The Anticancer Activity of Cetraria Islandica (L.) Ach in Breast Cancer Cells Through Crosstalk of Ampk-α1 and Erk1/2 Signalling

In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the anticancer activities of Cetraria islandica (C.islandica) extracts on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Cell viability, protein levels, apoptotic cells number, F-actin distribution were measured. Cell viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was found to be reduced in a dose-dependent manner.EC50 values of C.islandica on MCF-7 cells were found to be 9.2047 E-5 g/ml (cell amount) by using intelligence system. Expressions of p53, caspase 3 and Bcl-2, were shown to be elevated after low doses of extract and diminished after high dose treatments. PPAR- protein level was decreased, although AMP-activated kinases-α1 (AMPK-α1) protein level was increasedin its extract groups. ERK1/2 protein level was also elevated in its extract groups. 125 mg/ml of extract treated cells show a low decrease in actin filament density. MCF-7 cells with C.islandica treatment for 24 h increased the apoptotic cell percentage, though the cells-treated with C.islandica for 48 was high necrotic cells percentage. Consequently, the C.islandica extract treatment causes to elevate ERK1/2 and AMPK-α1 protein levels, resulting in PPAR- and then triggers the apoptosis by modulation caspase-3 and P53 protein levels. Therefore, C.islandica might be a good candidate for anticancer tissue, especially soft tissue tumours

Challenge of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in embryonic development and tissue regeneration in adult life owing to their high competency and self-renewal features. MSCs represent an important stem cell population with multipotent capabilities that may have high utility for translational clinical applications. MSCs can differentiate into a variety of cell types, especially fascia originated cells, and provide soluble factors for regeneration of tissues and organs. In in vitro environments, stem cells are capable of reproducing while preserving their properties; therefore, assuming stem cells could be reproduced in sufficient quantity, they would be appropriate for genetic operations. Stem cells can be used in tissue engineering, preventing rejection of bone marrow/stem cell grafts by supporting hematopoiesis and recovery of autoimmune diseases, and cell therapy through their immunosuppressive properties. Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential capability to renew deformed organs and assist in tissue repair. In the field of wound healing, use of BM-MSCs is effective through modulating inflammation, extracellular matrix production, migration of keratinocytes, and angiogenesis for cell therapies. A significant complication of diabetes is diabetic foot ulcers, which affect quality of life and threaten life. In this article, we review recent studies with favorable results related to MSCs, which have become an important area of study in terms of tissue regeneration and regenerative medicine with diabetic foot ulcers

Effect of intra-abdominally administered mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) in experimental peritonitis

OBJECTIVE: In this study,the effect of mesalazine was studied on TNF alpha IL-1 beta, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and inflammatory changes in rat lungs with experimental peritoniqs

Nicotine reduces effectiveness of doxorubicin chemotherapy and promotes CD44<sup>+</sup>CD24<sup>-</sup> cancer stem cells in MCF-7 cell populations.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in females and the second most common cause of cancer mortality after lung cancer. Cancer stem cells represent a novel approach to target cancer and reduce cancer recurrence and metastasis. Many patients with breast cancer continue to smoke after receiving their diagnosis. Nicotine is a key factor in tobacco addiction and also changes some cellular functions, such as activation of mitogenic pathways, angiogenesis and cell proliferation. In the present study, the impact of nicotine was assessed in a population of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cluster of differentiation (CD)44(+)CD24(-) cancer stem cell population of MCF-7 cells were evaluated using flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. Chemoresistance effects of nicotine were demonstrated in these cells. These findings demonstrated harmful effects of nicotine following metastasis of cancer, owing to the chemoresistance produced through uninterrupted smoking, which may impact the effectiveness of treatment

iCELLigence real-time cell analysis system for examining the cytotoxicity of drugs to cancer cell lines.

The recently developed iCELLigence (TM) real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) can be used for the label-free real-time monitoring of cancer cell proliferation, viability, invasion and cytotoxicity. The RTCA system uses 16-well microtiter plates with a gold microelectrode biosensor array that measures impedance when cells adhere to the microelectrodes causing an alternating current. By measuring the electric field generated in this process, the RTCA system can be used for the analysis of cell proliferation, viability, morphology and migration. The present review aimed to summarize the working method of the RTCA system, in addition to discussing the research performed using the system for various applications, including cancer drug discovery via measuring cytotoxicity

Anticancer, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Chloroform Extracts from Some Centaurea Species

The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activities of five chloroform extracts prepared from the aerial parts of Centeura kilaea Boiss. (CKC), C. cuneifolia Sm. (CCC), C. salicifolia M.Bieb. ex Willd. (CSAC), C. stenolepis Kerner (CSC1 and CSC2) against hepatocellular cancer HepG2 cell line. At the same time, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were examined. Anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities of extracts were carried out by MTT, lipoxygenase, DPPH-ABTS methods, respectively. CCC, CSAC and CKC have the highest anticancer activity when compared to other extracts. Similarly, CSAC and CCC had the best antioxidant capacity, while CSAC and CKC showed strong anti-lipoxygenase activity. Among all the tested extracts, the highest amounts of total phenolic were found in the CSAC. The study revealed that CSAC and CCC displays remarkable antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity