Dynamics of Industrial Buyer Behavior of Loader Backhoe

ABSTRACT: To investigate how the buying behavior of firms work is always needed, since it is an every changing process influenced by many forces in its surroundings. Industrial firms tend to have a smaller number of customers which means that they are easier to identify than customers in consumer markets. Effective marketing strategy relies on understanding consumers and their needs. This understanding must include the industrial buyer if industrial marketing efforts are to be well planned and executed. This study is focused on understanding the buyer behavior of loader backhoe equipment's among Indian consumers. Primary data was collected from 387 buyers with the help of self-administered questionnaires. The hypotheses are tested with the help of chi-square, regression and ANOVA. From the data analysis it is concluded that the brand selection by the buyers of loader backhoe will influenced by brand awareness, past experience, Reliability, Resale value, Productivity, Service parts and network and less downtime. On considering the various brands JCB has good mind share and market share on loader backhoe equipment's

Design and Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Controller for Online Computer Controlled Steering System for Navigation of a Teleoperated Agricultural Vehicle

This paper describes design, modeling, simulation, control, and implementation of teleoperated agricultural vehicle using intelligent technique. This vehicle can be used for ploughing, sowing, and soil moisture sensing. Online computer controlled steering system for a vehicle utilizing two independent drive wheels can be used to avoid obstacles and to improve the ability to resist external side forces. To control the steer angles of the nondriven wheels, the mathematical relationships between the drive wheel speeds and the steer angles of the nondriven wheels are used. A fuzzy logic controller is designed to change the drive wheel speeds and to achieve the desired steer angles. Online control of the agricultural vehicle is achieved from a remote place by means of Web Publishing Tool in LabVIEW. IR sensors in the vehicle are used to detect and to avoid the obstacles around. The developed steering angle control algorithm and fuzzy logic controller have been implemented in an agricultural vehicle which depicts that the vehicle performs its operation efficiently and reduces the manpower and becomes advantageous

Construction of Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon Architectures for Energy and Sensing Applications

In this chapter, we have concentrated on the main electrocatalytic oxygen processes, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and water splitting oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and biosensors based on porous carbon architectures, which are more important areas of research because of the rise in demand for energy management, supply, and disease diagnosis. Heteroatom-doped carbon hollow spheres are very useful because they have a large surface area, mesoporosity, spherical wall thicknesses, edge plane defect sites, catalytic active sites, and fast heterogeneous electron-transfer rates. These properties are very important for making commercial devices. This chapter provides an overview of hollow carbon nanospheres that are doped with single and double heteroatoms, as well as cobalt oxide. These carbon compounds function as dual catalysts for OER and ORR, as well as an effective electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction process in both acidic and alkaline media. Electrocatalytically, heteroatom-doped carbon sphere-modified electrodes can simultaneously and specifically identify and determine the analytes, while also validating the target species in real samples. N-doped hollow carbon spheres coated-Co3O4 functioned as an efficient dual-function oxygen electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction processes and also as a biosensor for highly effective electrochemical sensing of acetaminophen. A symmetric supercapacitor using dual heteroatom-doped and SBA-15 templated porous carbon was also discussed

