Technology convergence network of industries.

<p>(a) from 1997 to 2001, (b) from 2002 to 2006 and (c) from 2007 to 2011. Consult <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192195#pone.0192195.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> for the symbols representing the technology fields. The node size is proportional to the number of patent applications corresponding to the field of technology; however, it should be noted that each node has the minimal size for the sake of visibility.</p

Technology convergence network of PRIs.

<p>(a) from 1997 to 2001, (b) from 2002 to 2006 and (c) from 2007 to 2011. Consult <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192195#pone.0192195.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> for the symbols representing the technology fields. The node size is proportional to the number of patent applications corresponding to the field of technology; however, it should be noted that each node has the minimal size for the sake of visibility.</p

Changes in the correlational characteristics of the technology convergence networks across institution type.

<p>The Spearman correlation coefficients (<i>r</i>_<i>s</i>) between the types of institutions were calculated using node strength.</p

Top five combinations of technology fields in technology convergence network by institution type, based on technological closeness, from 2007 to 2011.

<p>Top five combinations of technology fields in technology convergence network by institution type, based on technological closeness, from 2007 to 2011.</p

Overview of the previous literature on technology convergence that implemented network analyses.

<p>Overview of the previous literature on technology convergence that implemented network analyses.</p

Evolution of technology convergence networks in Korea: Characteristics of temporal changes in R&D according to institution type - Fig 1

<p>Changes in (a) the number of technology convergence patents filed by industries and (b) the numbers of technology convergence patents filed by public research institutes (PRIs) and universities with regard to application year. The relative fractions (<i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., the ratio of the number of such patents by institution type to the total number of patent applications per annum) of PRI-, university- and industry-filed technology convergence patents with regard to application year is shown in (c).</p

Characteristics of technology convergence networks by institution type.

<p>Characteristics of technology convergence networks by institution type.</p

Technology convergence network of universities.

<p>(a) from 1997 to 2001, (b) from 2002 to 2006 and (c) from 2007 to 2011. Consult <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192195#pone.0192195.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> for the symbols representing the technology fields. The node size is proportional to the number of patent applications corresponding to the field of technology; however, it should be noted that each node has the minimal size for the sake of visibility.</p

Description of symbols used in Figs 2, 3 and 4 corresponding to the technology sectors and fields given in the IPC-Technology Concordance Table (WIPO, 2012).

<p>Description of symbols used in Figs <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192195#pone.0192195.g002" target="_blank">2</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192195#pone.0192195.g003" target="_blank">3</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192195#pone.0192195.g004" target="_blank">4</a> corresponding to the technology sectors and fields given in the IPC-Technology Concordance Table (WIPO, 2012).</p

Top five node strength (in parentheses) of technology fields in technology convergence network by institution type, grouped into three periods.

<p>Top five node strength (in parentheses) of technology fields in technology convergence network by institution type, grouped into three periods.</p