Surveillance pyramid showing multipliers used to account for incomplete case identification.

<p>Modified from Biggs HM, Hertz JT, Munishi OM, Galloway RL, Marks F, Saganda W, et al. Estimating leptospirosis incidence using hospital-based surveillance and a population-based health care utilization survey in Tanzania. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(12):e2589.</p

Frequency of confirmed and probable acute leptospirosis defined by predominant reactive <i>Leptospira</i> serogroup, Moshi Rural and Moshi Rural Districts, Tanzania, 2007–8 and 2012–14.

<p>Frequency of confirmed and probable acute leptospirosis defined by predominant reactive <i>Leptospira</i> serogroup, Moshi Rural and Moshi Rural Districts, Tanzania, 2007–8 and 2012–14.</p

Calculation of incidence of acute leptospirosis, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.

<p>Calculation of incidence of acute leptospirosis, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.</p

Estimated population of Moshi Urban and Moshi Rural District that reported that they would attend KCMC or MRRH if they developed a febrile illness during the time periods 2007–08 and 2012–14.

<p>Estimated population of Moshi Urban and Moshi Rural District that reported that they would attend KCMC or MRRH if they developed a febrile illness during the time periods 2007–08 and 2012–14.</p

Calculation of blood-draw multipliers, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.

<p>Calculation of blood-draw multipliers, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.</p

Multipliers based on responses to relevant questions in healthcare utilisation survey, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2011.

<p>Multipliers based on responses to relevant questions in healthcare utilisation survey, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2011.</p

Sensitivity analysis of leptospirosis incidence, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.

<p>Sensitivity analysis of leptospirosis incidence, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.</p

Incidence of acute leptospirosis in six months intervals, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.

<p>Incidence of acute leptospirosis in six months intervals, Moshi Rural and Moshi Urban Districts, Tanzania, 2012–14.</p

Study flow diagram for patients seeking care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and Mawenzi Regional referral hospital in Moshi, Tanzania, 2012–14.

<p>Study flow diagram for patients seeking care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre and Mawenzi Regional referral hospital in Moshi, Tanzania, 2012–14.</p

Component risk factors and relative weights for exposure to multiple leptospirosis infection sources derived from an analytic hierarchy process conducted among East African subject matter experts, 2015.

<p>Component risk factors and relative weights for exposure to multiple leptospirosis infection sources derived from an analytic hierarchy process conducted among East African subject matter experts, 2015.</p