5 research outputs found
Artificial intelligence approaches for materials-by-design of energetic materials: state-of-the-art, challenges, and future directions
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly emerging as an enabling tool for
solving various complex materials design problems. This paper aims to review
recent advances in AI-driven materials-by-design and their applications to
energetic materials (EM). Trained with data from numerical simulations and/or
physical experiments, AI models can assimilate trends and patterns within the
design parameter space, identify optimal material designs (micro-morphologies,
combinations of materials in composites, etc.), and point to designs with
superior/targeted property and performance metrics. We review approaches
focusing on such capabilities with respect to the three main stages of
materials-by-design, namely representation learning of microstructure
morphology (i.e., shape descriptors), structure-property-performance (S-P-P)
linkage estimation, and optimization/design exploration. We provide a
perspective view of these methods in terms of their potential, practicality,
and efficacy towards the realization of materials-by-design. Specifically,
methods in the literature are evaluated in terms of their capacity to learn
from a small/limited number of data, computational complexity,
generalizability/scalability to other material species and operating
conditions, interpretability of the model predictions, and the burden of
supervision/data annotation. Finally, we suggest a few promising future
research directions for EM materials-by-design, such as meta-learning, active
learning, Bayesian learning, and semi-/weakly-supervised learning, to bridge
the gap between machine learning research and EM research
Atomistics-consistent continuum models and pore-collapse-generated hotspot temperatures in energetic crystals I: beta-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (beta-HMX)
Hotspot formation due to pore collapse is a key mechanism for initiating detonation of shocked energetic materials. Energy localization at and around the pore collapse site leads to high-temperature hotspots, initiating chemical reactions. Because chemical reaction rates depend sensitively on temperature, predictive continuum models need to get the pore-collapse dynamics and resulting hotspot temperatures right; this imposes stringent demands on the fidelity of thermophysical model forms and parameters, and on the numerical methods employed to perform high-resolution meso-scale calculations. Here, continuum material models for beta-HMX are examined in the context of nanoscale shock-induced pore collapse, treating predictions from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as ground truth. Using MD-consistent material properties, we show that the currently available strength models for HMX fail to correctly capture pore collapse and hotspot temperatures. Insights from MD are then employed to advance a Modified Johnson-Cook (M-JC) strength model form that captures aspects of shear strain and strain-rate dependency not represented by the standard JC form, but which are shown to be critical for accurately describing the nanoscale physics of shock-induced localization in HMX. The study culminates in a fully MD-determined strength model for beta-HMX that produces continuum pore-collapse results well aligned in all aspects with those predicted by MD, including pore-collapse mechanism and rate, shear-band formation in the collapse zone, and temperature, strain, and stress fields in the hotspot zone and surrounding material. The resulting MD-informed/MD-determined M-JC model should improve the fidelity of simulations to predict the detonation initiation of HMX-based energetic materials in microstructure-aware multi-scale frameworks