18 research outputs found
Comparative study of the urinary level of aflatoxin M1 in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and healthy people
Abstract
Background: Aflatoxins are the secondary metabolites produced by the flavi section of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin
B1 (AFB1) is hepatocarcinogen, teratogen and mutagen. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite
of AFB1. The liver protects the body by lowering the toxicity of AFB1 to form different hydroxylates like
AFM1. According to the synergistic effect of hepatitis and also AFB1 as the parent molecule of AFM1, the main
purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the mean levels of AFM1, in the hepatitis-C-virus
(HCV)-positive patients compared to healthy individuals.
Methods: After the tests of liver function enzymes, the level of AFM1 was measured and compared in the urine
sample of 71 patients with HCV and 71 healthy individuals. The AFM1 of urine samples were tested using
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Besides, the levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic
transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and
direct bilirubin were assessed in the blood samples.
Findings: The urine of 29.7% of HCV-positive patients and 19.71% of healthy individuals consisted of some
amount of AFM1. The mean level of AFM1 was 2.45 and 1.66 pg/ml in patients and controls, respectively;
which was significantly different (P = 0.005). The mean levels of SGPT and alkaline phosphatase were
significantly more among HCV-positive patients with AFM1 compared to those without AFM1 (P = 0.012). But,
there was not any significant difference between the mean levels of SGOT and total and direct bilirubin between
the HCV-positive patients with and without AFM1.
Conclusion: The mean levels of SGPT and Alkaline phosphatase, which are more exclusive to survey of liver
function, were significantly different between HCV-positive patients with and without AFM1. Consequently,
progression of the chronic liver disease is caused by the existence of AFB1 in HCV-positive patients; therefore,
the reduction of AFM1 via improving the food consumption pattern can prevent this progression.
Keywords: Aflatoxin M1, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Liver dysfunction
Comparison of Standard Triple Therapy Regimen with Sequential Therapy Regimen Containing Levofloxacin Used for The Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in Patients with Gastrointestinal Infection Caused by Helicobacter Pylori
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare
standard triple therapy regimen with sequential therapy
regimen containing levofloxacin used for the
eradication of H. pylori in patients with gastrointestinal
infection caused by H. pylori.
Methods: This single blind clinical trial study was
conducted on 96 patients with positive Rapid Urease
Test (RUT) who were referred to the Endoscopy
center of Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord city, located
in southwest of Iran. The patients were randomly assigned
into two treatment groups: sequential therapy
regimen and triple therapy regimen. The patients in
the first group received sequential therapy regimen
including omeprazole, amoxicillin, levofloxacin, and
tinidazole; the second group of patients received
a triple therapy regimen consisting of omeprazole,
amoxicillin, and clarithromycin. Four weeks after the
end of the treatment, using H. pylori Stool Antigen
(HpSA), a test was performed to prove the eradication
of H. pylori. The influences of patients’ age, gender
and eradication level were also investigated.
Results: There were significant differences between
the two groups in terms of age and education. While
H. pylori eradication rate was 67.3% in the sequential
therapy regimen, it was 66% in standard triple
therapy regimen. In addition, among patients receiving
triple therapy regimen, being aged older than 40
years had a significant relationship with eradication.
Moreover, in patients receiving sequential therapy
regimen, education level had a significant relationship
with eradication.
