iBall: Augmenting Basketball Videos with Gaze-moderated Embedded Visualizations

We present iBall, a basketball video-watching system that leverages gaze-moderated embedded visualizations to facilitate game understanding and engagement of casual fans. Video broadcasting and online video platforms make watching basketball games increasingly accessible. Yet, for new or casual fans, watching basketball videos is often confusing due to their limited basketball knowledge and the lack of accessible, on-demand information to resolve their confusion. To assist casual fans in watching basketball videos, we compared the game-watching behaviors of casual and die-hard fans in a formative study and developed iBall based on the fndings. iBall embeds visualizations into basketball videos using a computer vision pipeline, and automatically adapts the visualizations based on the game context and users' gaze, helping casual fans appreciate basketball games without being overwhelmed. We confrmed the usefulness, usability, and engagement of iBall in a study with 16 casual fans, and further collected feedback from 8 die-hard fans.Comment: ACM CHI2

Investigation on the Efficiency of Chinese Herbal Injections combined with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Treating Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma based on Multidimensional Bayesian Network Meta-analysis

Introduction: Given the wide utilization of Chinese herbal injections in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), this network meta-analysis (NMA) was devised to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of different Chinese herbal injections combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) against NPC.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from seven electronic databases from the date of database establishment to October 5, 2020. Study selection and data extraction conformed to a priori criteria. Focusing on clinical effective rate, performance status, grade ≥3 oral mucositis, nausea and vomiting, leukopenia, and thrombopenia, this NMA was performed with Review Manager 5.3.5, Stata 13.1, WinBUGS 1.4.3, and R 4.0.3 software.Results: Ten inventions from 37 RCTs involving 2,581 participants with NPC that evaluated the clinical effective rate, nausea and vomiting, leukopenia, thrombopenia, and grade ≥3 oral mucositis were included. Compared with CCRT alone, Elemene injection and Compound Kushen injection were associated with significantly improved clinical effective rates, and Elemene injection plus CCRT had the highest probability in terms of clinical effective rate (78.07%) compared with the other interventions. Shenqifuzheng injection, Xiaoaiping injection, and Shenmai injection ranked the best in terms of performance status (79.02%), nausea and vomiting (86.35%), and grade ≥3 oral mucositis (78.14%) when combined with CCRT. Kangai injection combined with CCRT ranked ahead of the other injections in terms of leukopenia (90.80%) and thrombopenia (91.04%), and had a better impact on improving performance status and reducing leukopenia, thrombopenia, grade ≥3 oral mucositis, and nausea and vomiting in the multidimensional cluster analysis.Conclusion: Current clinical evidence indicates that Elemene injection combined with CCRT has the best clinical effective rate and that Kangai injection might have a comprehensively better impact on improving performance status and reducing adverse reactions against NPC. Additionally, due to the limitations of this NMA, more multicenter, high-quality, and head-to-head RCTs are needed to properly support our findings

Corrigendum: Revealing the mechanism of Huazhi Rougan granule in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver through intestinal flora based on 16S rRNA, metagenomic sequencing and network pharmacology

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Floating treatment islands in series along a channel: The impact of island spacing on the velocity field and estimated mass removal.

Floating treatment islands (FTIs) consist of emergent vegetation grown on floating structures. The submerged roots beneath the island and the biofilm they support filter nutrients and particulates from water passing through the roots. FTIs are often deployed in series within a channel, but an optimum spacing between FTIs has not yet been determined. The goal of the present study is to identify an optimum spacing for maximum mass removal per channel length. A series of scaled FTI models were deployed in a water channel with the spacing between FTIs ranging from 0.5 to 11 times the length of an individual root zone. A Nortek Vectrino was used to measure the velocity field to determine the flow rate into and residence time within each root zone. The measured flow distribution was used within a control volume analysis to estimate the mass removed per channel length, assuming that removal within the root zone followed a first-order reaction. As the spacing between the FTIs decreased, the flow entering each FTI root zone also decreased, which decreased the mass removed by each individual FTI. However, as the spacing between FTIs was decreased, the number of FTIs per channel length increased, which tended to increase the mass removal of the system of FTI in series. These competing trends produced a maximum mass removal for FTIs spaced between one and three times the root zone length. The maximum spacing was weakly dependent on the assumed first-order reaction rate. The present study can help designers choose an optimal spacing for FTIs in series to achieve the maximum mass removal per river length

