244 research outputs found

    : Entretien avec Birgitta Orfali Janvier 2005

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    Archives ouvertes du IIAC UMR8177, responsable Eliane Daphy.International audienceIn this interview Birgitta Orfali asks Serge Moscovici about the specificity of his social psychological triadic model. Rather than underline disciplinary theories or concepts, the aim of this interview is to inquire how the triadic model permits an approach to both of its originality in social psychology and its impact on larger fields of application than just strictly scientific areas.Dans cette interview, Birgitta Orfali interroge Serge Moscovici sur la spécificité du regard psychosocial afin de souligner l'importance, non de théories ou de concepts disciplinaires, mais d'un regard qui permet d'appréhender à la fois l'originalité de la psychologie sociale et son impact sur des domaines autres que seulement scientifiques

    The social psychological triadic model

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    In this interview Birgitta Orfali asks Serge Moscovici about the specificity of his social psychological triadic model. Rather than underline disciplinary theories or concepts, the aim of this interview is to inquire how the triadic model permits an approach to both of its originality in social psychology and its impact on larger fields of application than just strictly scientific areas.Dans cette interview, Birgitta Orfali interroge Serge Moscovici sur la spécificité du regard psychosocial afin de souligner l'importance, non de théories ou de concepts disciplinaires, mais d'un regard qui permet d'appréhender à la fois l'originalité de la psychologie sociale et son impact sur des domaines autres que seulement scientifiques

    Os ciganos entre perseguição e emancipação

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    Toda sociedade que classifica os homens e separa os grupos autĂłctones dos grupos “estrangeiros” inclui um sistema de crenças, religiosas ou outras. Suas representaçÔes obedecem a uma norma que dĂĄ a seus atos um sentido Ă©tico. Esses atos nĂŁo sĂŁo cometidos por criminosos ou loucos, mas por pessoas que sabem o que Ă© permitido ou proibido, qual Ă© a diferença entre o bem e o mal. O ponto de partida das reflexĂ”es apresentadas Ă© que estereĂłtipos ”“ categorias discriminando grupos em brancos e negros, cristĂŁos e judeus, franceses e alemĂŁes, indĂ­genas e espanhĂłis, ciganos e romenos, etc. ”“ constituem, em suma, um modo de conhecimento com a função de opor os “semelhantes” preferidos aos “diferentes” desprezĂ­veis, de distinguir aqueles que nĂŁo sĂŁo como nĂłs.    &nbsp

    Les thĂšmes d'une psychologie politique

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    Une des questions non résolues de la fin du XIXe siÚcle à nos jours est de mieux comprendre la place des troubles individuels et collectifs dans les désordres sociaux. Suivant donc le courant issu d'une problématique médicale de la fin du XIXe qui partait de la double logique pathologique, celle de l'individu et celle de la société, ce numéro tente de répondre aux questions suivantes : Peut-il y avoir des individus libres dans une société de masse? En quoi réside l'autonomie individuelle quand domine le rÚgne du collectif? Les désordres individuels sont-ils autre chose que le reflet des désordres sociaux? Trois parties : 1. Désordre individuel et désordre social, avec des textes de H. Bernheim, G. Tarde, A. Hamon, P. Aubry et A. Binet entre autres. 2. Psychologie politique. 3. Psychanalyse et politique, avec un extrait de la correspondance S. Freud-A. Einstei

    Rational Group Decision Making. A random field Ising model at T=0

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    A modified version of a finite random field Ising ferromagnetic model in an external magnetic field at zero temperature is presented to describe group decision making. Fields may have a non-zero average. A postulate of minimum inter-individual conflicts is assumed. Interactions then produce a group polarization along one very choice which is however randomly selected. A small external social pressure is shown to have a drastic effect on the polarization. Individual bias related to personal backgrounds, cultural values and past experiences are introduced via quenched local competing fields. They are shown to be instrumental in generating a larger spectrum of collective new choices beyond initial ones. In particular, compromise is found to result from the existence of individual competing bias. Conflict is shown to weaken group polarization. The model yields new psycho-sociological insights about consensus and compromise in groups.Comment: 25 pages, late

    Laboratoire de psychologie sociale

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    Serge Moscovici, directeur d’études et Saadi Lahlou, chef du laboratoire de design cognitif Ă  EDF Les sociĂ©tĂ©s pensantes : intranets et Internet Le sĂ©minaire s’est dĂ©roulĂ© en quatre sĂ©ances, principalement destinĂ©es aux membres du laboratoire dans la mesure oĂč il s’agit d’une problĂ©matique exploratoire. Internet est un espace dont les propriĂ©tĂ©s pragmatiques diffĂšrent de l’espace social traditionnel, habitĂ© par des objets matĂ©riels : l’inscription (enregistrement de texte, image, son) y rempl..