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference
between the two therapy groups in terms
of H. pylori eradication rate. However, given the
low rates of H. pylori eradication in both sequential
and triple therapy regimens observed in the present
study, it seems that it is necessary to conduct further
research on the bacterial resistance to the prescribed
antibiotic
Correlation between clarithromycin resistance, virulence factors and clinical characteristics of the disease in Helicobacter pylori infected patients in Shahrekord, Southwest Iran
The purpose of this study was to determine the mutations associated with clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from biopsy samples that were collected from the endoscopic ward of Shahrekord Hajar teaching Hospital and also to study the frequency of virulence factor and their correlation and pathological findings with clarithromycin resistance during the years 2019-2020. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 152 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection were considered, and then, two common A2142G and A2143G mutations in the 23SrRNA gene associated with resistance were analyzed by Real-time PCR (Taq man). The presence of vacA, iceA1, iceA2, cagA, babA2, and oipA virulence genes was investigated by PCR and electrophoresis in 8% polyacrylamide gel. Then, data were analyzed using the relevant statistical tests. In this study, the frequency of Helicobacter pylori was 76% and the frequency of mutant isolates was 57.2%. The frequencies of A2142G and A2143G point mutations were 42.1% and 28.3%. There was a significant correlation among oipA, vacA, and iceA1 virulence factors, type of disease, chronic inflammatory score, and glandular atrophy with the antibiotic resistance to clarithromycin. There was no significant correlation between the age and sex of the patients with antibiotic resistance. According to the results of this study, it seems that the use of clarithromycin to combat this bacterium should be limited
Up-regulated Th17 cell function is associated with increased peptic ulcer disease in Helicobacter pylori-infection
Background: During Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection CD4+ T cells in the gastric lamina propria are hyporesponsive
and polarized by Th1/Th17 cell responses controlled by Treg cells. The objective of this study was
to determine the number of Th17 cells in gastric mucosa of patients with gastritis and peptic ulcer and determined
the relationship between main virulence factor of H. pylori and Th17 cells.
Methods and materials: A total of 89 H. pylori-infected gastritis patients, 63 H. pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients
and 48 H. pylori-negative non-ulcer dysplasia patients were enrolled in this study. The number of Th17 was
determined by immunohistochemistry. IL-8 and IL-17A expressions were determined by real-time polymerase
chain reaction (qPCR). Also, the grade of chronic and active inflammation was investigated for involvement
according to the density of neutrophils and mononuclear in gastric mucosal crypts, from one to all crypts.
Results: The number of Th17 cells and the expression of IL-8 and IL-17A in infected patients were significantly
higher than uninfected subjects. The number of Th17 cells and the expression of IL-8 and IL-17A in infected
patients with peptic ulcer were significantly higher than patients with gastritis. Additionally, the numbers of
Th17 cells as well as the expression of IL-8 and IL-17A were positively correlated with the degree of H. pylori
density in infected patients with peptic ulcer, while this correlation was negative in infected patients with
gastritis. The numbers of Th17 cells as well as the expression of IL-8 and IL-17A were positively correlated with
the degree of chronic inflammation.
Conclusion: The predominant Th17 cell responses may play a role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers disease in
infected patients
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF P53 PROTEIN IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN DIFFERENTIATED AND UNDIFFERENTIATED TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF URINARY BLADDER
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder is one of
the most common cancers, the incidence of which has been on the rise during the last few
years. Histological criteria based on H & E staining are not always sufficient for determining
the clinical course of an individual patient with bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to
assess p53 protein Immunoreactivity in differentiated and undifferentiated TCC of urinary
bladder. METHODS: The accumulation of p53 was investigated immunohistochemically in ..
A comparative study of one minute versus five seconds endoscopic biliary balloon dilation after small sphincterotomy in choleducolithiasis.
BACKGROUND
Limited sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) is a low-risk method for the treatment of choleducolithiasis. Traditionally one minute ballooning time (BT) is applied; however, the effective BT is not clear. In this study, we compare five seconds and one minute ballooning time.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this single-blind, randomized, clinical trial 60 patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones documented in ultrasonography or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), with no severe hepatic, biliary or systemic diseases, enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive EPBD with either five seconds (n = 31) or one minute (n = 29) ballooning time (BT) after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and small sphincterotomy. Then stones were retrieved with an extractor balloon. The patients were followed for 48 hours to check the possible complications.
RESULTS
Successful CBD stone removal was the same in the five-second and one-minute BT groups (93.5% vs. 96.6%; P = 0.594). Pancreatitis occurred in three (9.7%) patients in the five-second BT group and in six (20.7%) patients in the one-minute BT group (P = 0.233). No hemorrhage or perforation was noted.