Applications of Clinical Decision Support Systems in Diabetes Care: Scoping Review

BackgroundProviding comprehensive and individualized diabetes care remains a significant challenge in the face of the increasing complexity of diabetes management and a lack of specialized endocrinologists to support diabetes care. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are progressively being used to improve diabetes care, while many health care providers lack awareness and knowledge about CDSSs in diabetes care. A comprehensive analysis of the applications of CDSSs in diabetes care is still lacking. ObjectiveThis review aimed to summarize the research landscape, clinical applications, and impact on both patients and physicians of CDSSs in diabetes care. MethodsWe conducted a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework. A search was conducted in 7 electronic databases to identify the clinical applications of CDSSs in diabetes care up to June 30, 2022. Additional searches were conducted for conference abstracts from the period of 2021-2022. Two researchers independently performed the screening and data charting processes. ResultsOf 11,569 retrieved studies, 85 (0.7%) were included for analysis. Research interest is growing in this field, with 45 (53%) of the 85 studies published in the past 5 years. Among the 58 (68%) out of 85 studies disclosing the underlying decision-making mechanism, most CDSSs (44/58, 76%) were knowledge based, while the number of non-knowledge-based systems has been increasing in recent years. Among the 81 (95%) out of 85 studies disclosing application scenarios, the majority of CDSSs were used for treatment recommendation (63/81, 78%). Among the 39 (46%) out of 85 studies disclosing physician user types, primary care physicians (20/39, 51%) were the most common, followed by endocrinologists (15/39, 39%) and nonendocrinology specialists (8/39, 21%). CDSSs significantly improved patients’ blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profiles in 71% (45/63), 67% (12/18), and 38% (8/21) of the studies, respectively, with no increase in the risk of hypoglycemia. ConclusionsCDSSs are both effective and safe in improving diabetes care, implying that they could be a potentially reliable assistant in diabetes care, especially for physicians with limited experience and patients with limited access to medical resources. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.37766/inplasy2022.9.006

Compression of next-generation sequencing quality scores using memetic algorithm

BACKGROUND: The exponential growth of next-generation sequencing (NGS) derived DNA data poses great challenges to data storage and transmission. Although many compression algorithms have been proposed for DNA reads in NGS data, few methods are designed specifically to handle the quality scores. RESULTS: In this paper we present a memetic algorithm (MA) based NGS quality score data compressor, namely MMQSC. The algorithm extracts raw quality score sequences from FASTQ formatted files, and designs compression codebook using MA based multimodal optimization. The input data is then compressed in a substitutional manner. Experimental results on five representative NGS data sets show that MMQSC obtains higher compression ratio than the other state-of-the-art methods. Particularly, MMQSC is a lossless reference-free compression algorithm, yet obtains an average compression ratio of 22.82% on the experimental data sets. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed MMQSC compresses NGS quality score data effectively. It can be utilized to improve the overall compression ratio on FASTQ formatted files

Exosomes derived from menstrual blood stromal cells ameliorated premature ovarian insufficiency and granulosa cell apoptosis by regulating SMAD3/AKT/MDM2/P53 pathway via delivery of thrombospondin-1

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is clinically irreversible and seriously damages female fertility. We previously demonstrated that menstrual blood stromal cells (MenSCs)-derived exosomes (EXOs) effectively improved ovarian functions in the POI rat model. In this study, we investigated whether TSP1 is the key component in EXOs to ameliorate ovarian functions and further explored the molecular mechanism of EXOs in improving granulosa cell (GCs) activities. Our results demonstrated that knockdown TSP1 significantly debilitated the therapeutic effect of EXOs on estrous cyclicity, ovarian morphology, follicle numbers and pregnancy outcomes in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) induced POI rat model. In addition, EXOs treatment significantly promoted the activities and inhibited the apoptosis of VCD induced granulosa cells in vitro. Moreover, EXOs stimulation markedly activated the phosphorylation of SMAD3(Ser425) and AKT(Ser473), up-regulated the expressions of BCL2 and MDM2 as well as down-regulated the expressions of CASPASE3, CASPASE8, P53 and BAX. All these effects were supressed by SIS3, a inhibitor of TGF1/SMAD3. Our study revealed the key role of TSP1 in EXOs in improving POI pathology, restoring ovarian functions and GCs activities, andprovided a promising basis for EXOs in the treatment of ovarian dysfunction