Histopathological Investigation of Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the Possible Role of Papillomavirus Infection

The histopathological subtyping and grading of oral squamous cell carcinoma are well established in human medicine, but there are currently no standard classification and grading schema used for oral squamous cell carcinoma in cats. In this study, it was aimed to investigate different subtypes and grades of feline oral squamous cell carcinoma and the possible role of the papillomavirus infection in the progression of this tumor by using the methods of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. Out of the 32 tissue samples, conventional (14/31; 43.75%), verrucous (8/32; 25%), papillary (5/32; 15.62%), acantholytic (3/32; 9.37%), and adenosquamous (2/32; 6.25%) subtypes of the tumor were determined in the affected cats. Grading of the tumor was performed according to Anneroth's and Bryne's systems and revealed that there was no relationship between histopathological subtypes and grades of the cases. Histopathologic findings suggestive of papillomavirus infection were determined not only in verrucous and papillary subtypes as seen in human medicine, but also in different other subtypes of the tumor. Moreover, immunopositivity for papillomavirus was obtained from the conventional, acantholytic, and adenosquamous subtypes of the tumor. In conclusion, the relationship between grading and subtypes of oral squamous cell carcinoma observed in this study showed differences in comparison with the human counterparts. The effect of papillomavirus infection in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma remained uncertain

Hermaphroditism in two dogs – pathological and cytogenetic studies: a case report

A Pit-bull and a Beagle, both one-year-old, with complaints of an enlarged clitoris were clinically suspected for hermaphroditism. The enlarged clitoris, the uteri and the gonads were removed surgically from each animal and submitted to our department for histopathological evaluation. Tissue samples were fixed with 10% buffered formalin solution and processed routinely, after which paraffin sections were obtained and stained with H&E. A blood sample was taken from the Beagle dog and a peripheral lymphocyte culture was prepared. While the clitoris and uteri were confirmed histopathologically, the gonads were detected as a testis instead of an ovary for both dogs. Additionally, cytogenetic evaluation revealed a normal female chromosome complement, 78, XX for the Beagle dog. According to the gonadal and phenotypic sexes, both cases were first determined as 'male pseudohermaphroditism', a phenotypic sex disorder. However, after karyotyping analysis, we concluded that the 78, XX Beagle dog should be defined as suffering from XX sex reversal syndrome, a gonadal sex disorder

Hermaphroditism in two dogs - pathological and cytogenetic studies: a case report

A Pit-bull and a Beagle, both one-year-old, with complaints of an enlarged clitoris were clinically suspected for hermaphroditism. The enlarged clitoris, the uteri and the gonads were removed surgically from each animal and submitted to our department for histopathological evaluation. Tissue samples were fixed with 10% buffered formalin solution and processed routinely, after which paraffin sections were obtained and stained with H&E. A blood sample was taken from the Beagle dog and a peripheral lymphocyte culture was prepared. While the clitoris and uteri were confirmed histopathologically, the gonads were detected as a testis instead of an ovary for both dogs. Additionally, cytogenetic evaluation revealed a normal female chromosome complement, 78, XX for the Beagle dog. According to the gonadal and phenotypic sexes, both cases were first determined as 'male pseudohermaphroditism', a phenotypic sex disorder. However, after karyotyping analysis, we concluded that the 78, XX Beagle dog should be defined as suffering from XX sex reversal syndrome, a gonadal sex disorder

Endometrial adenocarcinoma in two young queens

Endometrial adenocarcinoma is described in two young intact female Persian cats presented with haemorrhagic vaginal discharge. The discharge had been present for 3 and 15days in each case, respectively. On the basis of signalment, history, clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings a tentative diagnosis of pyometra was made in each cat and ovariohysterectomy was subsequently performed. Histological examination revealed endometrial adenocarcinoma in both cats together with ovarian luteal cysts and pyometra in one case. Immunohistochemistry revealed a diffuse and strongly positive reaction for oestrogen receptors in the nuclei of glandular epithelium in well-differentiated areas of the neoplastic tissue. Poorly differentiated areas of solid growth pattern had weak and focal expression of oestrogen receptors. Furthermore, the neoplastic cells within these areas displayed moderate to strong diffuse nuclear staining with Ki-67 antibody suggestive of a high proliferative capacity. The owners reported that the cats were clinically healthy 23 and 21months after the surgery. These cases highlight the importance of histological examination of surgically resected tissue even when clinical signs and laboratory findings suggest pyometra