Produksi Bawang Merah Akibat Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair Fermentasi Rumen Sapi

The effectiveness of Liquid Organic Fertilizer, Fermented from Cow's Rumen, effected to onion's Production. The objectives of this research were to determine: (1) an effectiveness of liquid organic fertilizer; (2) a dosage of liquid organic fertilizer; and (3) an efficiency of the application of liquid organic fertilizer fermented from cow rumen to increase onion's harvest. This research used a Randomized Group Design with Factorial Pattern using 2 factors. Firstly, a dosage of liquid organic fertilizer fermented from cow rumen (P) that is using some levels: 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 milliliter/liter clean water. Secondly, the way of fertilizer application (A): by showering to soil media, and by spraying to all of the onion leaves. Analyses of the onion components were made for onions diametric and the weight of dry and wet union. Analyses were made also for the fertilizer nutrition and for the nutrient-rich soil before and after onions were planted. All analyses were performed in duplicate and the data were calculated based on multivariate analyses and were continued to Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%.The result showed that liquid organic fertilizer fermented from cow's rumen increased onion productivities especially in onion weight (dry and wet matter) and onion diametric. The variation of liquid organic fertilizer dosages (8, 16, 24, and 32 milliliter/liter clean water) did not affect significantly to onion production. Moreover, fertilizer application by drenching to the soil more efficient than by spraying to the onion leaves

Minuman Probiotik Dari Beberapa Jenis Kulit Buah Pisang Dengan Variasi Inokulum Lactobacillus Casei

Probiotic beverages were made from banana peels that inoculated bacteri Lactobacillus casei. The aims of this research was to study effect of kind of banana peels and concentration of inculant on quality of beverage. This research used completely random design, with combination of two factors that were kinds of banana peels (keprok, susu and ambon) and concentration of inoculant (4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8% in milk media) in three times. Protein and calsium content were measured as well as acidity (pH). Sensoric method was used for determining organoleptic properties (flavour, color, texture, taste). Data was analyzed using ANOVA, followed LSD test in 0,05 level. Result showed probiotic beverage from”susu” peel that inoculated Lactobacillus casei concentration 8% (K2S5

Δ6 fatty acyl desaturase gene in a southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) cell line

Fish is the main source of ?-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5?-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:5?-3), which have positive effects on human health and can be beneficial in human diet context. Studies involving fatty acyl desaturase (Fads) and elongase of very long chain fatty acids (Elovl) enzymes that convert C18 PUFA to C20/22 LC-PUFA have been performed in some fish species. However, very little is known about LC-PUFA biosynthesis in tuna species. This study investigated the ?6 Fads gene performance in the SBT cell line. The ?6 Fads nucleotide sequences from various fish species were identified and retrieved to compare them with the SBT ?6 Fads nucleotide sequence. The ?6 Fads gene was performed using real time PCR (RT-PCR) and then was compared it with ?-actin gene performance as a reference housekeeping gene. By performing multiple sequence alignments and comparing the highly conserved regions among fish ?6 Fads sequences, the SBT ?6 Fads nucleotide sequence was determined to be ? 75% identical to the other fish ?6 Fads sequences. The results showed that when the SBT ?6 Fads and ?-actin cDNAs were performed in a standard PCR system and the products were analysed by electrophoresing them on a 2% (w/v) agarose gel, the target genes that were obtained were similar to the expected sizes. The observed band size for the ?6 Fads PCR product was 207 bp and for the ?-actin PCR product was 98 bp. The presence of the observed bands indicated that the primer pairs that were designed and used were successfully amplified the target genes. The results of this study might provide relevant information to support further investigating of the desaturase and elongase gene expression that might contribute to a better understanding of ?-3 LC-PUFA biosynthesis in fish. Key words: ?6 Fads gene, Southern Bluefin tuna, cell line, ?-3 LC-PUF

Positional Distribution of Fatty Acids in Processed Chinook Salmon Roe Lipids Determined by 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)

Recently, there has been great interest in the lipidomic of marine lipids and their potential health benefits. Processing of seafood products can potentially modify the characteristics and composition of lipids. The present study investigated the effect of processing methods (salting and fermentation) on the positional distribution of fatty acids of Chinook salmon roe using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The NMR analysis provided information on the carbonyl atom, double bond/olefinic, glycerol backbone, aliphatic group, and chain ending methyl group regions. The obtained data showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the main fatty acid esterified at the sn-2 position of the triacylglycerides (TAGs), while other fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and stearidonic acid (SDA), were randomly distributed or preferentially esterified at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. Fermentation of salmon roe was found to enrich the level of DHA at the sn-2 position of the TAG. The processing of roe by both salt drying and fermentation did not appear to affect the proportion of EPA at the sn-2 position. This present study demonstrated that fish roe processing can enhance the proportion of DHA at the sn-2 position and potentially improve its bioavailability