Effects of pot fishing on the physical condition of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) and southern Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi)

The effects of commercial fishing with crab pots on the physical condition of the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) and southern Tanner crab (C. bairdi) were investigated in the Bering Sea and in Russian waters of the Sea of Okhotsk. In crabs that were subjected to pot hauling, the presence of gas embolism and the deformation of gill lamellae were found in histopathological investigations. Crab vitality, which was characterized subjectively through observation of behavioral responses, depended on not only the number of pot hauls but also the time between hauls. Immediately after repeated pot hauls at short time intervals (≤3 days), we observed a rapid decline in vitality of crabs. When hauling intervals were increased to >3 days, the condition of crabs did not significantly change. After repeated pot hauls, concentration of the respiratory pigment hemocyanin ([Hc]) was often lower in the hemolymph of crabs than in the hemolymph of freshly caught animals. Our research indicated that changes in [Hc] in crabs after repeated pot hauls were caused by the effects of decompression and not by starvation of crabs in pots or exposure of crabs to air. We suggest that the decrease in [Hc] in hemolymph of snow and southern Tanner crabs was a response to the adverse effects of decompression and air-bubble disease. The decrease in [Hc] in affected crabs may be a result of mechanisms that regulate internal pressure in damaged gills to optimize respiratory circulation

MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF TRAINING AND EVALUATION OF COMPETENCE QUALITY ACQUISITION IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

The work presents an original model of competence-approach education quality evaluation, based on assessment of latent disposal variable, including dynamics. We offer methods for group work arrangement and its quality evaluation

The Change in the Scheme of ore Dressing Processing Bauxite STBR at the Branch of JSC “SUAL” “UAZ – SUAL”

Представлены данные по изменению схемы размола боксита СТБР в глиноземном производстве филиала ОАО «СУАЛ» «УАЗ – СУАЛ», показаны результаты опытно-промышленных испытаний при изменении схемы с переводом с двухстадийной на одностадийную схему, с использованием в качестве классификаторов гидроциклонов и дугового грохота, а также при остановке второй стадии классификацииPresents data on the change in the scheme of grinding STBR bauxite in alumina refinery branch of JSC “SUAL” “UAZ – SUAL”, shows the results of trials when the schema changes are translated from two-stage to single-stage scheme, using as classifiers, hydro cyclones and banana types; and without the second stage of classificatio

The Change in the Scheme of ore Dressing Processing Bauxite STBR at the Branch of JSC “SUAL” “UAZ – SUAL”

Представлены данные по изменению схемы размола боксита СТБР в глиноземном производстве филиала ОАО «СУАЛ» «УАЗ – СУАЛ», показаны результаты опытно-промышленных испытаний при изменении схемы с переводом с двухстадийной на одностадийную схему, с использованием в качестве классификаторов гидроциклонов и дугового грохота, а также при остановке второй стадии классификацииPresents data on the change in the scheme of grinding STBR bauxite in alumina refinery branch of JSC “SUAL” “UAZ – SUAL”, shows the results of trials when the schema changes are translated from two-stage to single-stage scheme, using as classifiers, hydro cyclones and banana types; and without the second stage of classificatio

The Prototype of a Fast Vertical Ionosonde Based on Modern Software-Defined Radio Devices

The description and test results of the prototype of a fast ionosonde for the vertical sounding of the ionosphere, which makes it possible to record ionograms once a second, are presented. Such a high rate of registration of ionograms is required to study the fast processes of redistribution of electron concentration during heating experiments, for registration of fast quasiperiodic and moving ionospheric disturbances in the F, E, and Es layers. The key feature of the presented development is the usage of publicly available radio-electronic components. This provided a significant reduction in the cost of creating the prototype. In the current version, the prototype is based on the software-defined radio (SDR) devices Red Pitaya SDRlab 122-16 and LimeSDR. The test results showed that the quality of the ionograms recorded using the prototype is not worse than the quality of ionograms recorded using the professional CADI ionosonde. The low cost of the components allows providing multi-position registration of ionograms for determination the dynamics of natural and artificial ionospheric disturbances in 3D region of space at a lower expenses rate, as well as to create a network of ionospheric observation points with an increased number of ionosondes

Urinary Protein and Peptide Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-specific type of kidney disease that causes a gradual decline in kidney function (from months to years). CKD is a significant risk factor for death, cardiovascular disease, and end-stage renal disease. CKDs of different origins may have the same clinical and laboratory manifestations but different progression rates, which requires early diagnosis to determine. This review focuses on protein/peptide biomarkers of the leading causes of CKD: diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and membranous nephropathy. Mass spectrometry (MS) approaches provided the most information about urinary peptide and protein contents in different nephropathies. New analytical approaches allow urinary proteomic–peptide profiles to be used as early non-invasive diagnostic tools for specific morphological forms of kidney disease and may become a safe alternative to renal biopsy. MS studies of the key pathogenetic mechanisms of renal disease progression may also contribute to developing new approaches for targeted therapy

Potential Urine Proteomic Biomarkers for Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Minimal Change Disease

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), along with minimal change disease (MCD), are diseases with primary podocyte damage that are clinically manifested by the nephrotic syndrome. The pathogenesis of these podocytopathies is still unknown, and therefore, the search for biomarkers of these diseases is ongoing. Our aim was to determine of the proteomic profile of urine from patients with FSGS and MCD. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of FSGS (n = 30) and MCD (n = 9) were recruited for the study. For a comprehensive assessment of the severity of FSGS a special index was introduced, which was calculated as follows: the first score was assigned depending on the level of eGFR, the second score—depending on the proteinuria level, the third score—resistance to steroid therapy. Patients with the sum of these scores of less than 3 were included in group 1, with 3 or more—in group 2. The urinary proteome was analyzed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The proteome profiles of patients with severe progressive FSGS from group 2, mild FSGS from group 1 and MCD were compared. Results of the label free analysis were validated using targeted LC-MS based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with stable isotope labelled peptide standards (SIS) available for 47 of the 76 proteins identified as differentiating between at least one pair of groups. Quantitative MRM SIS validation measurements for these 47 proteins revealed 22 proteins with significant differences between at least one of the two group pairs and 14 proteins were validated for both comparisons. In addition, all of the 22 proteins validated by MRM SIS analysis showed the same direction of change as at the discovery stage with label-free LC-MS analysis, i.e., up or down regulation in MCD and FSGS1 against FSGS2. Patients from the FSGS group 2 showed a significantly different profile from both FSGS group 1 and MCD. Among the 47 significantly differentiating proteins, the most significant were apolipoprotein A-IV, hemopexin, vitronectin, gelsolin, components of the complement system (C4b, factors B and I), retinol- and vitamin D-binding proteins. Patients with mild form of FSGS and MCD showed lower levels of Cystatin C, gelsolin and complement factor I