Zero tension Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in (d+1)- Dimensions

The joint probability distribution function (PDF) of the height and its gradients is derived for a zero tension $d+1$-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation. It is proved that the height`s PDF of zero tension KPZ equation shows lack of positivity after a finite time $t_{c}$. The properties of zero tension KPZ equation and its differences with the case that it possess an infinitesimal surface tension is discussed. Also potential relation between the time scale $t_{c}$ and the singularity time scale $t_{c, \nu \to 0}$ of the KPZ equation with an infinitesimal surface tension is investigated.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure

THE VOLLEYBALL APPROACH: AN EXPLORATION OF RUN-UP LAST STRIDE LENGTH WITH JUMP HEIGHT AND DEVIATION IN LANDING

The main aim of present research was to find out a significant correlation between approach run-up last stride length and the height of jump and landing deviation. Fourteen top elite volleyball players have been served for this study. A Mikro-Mak Motion Analyzer with Win-Analyze program has been used for this study. A Philips video camera with 240 frames per second has also been used to better trace the markers on the shoulder, hip, knee, ankle, and toe. The program enabled us to find out the displacement and velocity of all parts and especially the toes’ in order to measure the different last stride lengths and the deviation from vertical axis. Although we were expecting to get a significant correlation between this parameter and jump height, as in long stride the CG is displaced in longer range with higher horizontal motion than when the player jumps with shorter stride, but the findings did not support this idea. The results are given in Tables 1-4

KINEMATIC-KINETIC COMPARISONS OF TSUKI TECHNIQUE IN PERFORMING FROM WAIST AND FROM MIDWAY IN CLASSIC AND INDIVIDUAL STYLES

The aim of this study was to quantify the difference between two different karate performances in Tsuki techniques from waist and from midway, in classic and individual styles. Eleven female karateka, with different levels of training and knowledge of karate were volunteered to our study and filmed with two cameras at 250 Hz. This allowed the two dimensional reconstruction of the movements of selected body landmarks. Five landmarks (shoUlder, elbow, wrist, upper-right and upper-left fist) were analyzed, while performing Tsuki. For each karateka and punch, the average time of execution was calculated and the standard deviation of each of two special coordinates X and Y were computed for each landmark. A total standard deviation of the single karateka and punch was also calculated. Through the analyzing we achieved the kinematic and kinetic parameters of each karateka. By the comparison of the different styles and performances, remarkable results have been achieved

Gold nanoparticle and mean inactivation dose of human intestinal colon cancer HT-29 cells

Background: Mean inactivation dose is a useful radiobiological parameter for the comparison of human cell survival curves. Objectives: Given the importance and accuracy of these parameters, in the present study, the radio sensitivity enhancement of colon cancer (HT-29) cells in the presence of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were studied using the mean inactivation dose (MID). Materials and Methods: Naked-GNPs with 50 nm diameters were incubated with HT-29 cells. The cytotoxicity and uptake of these particles on HT-29 cells were assessed. After determining the optimum GNPs concentration, the cells were incubated with gold nanoparticle for 24 hours. The change in the MID value as well as the radio sensitization enhancement under irradiation with 9 MV X-ray beams in the presence of GNPs were evaluated by multiple (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)MTS assay. Results: Cell survival in the presence of GNPs was more than 90% and the maximum uptake of GNPs was observed at 60 μM of gold nanoparticles. In contrast, in the presence of GNPs combined with radiation, cell survival and MID value significantly decreased, so that the radio sensitization enhancement was 1.4. Conclusions: Due to the significant reduction in the mean inactivation dose of colon cancer cells in the presence of gold nanoparticles, it seems that GNPs are suitable options to achieve a new approach in order to improve radiotherapy efficiency without increasing the prescribed radiation dose

Effect of fasting on levels of subjective stress among nurses working in emergency departments of hospitals in chahar mahal and bakhtiari‏

Background: High levels of stress in nurses, known as a factor influencing the level of job satisfaction and can result in poor performance and dissatisfaction of patients. Therefore, the use of stress reduction programs, such as adherence to religion and religious teachings seriously, to protect and prevent health problems, it is very necessary and inevitable. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fasting on the subjective stress level of nurses working in emergency departments is subjective. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective study that performed on 110 nurses working in emergency departments of hospitals in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. Sampling method was Simple and the sample of this study was the same. To gathering of information demographic and subjective stress questionnaire was used to measure subjective stress. Questionnaires completed in 3 phases: before, half and after the Ramadan. For data analyzing descriptive and inferential statistics such as t-test and the test based on Friedman repeated SPSS software data were used. Results: The results of this study showed before Ramadan, subjective stress level of emergency nurses was 23.48 ± 14.52 and in the middle of Ramadan 20.65 ± 9.96 and after Ramadan 7.55 ± 4.64.These figures indicate the end of Ramadan, the subjective stress level as low as emergency nurses as it has been before and middle of Ramadan. Discussion: The results of this study showed that a positive impact of Ramadan fasting on improving the subjective health of emergency nurses. Due to the sensitivity of Professional nurses, are constantly affected by stress and if this group, note not to physical and mental health, this would in turn improve