Numerical Analyses of Weakly Nonlinear Velocity-Density Coupling

We study evolution of various statistical quantities of smoothed cosmic density and velocity fields using N-body simulations. The parameter $C\equiv /( )$ characterizes nonlinear coupling of these two fields and determines behavior of bulk velocity dispersion as a function of local density contrast. It is found that this parameter depends strongly on the smoothing scale even in quasi-linear regimes where the skewness parameter $S_3$ is nearly constant and close to the predicted value by the second-order perturbation theory. We also analyze weakly nonlinear effects caused by an adaptive smoothing known as the gather approach.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, to appear in ApJ (558, Sep 10

Determination of total masses of eccentric binaries using signature of periastron advance in gravitational waves

We propose a new method for determining total masses of low frequency eccentric binaries (such as, neutron star binaries with orbital frequency f\gsim 10^{-3}Hz) from their gravitational waves. In this method we use the frequency shift caused by periastron advance, and it works even at low frequency band where chirp signal due to radiation reaction is difficult to be measured. It is shown that the total masses of several Galactic neutron star binaries might be measured accurately (within a few percent error) by LISA with operation period of $\sim 10$ years

A key role for leukemia inhibitory factor in C26 cancer cachexia

Cachexia is an exacerbating event in many types of cancer that is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. We have identified cytokine, signaling, and transcription factors that are required for cachexia in the mouse C26 colon carcinoma model of cancer. C2C12 myotubes treated with conditioned medium from C26 cancer cells induced atrophy and activated a STAT-dependent reporter gene but not reporter genes dependent on SMAD, FOXO, C/EBP, NF-κB, or AP-1. Of the gp130 family members IL-11, IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), only OSM and LIF were sufficient to activate the STAT reporter in myotubes. LIF was elevated in C26 conditioned medium (CM), but IL-6, OSM, TNFα, and myostatin were not. A LIF-blocking antibody abolished C26 CM-induced STAT reporter activation, STAT3 phosphorylation, and myotube atrophy but blocking antibodies to IL-6 or OSM did not. JAK2 inhibitors also blocked C26 CM-induced STAT reporter activation, STAT3 phosphorylation, and atrophy in myotubes. LIF at levels found in the C26 CM was sufficient for STAT reporter activation and atrophy in myotubes. In vivo, an increase in serum LIF preceded the increase in IL-6 in mice with C26 tumors. Overexpression of a dominant negative Stat3Cβ-EGFP gene in myotubes and in mouse muscle blocked the atrophy caused by C26 CM or C26 tumors, respectively. Taken together, these data support an important role of LIF-JAK2-STAT3 in C26 cachexia and point to a therapeutic approach for at least some types of cancer cachexia.R01 AR060217 - NIAMS NIH HHS; UL1 TR000157 - NCATS NIH HHS; UL1-TR000157 - NCATS NIH HHShttp://www.jbc.org/content/290/32/19976.full.pdf?sid=936d126d-814b-4f54-961d-0e98caa31314Published versio

Detecting a gravitational-wave background with next-generation space interferometers

Future missions of gravitational-wave astronomy will be operated by space-based interferometers, covering very wide range of frequency. Search for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (GWBs) is one of the main targets for such missions, and we here discuss the prospects for direct measurement of isotropic and anisotropic components of (primordial) GWBs around the frequency 0.1-10 Hz. After extending the theoretical basis for correlation analysis, we evaluate the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio for the proposed future space interferometer missions, like Big-Bang Observer (BBO), Deci-Hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observer (DECIGO) and recently proposed Fabry-Perot type DECIGO. The astrophysical foregrounds which are expected at low frequency may be a big obstacle and significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of GWBs. As a result, minimum detectable amplitude may reach h^2 \ogw = 10^{-15} \sim 10^{-16}, as long as foreground point sources are properly subtracted. Based on correlation analysis, we also discuss measurement of anisotropies of GWBs. As an example, the sensitivity level required for detecting the dipole moment of GWB induced by the proper motion of our local system is closely examined.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, references added, typos correcte

Unbinding Transition Induced by Osmotic Pressure in Relation to Unilamellar Vesicle Formation

Small-angle X-ray scattering and phase-contrast microscopy experiments were performed to investigate the effect of the osmotic pressure on vesicle formation in a dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC)/water/NaI system. Multi-lamellar vesicles were formed when a pure lipid film was hydrated with an aqueous solution of NaI. On the other hand, uni-lamellar vesicles (ULVs) were formed when a lipid film mixed with an enough amount of NaI was hydrated. To confirm the effect of the osmotic pressure due to NaI, a free-energy calculation was performed. This result showed that the osmotic pressure induced an unbinding transition on the hydration process, which resulted in ULV formation

Hubungan Kausalitas Antara Tingkat Upah Dan Produktivitas Tenaga Pada Industri Tekstil, Furniture Dan Pakaian Jadi Di Daerah Istimewa YOGYAKARTA (Tahun 1983-2002)

Penelitian ini meneliti pola hubungan kausalitas dua arah antara tingkatupah dan produkttfitas tenaga krja pada industri tekstil, pakaian jadi dan furnituredi Daerah Istimeula Yogtakarta pada tahun 1983- 2002 dengan menggunakan ujiktusalitas granger dan diperoleh hasil dinana pada industri tekstil dan paknianjaditerjadi hubungan satu arah antara produktrfitas dan upah tenaga kerja sedangkanpada industri furniture terjadi hubungan kausalitas dua arqh antara produhifitastenaga kerja dan tingkat upah pada lag

Detecting the Cosmic Gravitational Wave Background with the Big Bang Observer

The detection of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) was one of the most important cosmological discoveries of the last century. With the development of interferometric gravitational wave detectors, we may be in a position to detect the gravitational equivalent of the CMB in this century. The Cosmic Gravitational Background (CGB) is likely to be isotropic and stochastic, making it difficult to distinguish from instrument noise. The contribution from the CGB can be isolated by cross-correlating the signals from two or more independent detectors. Here we extend previous studies that considered the cross-correlation of two Michelson channels by calculating the optimal signal to noise ratio that can be achieved by combining the full set of interferometry variables that are available with a six link triangular interferometer. In contrast to the two channel case, we find that the relative orientation of a pair of coplanar detectors does not affect the signal to noise ratio. We apply our results to the detector design described in the Big Bang Observer (BBO) mission concept study and find that BBO could detect a background with $\Omega_{gw} > 2.2 \times 10^{-17}$.Comment: 15 pages, 12 Figure