    Laboratoire de psychologie sociale

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    Serge Moscovici, directeur d’études et Saadi Lahlou, chef du laboratoire de design cognitif Ă  EDF Les sociĂ©tĂ©s pensantes : intranets et Internet Le sĂ©minaire s’est dĂ©roulĂ© en quatre sĂ©ances, principalement destinĂ©es aux membres du laboratoire dans la mesure oĂč il s’agit d’une problĂ©matique exploratoire. Internet est un espace dont les propriĂ©tĂ©s pragmatiques diffĂšrent de l’espace social traditionnel, habitĂ© par des objets matĂ©riels : l’inscription (enregistrement de texte, image, son) y rempl..

    Group Polarization in the Team Dictator Game reconsidered

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    While most papers on team decision-making find teams to behave more selfish, less trusting and less altruistic than individuals, Cason and Mui (1997) report that teams are more altruistic than individuals in a dictator game. Using a within-subjects design we re-examine group polarization by letting subjects make individual as well as team decisions in an experimental dictator game. In our experiment teams are more selfish than individuals, and the most selfish team member has the strongest influence on team decisions. Various sources of the different findings in Cason and Mui (1997) and in our paper are discussed

    Just use it! Linguistic conversion and identities of resistance amongst Galician new speakers

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    In recent years there has been a focus in language policy research on understanding how national policies are interpreted and negotiated by social actors on the ground. This paper looks at the interplay between government and grassroots initiatives to create Galician-speaking spaces in predominantly Spanish-speaking urban settings. While official language policies in Galicia since the 1980s have increased the potential for language use through bilingual educational policies, these policies have failed to convert the large pool of potential speakers amongst a younger generation of Galicians into active language users. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and in-depth interviews with Galician neofalantes (new speakers) this paper looks at instances where such policies seem to have worked and where the linguistic capacity created through the education system has been converted into active language use. The article examines how such speakers rationalise their practice of linguistic conversion not as success stories of language policy but as reactions to and dissatisfaction with what is perceived as ‘top-down’ governmentality through a reflexive process in which existing power structures are brought into question. The article looks specifically as the ideologies underpinning their decisions to become active speakers and the role they play as language planners in contemporary Galicia

    RepresentaçÔes sociais sobre a permanĂȘncia na docĂȘncia: o que dizem docentes do ensino fundamental?

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    Resumo Este estudo objetivou analisar as representaçÔes sociais de professores do ensino fundamental de escolas pĂșblicas sobre a sua permanĂȘncia na docĂȘncia na perspectiva das objetivaçÔes e ancoragens que organizam essas representaçÔes. A metodologia seguida consistiu na pesquisa de carĂĄter descritivo e analĂ­tico com referĂȘncia na Teoria das RepresentaçÔes Sociais. A amostra envolveu 25 professores dos sexos feminino e masculino que trabalham no ensino fundamental. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de informaçÔes seguiu a tĂ©cnica Q que consistiu na ordenação de setenta itens prĂ©-elaborados sobre a temĂĄtica em estudo para serem organizados por ordem de importĂąncia de acordo com cada informante. A anĂĄlise das informaçÔes dos professores apĂłs registro seguiu os procedimentos da referida tĂ©cnica, baseado no desvio padrĂŁo. Os resultados deste estudo destacam que as representaçÔes sociais de professores sobre a permanĂȘncia na docĂȘncia se organizam da seguinte forma: os docentes do grupo 1 selecionaram frases com sentidos desmotivadores para a permanĂȘncia na profissĂŁo docente. Enquanto que os motivos que os docentes do grupo 2 elegem frases que expressam elementos motivadores para a permanĂȘncia na docĂȘncia. Conclui-se que existem polaridades entre as objetivaçÔes e as ancoragens nas representaçÔes sociais desses professores. As imagens tecidas sobre a profissĂŁo de professor editam uma profissĂŁo prazerosa, enquanto que os sentidos atribuĂ­dos sĂŁo desprazerosos e desmotivadores para a permanĂȘncia na profissĂŁo
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