Clinical and functional outcome of elastic stable intramedullary nailing in pediatric femoral fractures in the age group of 5-16 years

Background: Fractures of the femur are the most incapacitating fractures. The best treatment for children between five to sixteen years of age is still debated. The ESIN has the benefits of early immediate stability to the involved bone segment, permitting early mobilization and return to the normal activities of the patients, respect for the physes, minimal scarring with lower complications. The purpose of this study was to present this study results following fixation of femoral shaft fractures with titanium elastic nails between the age 5-16 years of age.Methods: A total 52 patients in the age group of 5-16 years with femoral shaft fractures were stabilized using flexible nailing. Clinical and radiological follow-up was for a minimum period of 24 months. The final results were analysed using Flynn’s criteria.Results: Mean age at surgery was 7.4 years (range 5.6-14.3 years). The average duration of surgery was 65.3 (45-95) minutes and the mean duration of hospital stay was 8 (5-14) days. Skin irritation due to nail ends was the most common complication followed by significant lengthening (n=6), infection (n=2), significant shortening (n=2), varus angulation (n=2) and delayed union (n=2). The final outcome was excellent in 65.4% cases, satisfactory in 30.8% cases and three patients had poor outcomes as per Flynn's scoring criteria.Conclusions: In this study, ESIN showed good clinical and radiographic results in the age group 5 to 16 years, with minimal complications and high parent satisfaction consistent with previous studies but lesser number of mid adolescent age groups in the present study is a limitation

Fight for Flight-- Airbus vs. Boeing Competing for Technology and Markets in the Aviation Industry

The commercial aircraft industry is highly competitive. Companies who wish to compete must have significant investments, capabilities and resources. Boeing and Airbus have established themselves and currently hold a duopoly in the commercial aviation industry. This paper provides a brief overview of the history of the two companies and outlines their ongoing subsidy dispute. The Airbus A380 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner are the most recent and innovative aircraft launched by these companies. These aircraft models are compared on the parameters of technology, marketing and supply chain. Some of the significant technological innovations that have been discussed include composite materials, aerodynamics, fuel efficiencies, noise reductions, and safety. Both models incline toward different distribution paradigms – A380 toward hub and spoke, and 787 toward point to point. Both companies have increased their focus on global outsourcing and are establishing more risk sharing partnerships with their suppliers. However, they both encountered production delays due to supply chain issues. A SWOT analysis is done to evaluate these two companies strategically. A PEST analysis is also performed to understand which factors impact the various decisions of these companies. The scope of this paper is limited to commercial aircraft only. Although there are a wide range of commercial aircraft models that these companies manufacture, the focus of this paper is further limited to the latest models – Airbus A380 and Boeing 787

Team Process Report

The team process report describes the process lifecycle our team went through during the course of the term. Our team started with the advantage of being a potential team because many of the members had worked together in other classes and knew what worked and did not work in group projects. Although we had very diverse backgrounds we had a strong common goal which was to excel in this class and master the material. We were very fortunate that all team members had similar work ethics, very hard working and professional, in addition to very diverse skill sets. Each person used their unique talents for the common good of the group. This team strived for positive feedback from the class, when given constructive feedback it was immediately used to improve team performance. By the end of the class this team had traveled from forming, storming, norming to performing while also achieving skillsets in planning, delegating and encouraging others. These skills will allow us to progress not only through ETM but alas throughout our lives