Measurements and Characterization of Twisted Radio Wave Multipath for Indoor Wireless Communication and Security System

This paper presents a novel twisted radio wave based wireless communication system that has the capability to discriminate against strong reflections in indoor multipath environment. The twisted wave transmitter is designed using a uniform circular array, which is capable of transmitting different OAM modes simultaneously and the receiver is designed to match to the transmitted OAM mode. The measurement results obtained from the experiments carried out in different indoor environments and different propagation scenarios show that our proposed twisted radio wave system can provide a stable transmission link even in the presence of existing ZigBee and Wi-Fi signals, which are operating in the same frequency band. A good general agreement between the simulations and measurement results shows the accuracy and applicability of our proposed wireless communication system in such indoor multipath environments

Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (Pinteraction = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications

A Localization Scheme Using Bi-Directional Metrics Joint Estimation

This paper presents a novel localization scheme that leverages on the joint estima- tion of the Angle of Arrival (AOA) and the Time of Arrival (TOA) at the mobile and reference devices. A two-step least squares (LS) location estimator that utilizes the TOA and AOA infor- mation at both the reference and mobile devices is developed. Numerical simulation results in a typical environment demonstrate that the proposed joint localization scheme which uses only one Line of Sight (LOS) reference device, provide much better location accuracy compared to the conventional unidirectional TOA and TOA/AOA localization schemes, which use disjoint metric estimation and three reference devices

Single reference mobile localization in multipath environment

A wireless localisation scheme which requires just one reference device to estimate the mobile location is presented. The proposed scheme utilises the joint time-of-arrival and angle-of-arrival estimation of the line-of-sight path measured at both mobile and reference devices to construct areas of possible mobile devices (APMDs). The intersection of these APMDs will give an estimation of an MD location. Simulations in light and heavy multipath environments show that the performance of the proposed single reference localisation scheme dramatically improved the location accuracy as compared with the conventional localisation techniques that use four reference devices

Virtual reference device-based NLOS localization in multipath environment

This letter presents a novel non-line-of-sight (NLOS) localization scheme based on the concept of virtual reference device. The position of virtual reference device for each NLOS path can be determined if the initial mobile device position can be estimated or when the mobile device transits from LOS to NLOS region. With the position of virtual reference devices, the subsequent localization of mobile device requires only one signal path. Simulation and experiment conducted in indoor multipath environment show that the performance of our proposed localization scheme surpasses the existing localization schemes by a significant margin at all simulated and measured locations

Elliptical lagrange-based NLOS tracking localization scheme

This paper presents a novel tracking localization scheme that requires only a single dominant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) path and its corresponding scattering point. The position of the scattering point arising out of the dominant one bounce NLOS scattering path can be estimated using the proposed two-step elliptical Lagrange constrained optimization method if the initial position of the mobile device (MD) can be estimated or when the MD transits from line-of-sight (LOS) to a NLOS region. With the dominant NLOS path and corresponding scattering point, the subsequent trajectory of the MD can be estimated. Simulation and empirical data through channel measurement experimentation in two different multipath environments have shown that our proposed NLOS localization scheme surpassed existing NLOS localization schemes by significant margins, especially at high TOA and AOA noise due to, e.g., low bandwidth and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)

A Localization Scheme Using Bi-Directional Metrics Joint Estimation

This paper presents a novel localization scheme that leverages on the joint estima- tion of the Angle of Arrival (AOA) and the Time of Arrival (TOA) at the mobile and reference devices. A two-step least squares (LS) location estimator that utilizes the TOA and AOA infor- mation at both the reference and mobile devices is developed. Numerical simulation results in a typical environment demonstrate that the proposed joint localization scheme which uses only one Line of Sight (LOS) reference device, provide much better location accuracy compared to the conventional unidirectional TOA and TOA/AOA localization schemes, which use disjoint metric estimation and three reference devices

Breast cancer in Singapore: Trends in incidence 1968-1992

10.1093/ije/25.1.40International Journal of Epidemiology25140-45IJEP

Lung cancer among Chinese females in Singapore 1968-1992: Time trends, dialect group differences and implications for aetiology

10.1093/ije/27.2.167International Journal of Epidemiology272167-172IJEP

Lactobacillus species is more cytotoxic to human bladder cancer cells than Mycobacterium bovis (bacillus calmette-guerin)

Journal of Urology16852236-2239JOUR