CONCLUSIONS
After a small sphincterotomy, EPBD in the five-second and one-minute BT groups had a similar efficacy. Small sphincterotomy combined with very short BT is a safe and effective method for CBD stone removal
Enhanced Frequency of CD19+IL-10+B Cells in Human Gastric Mucosa Infected by Helicobacter pylori
Background: CD19+IL-10+B cells are considered as a particular subset of immunosuppressive cells by producing interleukin 10 (IL-10), which plays an important role in infectious and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the number of CD19+IL-10+B cells in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) positive patients in comparison with H. pylori negative patients, and to determine the association with different clinical outcomes, such as gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD), in infected patients. Methods and materials: We studied 25 infected patients with gastritis, 25 infected patients with PUD, and 25 patients negative for H. pylori. The number of CD19+IL-10+B cells was determined by immunofluorescence. Results: The number of CD19+IL-10+B cells in patients infected with H. pylori was significantly 2.5-fold higher than uninfected patients (P < 0.0001). Also, the number of CD19+IL-10+B cells in infected patients with gastritis was significantly 1.45-fold elevated compared to infected patients with PUD (P = 0.001). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the increased number of CD19+IL-10+B cells in infected patients and its association with other cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori infection
Up-regulated CCL18, CCL28 and CXCL13 Expression is Associated with the Risk of Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease in Helicobacter Pylori infection
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes inflammation and increases the risk of developing peptic ulcer disease (PUD); however, the exact molecular mechanisms of PUD development remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 in H. pylori-positive subjects in comparison with H. pylori-negative subjects, and to determine its association with different clinical outcomes and virulence factors. Methods: In total, 55 H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis, 47 H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD, and 48 H. pylori-negative subjects were enrolled in this study. CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 expression were determined using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The virulence factors of H. pylori such as cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA), outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), blood group antigen-binding adhesin (babA), and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) genes were evaluated using PCR. Results: CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 expression in H. pylori-positive subjects were significantly higher than H. pylori-negative subjects. CCL18 and CXCL13 expression in H. pylori-positive subjects with oipA+ and babA2+were significantly higher than H. pylori-positive subjects with oipA¯ and babA2¯. CCL18 and CXCL13 expression were found to be significantly elevated in H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis compared with H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD. CCL28 expression was significantly higher in H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD compared with H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis. Conclusions: The increased of CCL18 and CXCL13 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated gastritis, while the increased of CCL28 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated PU
Up-regulated CCL18, CCL28 and CXCL13 Expression is Associated with the Risk of Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease in Helicobacter Pylori infection
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes inflammation and increases the risk of developing peptic ulcer disease (PUD); however, the exact molecular mechanisms of PUD development remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 in H. pylori-positive subjects in comparison with H. pylori-negative subjects, and to determine its association with different clinical outcomes and virulence factors. Methods: In total, 55 H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis, 47 H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD, and 48 H. pylori-negative subjects were enrolled in this study. CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 expression were determined using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The virulence factors of H. pylori such as cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA), outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), blood group antigen-binding adhesin (babA), and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) genes were evaluated using PCR. Results: CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 expression in H. pylori-positive subjects were significantly higher than H. pylori-negative subjects. CCL18 and CXCL13 expression in H. pylori-positive subjects with oipA+ and babA2+were significantly higher than H. pylori-positive subjects with oipA¯ and babA2¯. CCL18 and CXCL13 expression were found to be significantly elevated in H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis compared with H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD. CCL28 expression was significantly higher in H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD compared with H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis. Conclusions: The increased of CCL18 and CXCL13 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated gastritis, while the increased of CCL28 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated PUD
Up-regulated CCL18, CCL28 and CXCL13 Expression is Associated with the Risk of Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease in Helicobacter Pylori infection
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes inflammation and increases the risk of developing peptic ulcer disease (PUD); however, the exact molecular mechanisms of PUD development remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 in H. pylori-positive subjects in comparison with H. pylori-negative subjects, and to determine its association with different clinical outcomes and virulence factors. Methods: In total, 55 H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis, 47 H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD, and 48 H. pylori-negative subjects were enrolled in this study. CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 expression were determined using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The virulence factors of H. pylori such as cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA), outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), blood group antigen-binding adhesin (babA), and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) genes were evaluated using PCR. Results: CCL18, CCL28, and CXCL13 expression in H. pylori-positive subjects were significantly higher than H. pylori-negative subjects. CCL18 and CXCL13 expression in H. pylori-positive subjects with oipA+ and babA2+were significantly higher than H. pylori-positive subjects with oipA¯ and babA2¯. CCL18 and CXCL13 expression were found to be significantly elevated in H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis compared with H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD. CCL28 expression was significantly higher in H. pylori-positive subjects with PUD compared with H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis. Conclusions: The increased of CCL18 and CXCL13 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated gastritis, while the increased of CCL28 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated PUD