MOESM2 of Progression of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes

Additional file 2: Table S1. Screening intervals according to the CAN status. Table S2. Descriptive characteristics according to the progression status of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy including the group with definite CAN. Table S3. Crude and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model for cardiovascular disease and sensitive analysis for cardiovascular disease after exclusion of the patients who developed cardiovascular disease within 2 years

Increased risk for diabetes development in subjects with large variation in total cholesterol levels in 2,827,950 Koreans: A nationwide population-based study

<div><p>Background</p><p>Recent studies suggest a role for hyperlipidemia in the development of diabetes. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between variations of total cholesterol (TC) levels and the risk for type 2 diabetes development from a Korean nationwide population-based database.</p><p>Materials and methods</p><p>We examined the General Health Check-up sub-dataset of the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) of 2,827,950 participants who had at least three health check-ups between 2002 and 2007, and were not reported to have diabetes during that time. The variations of TC levels between the examinations were calculated as follows: . The examinees were divided into 10 groups according to TC variation, and the hazard ratio for diabetes development from 2007 to 2013, were analyzed.</p><p>Results</p><p>During the follow-up period, 3.4% of the participants had developed diabetes. The hazard ratio (HR) for diabetes development relative to the overall risk in the whole study population started to be higher than 1.0 from eighth decile of TC variation. The highest decile group showed an increased HR for diabetes development after adjustment for confounding variables (1.139; 95% confidence interval 1.116~1.163). These results were similar regardless of the use of anti-hyperlipidemic medication and baseline TC levels.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The participants with a large variation in TC levels showed an increased risk for diabetes development, independent of the use of anti-hyperlipidemic medications. These results suggest a relationship between fluctuations in lipid levels and the development of type 2 diabetes.</p></div

Disease-free survival curve for diabetes development according to the total cholesterol variation.

<p>Disease-free survival curve for diabetes development according to the total cholesterol variation.</p

General characteristics of the participants according to the development of diabetes in 2007.

<p>General characteristics of the participants according to the development of diabetes in 2007.</p

HR for diabetes development according to deciles of TC variations.

<p>The HR in this graph express the risk in deciles compared with the average risk in whole study population. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; TC, total cholesterol.</p

Hazard ratio for development of diabetes after adjustment for confounding factors.

<p>Hazard ratio for development of diabetes after adjustment for confounding factors.</p

MOESM1 of Progression of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Study design summarization of the sample recruitment and follow-up. CART, cardiovascular autonomic reflex test; CVD, cardiovascular diseas

MOESM1 of Improved trends in cardiovascular complications among subjects with type 2 diabetes in Korea: a nationwide study (2006–2013)

Additional file 1: Table S1. Study participants (Korean NHIS beneficiaries aged ≥ 30 years) distributed by age and gender

DataSheet_1_External validation and clinical application of the predictive model for severe hypoglycemia.docx

ObjectiveAn internally validated, one-year risk prediction model for severe hypoglycemia (SH) in type 2 diabetes was evaluated in a general hospital setting to externally verify and validate its performance.Research design and methodsBetween December 2017 to December 2019, 2,645 adult patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the diabetes center were enrolled. The receiver operating characteristics curve and Harrell C-statistics were compared to identify the discrimination of the model. The predicted and actual incidence of SH for one year in the development and validation cohorts were compared by ranking participants by deciles of predicted risk.ResultsThe concordance index was 0.878 in the external validation cohort. The sensitivity and specificity of the predictive model were 0.833 and 0.847, respectively. Based on the predicted risk, we stratified the groups into four categories: low (ConclusionOn external validation, the novel one-year SH prediction model showed excellent discrimination in participants with type 2 diabetes and can effectively screen high-risk patients for SH, even in the general hospital setting.</p

Relationship between daily dosage of sulfonylurea regimen and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.

<p>Multivariable logistic regression analysis models were adjusted as follows: model 1: sex, age; model 2: model 1 + diabetes duration, hypertension, HbA_1c; model 3: model 2 + duration of metformin, daily dose of metformin; model 4: model 3 + alcohol, hemoglobin, presence of anemia.</p><p><b>Group 1</b>; glimepiride 1 mg, gliclazide 80 mg, gliclazide MR 30 mg, glibenclamide 5 mg, <b>Group 2</b>; glimepiride 2 mg, gliclazide 160 mg, gliclazide MR 60 mg, glibenclamide 10 mg, <b>Group 3</b>; glimepiride 3 mg, gliclazide 240 mg, gliclazide MR 90 mg, glibenclamide 15 mg, <b>Group 4</b>; glimepiride 4 mg, gliclazide 320 mg, gliclazide MR 120 mg, glibenclamide 20 mg.</p><p>Relationship between daily dosage of sulfonylurea regimen and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.</p