4,673 research outputs found
Distribution of Caustic-Crossing Intervals for Galactic Binary-Lens Microlensing Events
Detection of caustic crossings of binary-lens gravitational microlensing
events is important because by detecting them one can obtain useful information
both about the lens and source star. In this paper, we compute the distribution
of the intervals between two successive caustic crossings, , for
Galactic bulge binary-lens events to investigate the observational strategy for
the optimal detection and resolution of caustic crossings. From this
computation, we find that the distribution is highly skewed toward short
and peaks at days. For the maximal detection
of caustic crossings, therefore, prompt initiation of followup observations for
intensive monitoring of events will be important. We estimate that under the
strategy of the current followup observations with a second caustic-crossing
preparation time of days, the fraction of events with resolvable
caustic crossing is . We find that if the followup observations can
be initiated within 1 day after the first caustic crossing by adopting more
aggressive observational strategies, the detection rate can be improved into
.Comment: total 6 pages, including 5 Figures and no Table, submitted to MNRA
Do Financial Analysts Facilitate Investorsâ Assessment Of Earnings?: Evidence From The Korean Stock Market
This paper seeks to enhance our understanding of financial analysts in assisting market investorsâ use of accounting earnings in the Korean stock market. We examine whether stock returns differentially reflect earnings information for firms with analyst coverage. We propose that the role of analysts as external monitors as well as information intermediaries enhances the market investorsâ valuation of earnings. We find that market valuation of earnings is higher for firms with analyst following. Furthermore, market investorsâ valuation of earnings increases (or decreases) with the number of analysts (or with the dispersion of analystsâ forecasts). This suggests that the beneficial effect of analysts arises through the quantity and quality of analystsâ information. This study contributes to the literature by investigating the important role of analysts in emerging market
Treatment effect analysis of early reemployment bonus program : panel MLE and mode-based semiparametric estimator for interval truncation
We use Korean data to find the ef fects of Early Reemployment Bonus (ERB) on unemployment duration; ERB is a bonus that the eligible unemployed receive if they find a job before their unemployment insurance benefit expires. A naive approach would be comparing the ERB receiving group with the non-receiving group, but the ERB receipt is partly determined by the unemployment duration itself (thus, an endogeneity problem). Interestingly, there were many individuals who did not receive the ERB despite being fully eligible, and this is attributed to being unaware of the ERB scheme. Taking this as a âpseudo randomizationâ, we construct treatment and control groups using only the eligible. Our data set is an unbalanced panel with the response variable interval-truncated due to eligibility requirement of the ERB. We propose a panel random-effect MLE and a semiparametric âmode-basedâ estimator for the interval-truncated response. Our empirical finding is that the effect varies much, depending on individual characteristics. As for the mean effects, whereas the MLE indicates large duration-shortening effects, the semiparametric estimator shows much weaker and mostly insignificant effects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
FiFo: Fishbone Forwarding in Massive IoT Networks
Massive Internet of Things (IoT) networks have a wide range of applications,
including but not limited to the rapid delivery of emergency and disaster
messages. Although various benchmark algorithms have been developed to date for
message delivery in such applications, they pose several practical challenges
such as insufficient network coverage and/or highly redundant transmissions to
expand the coverage area, resulting in considerable energy consumption for each
IoT device. To overcome this problem, we first characterize a new performance
metric, forwarding efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of the coverage
probability to the average number of transmissions per device, to evaluate the
data dissemination performance more appropriately. Then, we propose a novel and
effective forwarding method, fishbone forwarding (FiFo), which aims to improve
the forwarding efficiency with acceptable computational complexity. Our FiFo
method completes two tasks: 1) it clusters devices based on the unweighted pair
group method with the arithmetic average; and 2) it creates the main axis and
sub axes of each cluster using both the expectation-maximization algorithm for
the Gaussian mixture model and principal component analysis. We demonstrate the
superiority of FiFo by using a real-world dataset. Through intensive and
comprehensive simulations, we show that the proposed FiFo method outperforms
benchmark algorithms in terms of the forwarding efficiency.Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables; to appear in the IEEE Internet of
Things Journal (Please cite our journal version that will appear in an
upcoming issue.
An efficient downlink beamforming scheme for FDD/SDMA systems
Without channel information of the downlink, the base
station can generate downlink beam pattern using the
weight vector used for the uplink. In the frequency division
duplex system, however, it may result in significant
performance degradation due to the carrier frequency
offset between the uplink and downlink. To resolve this
problem, we propose an efficient downlink beamforming
algorithm based on a least square method with constraints.
We also consider the control of null depth to obtain a
desired signal to interference power ratio. Simulation
results show that the proposed scheme can sufficiently
reduce the interference from other users, improving the
BER performance in the downlink
Materialization of single multicomposite nanowire: entrapment of ZnO nanoparticles in polyaniline nanowire
We present materialization of single multicomposite nanowire (SMNW)-entrapped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) via an electrochemical growth method, which is a newly developed fabrication method to grow a single nanowire between a pair of pre-patterned electrodes. Entrapment of ZnO NPs was controlled via different conditions of SMNW fabrication such as an applied potential and mixture ratio of NPs and aniline solution. The controlled concentration of ZnO NP results in changes in the physical properties of the SMNWs, as shown in transmission electron microscopy images. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity and elasticity of SMNWs show improvement over those of pure polyaniline nanowire. The new nano-multicomposite material showed synergistic effects on mechanical and electrical properties, with logarithmical change and saturation increasing ZnO NP concentration
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