33 research outputs found

    Epilespie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent au Senegal

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    Introduction L’épilepsie constitue un problĂšme de santĂ© publique au SĂ©nĂ©gal avec une prĂ©valence de 8,3 Ă  14/1000. Elle concerne principalement les enfants. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier les aspects biographiques, phĂ©notypiques et Ă©volutifs de la maladie Ă©pileptique dans une cohorte d’enfants au SĂ©nĂ©gal.MĂ©thodologie Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective de dossiers d’enfants Ă©pileptiques suivis rĂ©guliĂšrement au CHU de FANN et Ă  l’HĂŽpital d’Enfants Albert Royer, de Juillet 2003 Ă  dĂ©cembre 2010. Les critĂšres d’inclusion Ă©taient: épileptiques ĂągĂ©s de moins de 18 ans, rĂ©guliĂšrement suivis depuis au moins 3 ans, ayant un traitement adaptĂ©, Ă  dose efficace, avec une bonne observance thĂ©rapeutique.RĂ©sultats Nous avons colligĂ© 522 enfants, ĂągĂ©s de 3 mois Ă  16 ans, avec un sex-ratio de 1,7 en faveur des garçons. L’épilepsie Ă©tait idiopathique chez 57% des enfants et non idiopathique chez 43% des patients. Les facteurs étiologiques Ă©taient dominĂ©s par la consanguinitĂ© parentale, les anomalies de la grossesse et de l’accouchement, les infections du systĂšme nerveux central. Dans le groupe des Ă©pilepsies idiopathiques la consanguinitĂ© parentale et l’épilepsie familiale Ă©taient retrouvĂ©es respectivement chez 64 enfants (21,62%) et 20 enfants (6,75%). Neuf enfants (3%) prĂ©sentaient un trouble du langage isolĂ©, alors qu’un seul enfant (0,33%) avait un dĂ©ficit cognitif global. Dans le groupe des Ă©pilepsies non idiopathiques, les signes associĂ©s à l’épilepsie Ă©taient les troubles du langage (15,70%), du comportement (15%) et des dĂ©ficits moteurs (10,32%). 22,41% des enfants scolarisĂ©s avaient des difficultĂ©s d’apprentissage menant parfois Ă  des redoublements scolaires ou une exclusion.Conclusion La classification syndromique Ă  l’épilepsie est nĂ©cessaire pour une bonne prĂ©vision pronostique et thĂ©rapeutique. Le caractĂšre idiopathique ou non en est pour une grande place, corrĂ©lĂ© le plus souvent Ă  une épilepsie familial ou une consanguinitĂ© ou affection pĂ©rinatal ou infectieuse du systĂšme nerveux central.Mots clĂ©s : Epilepsie, syndrome Ă©pileptique, SĂ©nĂ©gal

    Analysis of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052's transcriptional response to ferulic acid and its application to enhance the strain tolerance

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    Background: Plant-based cellulose presents the best source of renewable sugars for biofuel production. However, the lignin associated with plant cellulose presents a hurdle as hydrolysis of this component leads to the production of inhibitory compounds, such as ferulic acid. Results: The impacts of ferulic acid, a phenolic compound commonly found in lignin hydrolysates, on the growth, solvent production, and transcriptional responses of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 were determined. Addition of ferulic acid to growing cultures resulted in a decrease in the growth and solvent production by 30% and 25%, respectively, when compared to the control cultures. To better understand the toxicity of this compound, microarray analyses were performed using samples taken from these cultures at three different growth states. Several gene ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified showing significant change at each status, including ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, two component system, and oxidoreductase activity. Moreover, genes related with efflux systems and heat shock proteins were also strongly up-regulated. Among these, expression of the groESL operon was induced by more than fourfold and was consequently selected to improve C. beijerinckii tolerance to ferulic acid. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis confirmed that C. beijerinckii harboring the plasmid, pSAAT-ptb_Gro, had a two-to fivefold increased groESL operon expression during growth of these cultures. Moreover, this strain was more tolerant to ferulic acid as the growth of this recombinant strain and its bioconversion of glucose into solvents were both improved. Conclusions: Using transcriptomics, we identified numerous genes that are differentially expressed when C. beijerinckii cultures were exposed to ferulic acid for varying amounts of time. The operon expressing groESL was consistently up-regulated, suggesting that this gene cluster may contribute to strain tolerance. This was confirmed as recombinant cultures showed both an enhanced growth and solvent yield in the presence of 0.5 g/L ferulic acidopen00

    In vitro and in vivo anticancer properties of a Calcarea carbonica derivative complex (M8) treatment in a murine melanoma model

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and the most rapidly expanding cancer in terms of worldwide incidence. Chemotherapeutic approaches to treat melanoma have had only marginal success. Previous studies in mice demonstrated that a high diluted complex derived from <it>Calcarea carbonica </it>(M8) stimulated the tumoricidal response of activated lymphocytes against B16F10 melanoma cells <it>in vitro</it>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Here we describe the <it>in vitro </it>inhibition of invasion and the <it>in vivo </it>anti-metastatic potential after M8 treatment by inhalation in the B16F10 lung metastasis model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that M8 has at least two functions, acting as both an inhibitor of cancer cell adhesion and invasion and as a perlecan expression antagonist, which are strongly correlated with several metastatic, angiogenic and invasive factors in melanoma tumors.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The findings suggest that this medication is a promising non-toxic therapy candidate by improving the immune response against tumor cells or even induce direct dormancy in malignancies.</p

    Atherosclerosis and Alzheimer - diseases with a common cause? Inflammation, oxysterols, vasculature

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