Natural and artificial radioactivity levels and hazards of soils in the Kücük Menderes Basin, Turkey

In this study, natural and artificial radionuclide activity concentrations in surface soils of Kucuk Menderes Basin have been measured using gamma spectroscopy. The soil samples were collected from agricultural lands in the Kucuk Menderes Basin in Turkey. The activity concentrations of Ra-226, Th-232, K-40 and Cs-137 in the soils were found to be range of 12.63 +/- A 2.28-72.51 +/- A 11.23, 11.45 +/- A 2.4-58.12 +/- A 4.76, 234.8 +/- A 14.85-1058.52 +/- A 24 Bq kg(-1) dw and 2.31 +/- A 0.18-7.75 +/- A 1.14 Bq kg(-1), respectively. The natural gamma radioactivity of the terrestrial radionuclides in soil samples and the gamma absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose equivalent, the radium equivalent activity, the external hazard index, were calculated and compared with the international recommended values.WOS:0003349135000272-s2.0-8489948111

Determining the adaptation of patients to follow-up, medicine, and diet after total thyroidectomy

Aim: Thyroid nodules are a common condition. For this reason, surgeons have lots of operation in this area. There are basic rules that patients should follow after this surgery. In this study, It is aimed to determine the adaptation of patients to follow-up, medicine, and diet after a total thyroidectomy. Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 patients in the Endocrinology and internal Medicine Clinics at Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital and the Department of Endocrinology. The data were collected using the Patient Assessment Form, the Beliefs About Medication Compliance Scale (BMCS) and the Beliefs about Dietary Compliance Scale (BDCS). Results: The mean age of the patients in the study sample (n=108) 47.03 +/- 10.55 years. The details about the subjects were as follows:50% of them were women, 88.9% were married, 35.2% were graduated from primary school, 36.1% were self-employed, 41.7% were informed about thyroid disease. 34.3% were examined by a physician once in three months, 41.7% thought this frequency of inspections is adequate, 70.4% stated that they will accept to have surgery again if they need any surgery, 41.7% of them used levothyroxine (0.5-1 tb). When the mean scores of the patients in the Beliefs About Medication Compliance Scale (BMCS) and the Beliefs about Dietary Compliance Scale (BDCS) were examined, the highest mean scores were found in the perception of benefit subscale for both scales, 21.14 +/- 2.87 and 23.38 +/- 3.34, respectively. Discussion: It was thought that the perception of benefit and adaptation are positively correlated, it was also thought that informing after the intervention improves the adaptation

Concentrations of 137_{Cs} in sediment and waters of Buyuk Menderes river and Dilek Peninsula Buyuk Menderes delta

Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi kıyı şeridinde yer alan Dilek Yarım Adası Büyük Menderes Deltası ve Büyük Menderes Nehri'nden mevsimsel olarak alman sediment ve su örneklerinde bulunan 137_{Cs} konsantrasyonları gama spektroskopisi ile tayin edilmiştir. Sediment ve yüzey suyu örneklerinde tayin edilen 137_{Cs} konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 0,350,03 ve 1,300,15 Bq kg"1, 1,100,12 ve 1,850,16 Bq m"3, arasında değişmektedir.In this study were determined the concentrations of 137_{Cs} in sediment and waters collected from Buyuk Menderes River and Dilek Peninsula Buyuk Menderes Delta in coast of Aegean Sea for seasonally using by gamma spectrometry. The concentrations of 137_{Cs} in sediment and surface water samples varies between 0.35±0.03 and 1.30±0.15 Bq kg"1, 1.10±0.12 and 1.85±0.16 Bq nr3, respectively. Keywords: Buyuk Menderes, 137Cs, sediment, water

Levels of Po-210 in some commercial fish species consumed in the Aegean Sea coast of Turkey and the related dose assessment to the coastal population

Concentrations of Po-210 were determined in the edible muscle tissue of five species of marine fish: Sardine (Sardine plichardus) and Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), Red mullet (Mullus barbatus), Horse mackerel (Trachurus trachunis) and Gilt-head sea bream (Sparus aurata) collected from five stations in the Aegean Sea Region of Turkey during the fishery season 2010. The Po-210 concentrations in the fish samples were found to vary from not detected levels to 389 +/- 45 Bq kg(-1) dry wt. These variations in Po-210 content in different species are probably due to differences in metabolism and feeding patterns. The highest levels for Po-210 were observed in Anchovy (E. encrasicolus) species. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.WOS:0003158390000112-s2.0-84871670674PubMed: 2326811