Učinkovitost biljnog pripravka protiv cekalne kokcidioze u tovnih pilića

The anticoccidial efficacy of a herbal complex consisting of Solanum nigram (35%), Aloe vera (15%), Moringa indica (35%) and Mentha arvensis (15%) was tested against Eimeria tenella infection in broilers. Thirty day old broiler chicks were divided into 5 experimental groups, each group having 6 chicks, and were maintained on an anticoccidial free diet. Groups A, B, C and D were challenged with 30,000 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella at day 28 of age, while group E served as the uninfected unmedicated control. After 3 days of challenge infection, the birds belonging to groups A and B were treated with herbal complex at the dose rate of 5 and 10% for 7 days continuously. Group C was fed with Salinomycin mixed feed for the same period. In the treatment groups, the birds that received 10% (group B) herbal complex showed better body mass gain between the 4th and 5th weeks (344.34 ± 59.81gm), superior feed conversion ratio (1.77 ± 0.43) and moderate caecal length (11.5 ± 1.19 cm). However, there was no significant difference in the oocyst output between all the treated and control groups. The body mass gain, FCR and caecal length of the uninfected unmedicated group were 461.86 ± 87.03, 1.70 ± 0.46 and 16.9 ± 1.2 cm respectively. Mortality of birds was recorded in groups A and D only.Protukokcidijska učinkovitost biljnoga pripravka sastavljenoga od biljaka Solanum nigram 35%, Aloe vera 15%, Moringa indica 35% i Mentha arvensis 15% istražena je na tovnim pilićima invadiranima kokcidijom Eimeria tenella. Trideset jednodnevnih pilića bilo je podijeljeno u pet pokusnih skupina. U svakoj skupini bilo je šest pilića, koji su do pokusa bili hranjeni krmivom bez protukokcidijskih sredstava. Pilići skupina A, B, C i D bili su u dobi od 28 dana invadirani s 30 000 sporuliranih oocisti E. tenella. Pilići skupine E bili su neinvadirana i neliječena kontrola. Trećega dana nakon izazivačke invazije, pilićima skupina A i B primijenjen je biljni pripravak u količini od 5 do 10% tijekom sedam dana. Skupina C bila je istodobno hranjena krmivom s primiješanim salinomicinom. U pilića skupine B koji su u hrani dobivali 10%-tni biljni pripravak ustanovljen je bolji prirast u razdoblju od 4. do 5. tjedna (344,34 ± 59,81 g), veća iskoristivost hrane (1,77 ± 0,43 g) i srednja dužina slijepog crijeva 11,5 ± 11,9 cm. Nije ustanovljena značajna razlika u broju oocisti između obrađivanih skupina i kontrolne skupine. U neinvadirane i neliječene skupine prirast je iznosio 461,86 ± 87,03, FCR 1,70 ± 0,46, dok je dužina slijepog crijeva iznosila 16,9 ± 1,2 cm. Uginuća su zabilježena samo u skupini A i D

Development of strategies to support home-based exercise adherence after stroke: a Delphi consensus

Objective To develop a set of strategies to enhance adherence to home-based exercises after stroke, and an overarching framework to classify these strategies. Method We conducted a four-round Delphi consensus (two online surveys, followed by a focus group then a consensus round). The Delphi panel consisted of 13 experts from physiotherapy, occupational therapy, clinical psychology, behaviour science and community medicine. The experts were from India, Australia and UK. Results In round 1, a 10-item survey using open-ended questions was emailed to panel members and 75 strategies were generated. Of these, 25 strategies were included in round 2 for further consideration. A total of 64 strategies were finally included in the subsequent rounds. In round 3, the strategies were categorised into nine domains - (1) patient education on stroke and recovery, (2) method of exercise prescription, (3) feedback and supervision, (4) cognitive remediation, (5) involvement of family members, (6) involvement of society, (7) promoting self-efficacy, (8) motivational strategies and (9) reminder strategies. The consensus from 12 experts (93%) led to the development of the framework in round 4. Conclusion We developed a framework of comprehensive strategies to assist clinicians in supporting exercise adherence among stroke survivors. It provides practical methods that can be deployed in both research and clinical practices. Future studies should explore stakeholders' experiences and the cost-effectiveness of implementing these strategies

Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

Background: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with poor patient outcomes. We studied the effectiveness of a national quality improvement (QI) programme to implement a care pathway to improve survival for these patients. Methods: We did a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial of patients aged 40 years or older undergoing emergency open major abdominal surgery. Eligible UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals (those that had an emergency general surgical service, a substantial volume of emergency abdominal surgery cases, and contributed data to the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit) were organised into 15 geographical clusters and commenced the QI programme in a random order, based on a computer-generated random sequence, over an 85-week period with one geographical cluster commencing the intervention every 5 weeks from the second to the 16th time period. Patients were masked to the study group, but it was not possible to mask hospital staff or investigators. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 90 days of surgery. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN80682973. Findings: Treatment took place between March 3, 2014, and Oct 19, 2015. 22 754 patients were assessed for elegibility. Of 15 873 eligible patients from 93 NHS hospitals, primary outcome data were analysed for 8482 patients in the usual care group and 7374 in the QI group. Eight patients in the usual care group and nine patients in the QI group were not included in the analysis because of missing primary outcome data. The primary outcome of 90-day mortality occurred in 1210 (16%) patients in the QI group compared with 1393 (16%) patients in the usual care group (HR 1·11, 0·96–1·28). Interpretation: No survival benefit was observed from this QI programme to implement a care pathway for patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Future QI programmes should ensure that teams have both the time and resources needed to improve patient care. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research Programme