Effect on Intraocular Pressure of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the effect of intravitreally administered 0.7 mg dexamethasone implant on intraocular pressure. METHODS: The study included patients with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion or diabetic retinopathy who underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implant administration. Patients with glaucoma, ocular hypertension, and neovascularization at the angle were excluded from the study. The intraocular pressure was measured using applanation tonometry before and one week, two weeks, one month, three months, and six months after the procedure. Topical anti-glaucomatous is initiated in the participants with intraocular pressure equal to or higher than 22 mmHg. RESULTS: One hundred and five eyes of 101 patients comprising 55 (54.45%) male and 46 (45.54%) females were included in the study. The mean intraocular pressure was 14.43+-2.53 mmHg before injection, and the mean postprocedure intraocular pressures were 15.31+-3.66 mmHg (p=0.132) at the first day, 14.87+-3.11 mmHg (p=0.371) at the first week, 16.78+-3.82 mmHg (p=0.001) at the second week, 17.38+-4.30 mmHg (p=0.001) at the first month, 16.92+-4.55 mmHg (p=0.001) at the third month and, 15.59+-2.78 mmHg (p=0.005) at the sixth month, respectively. Five patients (%4.8) experienced intraocular pressure rise >21mmHg after the procedure in which IOP was controlled with anti-glaucomatous medication in all of them. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Intravitreal dexamethasone implantation may be interpreted as a safe treatment modality in patients with retinal vein occlusion or diabetic retinopathy in terms of secondary IOP increase. However, patients should undergo regular IOP checks during routine follow-up visits

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant state after laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy

Objective: To measure the amount of lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte antioxidation in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy and healthy controls

Laparoscopic treatment of accessory splenic tissue

A case of persistent thrombocytopenia after open splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura is presented. The accessory splenic tissue found by CT preoperatively was successfully treated using a laparoscopic technique. The management of this first case in the world literature of accessory splenic tissue is reviewed

Influence of propylthiouracil treatment on oxidative stress and nitric oxide in Basedow disease patients

Oxidative stress parameters and nitric oxide (NO) values were determined in 27 newly diagnosed Basedow patients before and afer 1 mo of propylthiouracil (PTU) therapy and in 15 healthy controls. Basedow patients exhibited increased triiodothyronine (T-3) and thyroxine (T-4) and decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values compared to controls. Significantly higher thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), NO and glutathione (GSH) levels, and CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD) activity were found in Basedow patients in comparison to controls, regardless of sex. Treatment with PTU (3 x 100 mg/d for 30 d) was effective in decreasing T-3 and T-4 and increasing TSH levels. Significantly decreased NO and TBARS and increased GSH and CuZn SOD levels were observed in PTU-treated Basedow patients compared to pre-PTU administration. PTU-treated patients compared to controls still exhibited significantly higher T-3 and lower TSH values and higher NO, TBARS, GSH, and CuZn SOD levels. The induced antioxidant defense and decrease in NO values in response to PTU therapy emphasizes the role of PTU as an antithyroid drug, where the ability to diminish hyperthyroidism results in decreased catabolism and lower oxidant generation

Posterior Capsular Opacification in Preschool- and School-Age Patients after Pediatric Cataract Surgery without Posterior Capsulotomy

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the development of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) in preschool- and school-age children with cataract who underwent cataract surgery without posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy. Materials and Methods: The records of 30 eyes of 21 patients who underwent pediatric cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ age, PCO status and duration, need for neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser treatment based on coverage of visual axis, and follow-up period were recorded. Results: The mean age of the patients was 7.6±2.83 (4-12) years. Unilateral cataract surgery and IOL implantation were performed in 12 patients (57.14%) and bilateral cataract surgery and IOL implantation were performed in nine patients (42.86%). Average follow-up time was 17.7±22.67 (3-83) months. PCO developed in 21 eyes (70%) and covered the visual axis in 15 eyes (50%), which therefore required Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. The mean duration of postoperative PCO development was 8.91±18.7 months (1 week-71 months). Conclusion: We believe that with adequately experienced surgeons, performing both cataract surgery and posterior capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy in the same session is appropriate for selected preschool- and school-age children with cataract

Conjunctival lymphangiectasis: successful surgical resection of an idiopathic case

Conjunctival lymphagiectasis is a topical ocular condition characterized by swelling of conjunctiva as a result of dilated lymphatics of the bulbar conjunctiva.  In this case report, a 51-year-old man presented with conjunctival swelling in the left eye.  Conjunctival lymphangiectasis was diagnosed and a conjunctival resection was performed.  No recurrence was found in follow-up examination at 9 months

A case of chordoma in association with rectal carcinoma

A 74-year-old male patient presented with anal and sacral pain 18 months after abdomino-perineal resection for rectal cancer. Computerized tomography (CT) of the pelvis demonstrated a well defined mass anterior to the lower sacrum, posteriorly infiltrating and destroying the fourth and fifth sacral nerves and invading the right gluteal fossa. A 7.5 X 15 X 2 cm encapsulated mass was demonstrated during the operation using a posterior approach and the lower sacral segments together with the tumour were removed by amputation at S3 level. Histopathology revealed chordoma. This case is unique because of the rarity of chordoma in association with rectal tumour at the sacrococcygeal region

Effect of resuscitation on bacterial translocation in haemorrhagic shocked rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the resuscitative effects of various intravenous solutions on intestinal mucosal damage and bacterial translocation due to haemorrhagic shock, Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetised and subjected to thirty minutes of haemorrhagic shock (systolic blood pressure 40 mmHg), Resuscitation was established with either autologous blood, three per cent hypertonic saline (HS), 7.5% HS, 0.9% NaCl and Ringer's lactate and Dextran 70 solution, Animals in sham shock group were only cannulated and not resuscitated, Bacterial translocation was evaluated by culture of mesenteric lymph nodes taken 24 hours after resuscitation, The rates of bacterial translocation observed were 50% in autologous blood group, 60% in Dextran 70 group, 40% in Ringer's lactate group, 10% each in 3% HS and 7.5% HS group and 20% in 0.9% NaCl group, A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups resuscitated with HS solution and the other solutions, No meaningful difference was noted between the various concentrations of hypertonic saline solution, The reduction in the rate bacterial translocation with hypertonic solution is assumed to be due to preservation of intestinal microcirculation and thus prevention of intestinal ischaemia

The effect of intestinal transit time on bacterial translocation

Increase in intraluminal bacterial count, disruption of the mucosal integrity, changes in intestinal immunity and transit time are the factors involved in bacterial translocation. The relationship between intestinal transit time, intra luminal bacterial count and translocation rate were investigated in 40 Wistar-albino rats. The study was conducted in 4 groups with 10 animals in each. Group I (controls) : saline + laboratory chow, Group II : saline + oral total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution, Group III: morphine sulfate (MS) + oral TPN solution, Group IV: neostigmine bromide (NB) + oral TPN solution