Concentrations of Cs-137 in Sediment and Waters of Buyuk Menderes River and Dilek Peninsula Buyuk Menderes Delta

In this study were determined the concentrations of Cs-137 in sediment and waters collected from Buyuk Menderes River and Dilek Peninsula Buyuk Menderes Delta in coast of Aegean Sea for seasonally using by gamma spectrometry. The concentrations of Cs-137 in sediment and surface water samples varies between 0.35 +/- 0.03 and 1.30 +/- 0.15 Bq kg(-1), 1.10 +/- 0.12 and 1.85 +/- 0.16 Bq m(-3), respectively.WOS:0002991418000082-s2.0-8485543465

Levels of Po-210 and Pb-210 in mussel and sediments in Candarli Gulf and the related dose assessment to the coastal population

Po-210 and Pb-210 in mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and sediment samples collected at Candarli Gulf during the period of 2010-2012 are presented and discussed. The activity concentrations of Po-210 and Pb-210 were measured by means of alpha spectrometry. Activity concentrations of Po-210 and Pb-210 in mussels are in the ranged of 332 +/- 17-776 +/- 23 Bq kg(-1) dw and 14 +/- 1-40 +/- 5 Bq kg(-1) dw, for sediments the ranges for 52 +/- 5-109 +/- 8 Bq kg(-1) dw and 38 +/- 5-92 +/- 9 Bq kg(-1) dw, respectively. The estimated consequent annual effective ingestion dose due to Po-210 and Pb-210 from mussel consumption in Candarli Gulf coastal region were calculated. The highest dose due to Po-210 and Po-210 were calculated to be 4232 +/- 126 mu Sv and 126 +/- 16 mu Sv, respectively. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.WOS:0003235869000152-s2.0-84881027761PubMed: 2382019

TOPRAK ÖRNEKLERİNDE DOĞAL RADYOAKTİVİTE (226Ra, 232Th VE 40K) VE RADYASYON TEHLİKELERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

DergiPark: 741933klujesBu çalışmada Türkiye’de Edirne ve Kırklareli arasından toplanan toprak örneklerinde 226Ra, 232Th ve 40K aktivite konsantrasyonları HPGe gama spektrometre sistemi kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Çalışma alanında 226Ra, 232Th ve 40K radyonüklid konsantrasyonları sırası ile 10.5±1.0 ile 33.3±2.7, 17.4±0.7 ile 56.0±1.9 ve 102.1±14.5 ile 1126.9±15.8 Bq kg-1 arasında değişmektedir. Bu doğal radyonüklidlerin aktivite konsantrasyonları diğer çalışmalarda elde edilen sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca havada soğurulan gama doz oranı, yıllık etkin doz oranı ve radyum eşdeğer aktivitesi de (Raeq) insanlar için radyasyon tehlikesini belirlemek amacıyla değerlendirilmiştir

Distribution of natural radionuclide concentrations in sediment samples in Didim and Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea-Turkey)

Natural and artificial radionuclide pollutants of the marine environment have been recognized as a serious environmental concern. The natural radioactivity activity concentrations of Ra-226, U-238, Th-232 and K-40 were measured by gamma spectrometry in sediment samples collected from two different areas in Aegean Sea Turkish Coast. There is no information about radioactivity level in the study areas sediments so far. The results showed that the concentrations of activity in the sediment samples are 9 +/- 0.6 Bq kg(-1)-12 +/- 0.7 Bq kg(-1), 7 +/- 0.4 Bq kg(-1)-16 +/- 1.0 Bq kg(-1), 6 +/- 0.3 Bq kg(-1)-16 +/- 1.0 Bq kg(-1) and 250 +/- 13 Bq kg(-1)-665 +/- 33 Bq kg(-1) for Ra-226, U-238, Th-232 and K-40, respectively. In general, the distribution of activity concentrations along the coast of the Aegean Sea area were in the same order as international levels. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.WOS:0003076947000092-s2.0-84860163829PubMed: 2254283

Annual effective dose of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil and sediment

