent Ultra Precision Turning Machine (iUPTM)

AbstractAccuracy & precision are 1he main requirements for ultra precision machine tools. Many factors affect 1he performance of 1he system 1hat in turns affect 1he product quality. Among all sources of errors, the thermo mechanical deformation errors are the main contributor for 1he overall geometrical errors. This paper mainly aims at establislunent of methodology to compensate thermal deformation errors in real-time for ultra precision machine tools. The real-time thermal error compensation module has been developed and integrated to intelligent Ultra Precision Turning machine. The module includes temperatures as inputs, neural network algorithm for computing the thermal deformations errors, ‘C’ programming for real-time calculations and integration with open architecture CNC controller. The module runs in silent mode which avoids human intervention for correction of thermal deformation errors

New record of Sphenopid Zoanthid species Palythoa tuberculosa (Esper, 1805) from Gulf of Mannar, India

347-350Coral reefs provide a suitable habitat for many marine flora and fauna. Zoanthid is one of the most common inhabitants in coral reef habitats. A sub-massive colony of Sphenopid Zoanthid species Palythoa tuberculosa belonging to the order Zoantharia was documented for the first time from Gulf of Mannar (GoM) during an intensive coral reef monitoring survey conducted in Manoli, Manoliputti and Shingle Island. Photographic evidence of the colony along with its morphological characteristics are described in the present study

Antimycobacterial, Enzyme Inhibition, and Molecular Interaction Studies of Psoromic Acid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Efficacy and Safety Investigations

The current study explores the antimycobacterial efficacy of lichen-derived psoromic acid (PA) against clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Additionally, the inhibitory efficacy of PA against two critical enzymes associated with M.tb, namely, UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM) and arylamine-N-acetyltransferase (TBNAT), as drug targets for antituberculosis therapy were determined. PA showed a profound inhibitory effect towards all the M.tb strains tested, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 3.2 and 4.1 µM, and selectivity indices (SIs) ranging between 18.3 and 23.4. On the other hand, the standard drug isoniazid (INH) displayed comparably high MIC values (varying from 5.4 to 5.8 µM) as well as low SI values (13.0–13.9). Interestingly, PA did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects on a human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line even at the highest concentration tested (75 µM). PA demonstrated remarkable suppressing propensity against UGM compared to standard uridine-5\u27-diphosphate (UDP), with 85.8 and 99.3% of inhibition, respectively. In addition, PA also exerted phenomenal inhibitory efficacy (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value = 8.7 µM, and 77.4% inhibition) against TBNAT compared with standard INH (IC50 value = 6.2 µM and 96.3% inhibition). Furthermore, in silico analysis validated the outcomes of in vitro assays, as the molecular interactions of PA with the active sites of UGM and TBNAT were unveiled using molecular docking and structure–activity relationship studies. Concomitantly, our findings present PA as an effective and safe natural drug plausible for use in controlling tuberculosis infections