Number of children under 15 receiving antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries, 2005–2007.

<p>Source: UNICEF calculations based on data collected through the PMTCT and Paediatric HIV Care and Treatment Report Card process and reported in UNICEF Children and AIDS. 3^rd stocktaking report 2008, pp. 34–42 (<a href="http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2008/20081201_3rd_stocktaking_summary_en.pdf" target="_blank">http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2008/20081201_3rd_stocktaking_summary_en.pdf</a>) <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000285#pmed.1000285-UNICEF2" target="_blank">[20]</a>. Regions were recalculated according to UNICEF classification of regions.</p

Characteristics associated with HIV RNA PCR virologic failure for antiretroviral naïve patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), Mombasa, Kenya.^a

a<p>Excludes patients who died, were lost to follow up or transferred care to another institution.</p>b<p>OR, Odds Ratio; CI, Confidence interval.</p>c<p>By Student's <i>t</i> test.</p

The proportion of patients with a detectable viral load (≥400 copies/ml) at study visits using three viral load assays (Cavidi reverse transcriptase (RT) assay, Roche RNA PCR, and branched DNA assay [bDNA]).

<p>The proportion of patients with a detectable viral load (≥400 copies/ml) at study visits using three viral load assays (Cavidi reverse transcriptase (RT) assay, Roche RNA PCR, and branched DNA assay [bDNA]).</p

Flow chart of subjects with HIV viral loads conducted at baseline and follow-up after 24 weeks of antiretroviral therapy.

<p>(RT = Cavidi reverse transcriptase (RT) assay, Roche RNA PCR, and bDNA = branched DNA assay).</p

The distribution of CD4 cell count and HIV viral loads since initiation of antiretroviral therapy (study week 0).

<p>A. Distribution of CD4 cell count; B. HIV viral load by RNA PCR; C. HIV viral load by branched DNA (bDNA) assay; D. HIV viral load by Cavidi reverse transcriptase (RT) assay. Top and bottom of the boxes are 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. Horizontal lines within the boxes indicate median values. Central vertical lines <i>(whiskers)</i> that extend from the boxes to the highest and lowest rates indicate the 95% and 5%, respectively. Dots indicate the individual values outside whiskers.</p

Characteristics of the Cavidi^® reverse transcriptase assay for detecting HIV viral loads ≥400 copies/mL using RNA PCR or branched DNA assay (bDNA) assays in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.

a<p>95% CI, 95% Confidence Interval.</p>b<p>Sensitivity of the RT assay was the proportion of patients at baseline with RT assays ≥400 eq copies/ml among those with viral loads ≥400 copies/ml using RNA PCR or bDNA assays. Specificity of the RT assay was the proportion of patients at week 36 or 48 of treatment (which ever was the last value) with undetectable RT activity among those with viral loads <400 copies/ml using RNA PCR or bDNA assays. bDNA data from nine patients were excluded due to technical errors in one run.</p>c<p>Positive and negative predictive values were calculated using a 22% prevalence (18 of 83 patients with RNA PCR available after week 24) of a detectable RNA PCR viral load at week 36 or 48 of therapy; a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 95% for the RNA PCR assay and a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90% for the bDNA assay.</p

Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and Syphilis (EMTCT): Process, progress, and program integration

<p>Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and Syphilis (EMTCT): Process, progress, and program integration</p

Program and country attributes from 5 EMTCT validated countries.

<p>Program and country attributes from 5 EMTCT validated countries.</p

Country review process for elimination of mother-to-child transmission.

<p>Country review process for elimination of mother-to-child transmission.</p

Operating characteristics of dedicated single platform CD4+ T-cell enumeration systems.

<p>PCA = personal cell analysis, SSC = side scatter.</p><p>Operating characteristics of dedicated single platform CD4+ T-cell enumeration systems.</p