In this study, the natural radioactivity level of soils and sediments due to the usage of fertilizers, particularly phosphate fertilizers, in agricultural lands of the Buyuk Menderes River Basin, Western Turkey, have been determined. A total of 40 soil and sediment samples were collected along the Buyuk Menderes River Basin and analyzed for U-238, Th-232, and K-40 radioisotopes using a high-purity germanium detector. The activity concentrations of U-238, Th-232, and K-40 in soils are in the ranges of 32 +/- 4-93 +/- 13, 11 +/- 2-71 +/- 9, and 353 +/- 14-958 +/- 23 Bq kg(-1), and in sediments they are between 22 +/- 6 and 72 +/- 10, 7.3 +/- 0.6 and 50 +/- 5, and 310 +/- 16 and 633 +/- 25, respectively. In addition, to determine the hazard from natural radioactivity, the external terrestrial gamma dose rate in air (nGy h(-1)) and annual effective dose rate (mSv y(-1)) were calculated and compared with internationally recommended values. In soil samples, the average external terrestrial gamma dose rate in air was found to be 80.2 nGy h(-1) and the average annual effective dose is 0.1 mSv.WOS:0003435981000032-s2.0-8492105045

Didim ve İzmir Körfezi sediment, deniz suyu ve farklı deniz organizmalarında bazı radyonüklid ve ağır metal düzeylerinin izlenmesi

Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi kıyı şeridinde yer alan Didim ve İzmir Körfezi’nden aylık olarak toplanmış olan sediment, deniz suyu, çeşitli türde balık ve kara midyelerde (Mytilus galloprovincialis) bulunan 210Po, 210Pb ve 137Cs radyonüklidleri alfa ve gama spektroskopisi ile tayin edilmiş, ayrıca Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, Mn, Ni, Pb, Cr gibi ağır metallerin miktarı ICP-OES ile ölçülmüştür. Midye (Mytilus galloprovincialis) örneklerinde tayin edilen 210Po ve 210Pb konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 34±9 ile 2303±383 Bq kg-1 ve ND (dedeksiyon limitinin altında) ile 64±6 Bq kg-1 (kuru ağırlık) arasında değişmektedir. Sedimentlerdeki 210Po ve 210Pb konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 24±5 ile 126±6 Bq kg-1 ve 18±3 ile 59±4 Bq kg-1 (kuru ağırlık) arasında değişmektedir. Örnekleme periyodu süresince yüzeyden alınan deniz suyu örneklerindeki 210Po konsantrasyonları ortalama 0.006±0.004 Bq L-1’dir. Balıklar arasında Sardalya (Sardina pilchardus) gibi planktonla beslenen küçük pelajik balıklar daha fazla 210Po biriktirme eğilimindedirler. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen ağır metal bulgularına göre, midye örneklerinde Cd 0.4-2.1 μg g-1; Cr 0.6-2.7 μg g-1; Cu 1.4-8.4 μg g-1; Fe 22-541 μg g-1; Mn 1.1-12.6 μg g-1; Ni 0.2-2.5 μg g-1; Pb 0.4- 1.3 μg g-1; Zn 31-162 μg g-1 (kuru ağırlık), sediment örneklerinde Cd ND; Cr 9-65 μg g-1; Cu 3-38 μg g-1; Fe 1271-18470 μg g-1; Mn 42-542 μg g-1; Ni 3-33 μg g-1; Pb ND-16 μg g-1; Zn 3-85 μg g-1 (kuru ağırlık), Sardalya (Sardine plichardus) örneklerinde Cd 0.1-2.1 μg g-1; Cr 0.3-4.6 μg g-1; Cu 1.9-17.5 μg g-1; Fe 18.5-163.7 μg g-1; Mn 0.9-11.6 μg g-1; Ni 0.1-3.2 μg g-1; Pb 0.1-1.6 μg g-1; Zn 19.8-106.1 μg g-1 (kuru ağırlık), arasındaki değerlerde bulunmuştur. Midye sediment ve balık örneklerindeki Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb ve Zn değerleri (balıkta Cd hariç) kabul edilebilir sınırların altında bulunmuştur. Midye, sediment, balık ve deniz suyu örneklerindeki 137Cs konsantrasyonları ise düşük bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre radyonüklid ve ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının aylara ve bölgelere bağlı olarak değişimler gösterdikleri saptanmıştır. Didim ve İzmir Körfezi’nin çalışılan dönemde incelenen radyonüklid ve ağır metal konsantrasyonları bakımından biyolojik ve ekolojik dengeyi tehdit edici bir risk taşımadığı söylenebilir