Diptera species recorded for the first time in Slovakia found along the Danube floodplain

Four species of Diptera are recorded as new for the fauna of Slovakia: Acrocera orbiculus (Fabricius, 1787) (Acroceridae), Conops insignis Loew, 1848 (Conopidae), Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Stratiomyidae), and Tolmerus cowini (Hobby, 1946) (Asilidae). The specimens were collected by means of Malaise trap, yellow pan trap, and sweep nets, in the years 2019–2022. Our findings highlight the value of the Danube floodplain from a conservation point of view. The appearance of H. illucens in Bratislava fits well with what is known about this synanthropic species

Two species of Sapromyza new to Slovakia with note on S. zetterstedti Hendel 1908 / Dva nové druhy rodu Sapromyza pre Slovensko s poznámkou k druhu S. zetterstedti Hendel 1908

Druhy Sapromyza viciespunctata Czerny 1932 a S. bisigillata Rondani 1868 sú uvedené ako nové pre faunu Slovenska

Molecular phylogeny of lauxaniid flies (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) confirms non-monophyly of Sapromyza Fallén 1810

Lauxaniids are a species rich group of acalyptrate flies, with most species known from the tropics. Several genera are in suspicion of non-monophyly, but no phylogenetic analysis has been carried out. Three markers (28S rRNA, 16S rRNA and EF 1-α) were employed to analyze relationships of 66 European lauxaniids, including 9 sequences from GenBank. The data was analysed using the Bayesian and maximum parsimony approach. Genus Sapromyza appears in three distinct clades, confirming the expected non-monophyly. New combinations are proposed for the following species: Homoneura muscaria, comb. n., Paralauxania albiceps comb. n., Nannomyza basalis comb. n., Nannomyza takagii comb. n. Along with the analysis, Sapromyza slovaca sp. n. is described. The type material has been deposited in the Institute of zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences.</jats:p

Calliopum elisae

&lt;i&gt;Calliopum elisae&lt;/i&gt; &lt;p&gt;Egg. Length 0.68&ndash;0.72 mm. Chorion slightly differentiated in dorsal and ventral part. Dorsal side is perforated and with simple ridges, no folding of chorion occurs (Figs 38&ndash;40).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; First instar larva (Figs 49&ndash;50). Length 1.0&ndash; 1.86 mm. Length of cephaloskeleton 0.18&ndash;0.21 mm. Second larval instar (Figs 63, 64). Length 1.80&ndash;3.50 mm. Length of cephaloskeleton 0.30&ndash;0.36 mm. Third larval instar (Figs 77, 90&ndash;95). Length 3.46&ndash;4.83 mm. Anterior spiracle with 9 papillae (Fig. 78). Integument of abdominal segments and anal division completely villous, even from ventral side. Length of cephaloskeleton 0.55&ndash;0.59 mm. Position of mouth hooks approximate to &lt;i&gt;L. cylindricornis&lt;/i&gt; (tips of mouth hook slightly diverge). No puparium was acquired.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Semelbauer, Marek &amp; Kozánek, Milan, 2012, Morphology of preimaginal stages of Lauxania and Calliopum (Diptera: Lauxaniidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3346&lt;/i&gt; on page 24, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/214261"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.214261&lt;/a&gt

Calliopum aeneum

&lt;i&gt;Calliopum aeneum&lt;/i&gt; &lt;p&gt;Egg. Length 0.66&ndash;0.72 mm. Relatively thin. Ventral part of egg with simple longitudinal ridges. Dorsal part with deep longitudinal channels (Figs 35&ndash;37).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;First larval instar. Length 0.97&ndash;1.96 mm (Figs 47, 48). Length of cephaloskeleton: 0.19&ndash;0.21 mm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Second larval instar (Figs 61, 62). Length 1.90&ndash;3.33 mm. First row of cirri coalescing towards the mouths. Length of cephaloskeleton: 0.32&ndash;0.36 mm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Third larval instar (Figs 83&ndash;89). Length 2.6&ndash;4.80 mm. Anterior spiracle with 7 papillae (Fig. 76). Dorsal side of abdominal segments completely villous. Ventral side with small smooth area surrounding the posterior creeping welts. Ventral posterior creeping welts partly spinous. Length of cephaloskeleton 0.54&ndash;0.61 mm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Puparium (Figs 118, 119). The only acquired puparium was 5.0 mm long. Processes of anal division markedly longer than in other species. Crevices create on dorsal surface small, medial ovals, as in &lt;i&gt;L. minor.&lt;/i&gt; Puparium markedly dorsoventrally flattened, but this may not be a stable character.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Semelbauer, Marek &amp; Kozánek, Milan, 2012, Morphology of preimaginal stages of Lauxania and Calliopum (Diptera: Lauxaniidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3346&lt;/i&gt; on page 24, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/214261"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.214261&lt;/a&gt

Calliopum splendidum

&lt;i&gt;Calliopum splendidum&lt;/i&gt; &lt;p&gt;Egg (Figs 41&ndash;43). Length 0.65&ndash;0.74 mm Chorion slightly differentiated in dorsal and ventral side. Dorsal side with more developed longitudinal ridges and regular longitudinal channels.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;First larval instar (Figs 51, 52, 55&ndash;60). Length 1.12&ndash;2.16 mm. Length of cephaloskeleton (Fig. 113) 0.21&ndash;0.22 mm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Second larval instar (Figs 65, 66, 69&ndash;74). Length 2.14&ndash;3.58 mm. Length of cephaloskeleton (Fig. 114) 0.37&ndash;0.39 mm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Third larval instar (Figs 79, 101&ndash;106). Length 3.53&ndash;4.30 mm. Anterior spiracles with 7 papillae, the two marginal papillae are curved back (Fig 80). Integument of abdominal segments and anal division villous, small smooth areas are retained behind dorsal tubercules in first four segments and partly between segment borders. Extensive smooth areas are on the ventral side behind anterior creeping welt. The only species of &lt;i&gt;Calliopum&lt;/i&gt; with comb spines on the posterior half of the first thoracic segment. Length of cephaloskeleton (Fig. 115) 0.61&ndash;0.63 mm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Puparium (Fig. 121). Length 3.61&ndash;3.89 mm. Indistinguishable from &lt;i&gt;C. simillimum&lt;/i&gt;. Smaller size can be result of unfavourable rearing conditions, as adult flies are comparably large to &lt;i&gt;C&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;simillimum&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Semelbauer, Marek &amp; Kozánek, Milan, 2012, Morphology of preimaginal stages of Lauxania and Calliopum (Diptera: Lauxaniidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3346&lt;/i&gt; on pages 24-25, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/214261"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.214261&lt;/a&gt

Lauxania minor

&lt;i&gt;Lauxania minor&lt;/i&gt; &lt;p&gt;Egg (Figs 2, 4). 0.59&ndash;0.65 mm. Dorsal side with straight, occasionally fusing ridges and perforated chorion. Ventral side with undulated and often fusing ridges, chorion covered by smooth layer.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;First larval instar. Length 0.67&ndash;1.51 mm. Six teeth on distal part of mouth hook (Fig 5). Length of cephaloskeleton: 0.17&ndash;0.24 mm (Fig. 109).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Second larval instar. Length 1.48&ndash;2.98 mm. No unique character was found. Length of cephaloskeleton: 0.28 &ndash;0.39 mm (Fig. 110).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Third larval instar. Length 2.91&ndash;4.44 mm. Posterior border of first thoracic segment with broad smooth area (Fig. 16), posterior border of second and third thoracic segment with sparse comb spines (Fig. 19). Anterior spiracles with 9 papillae, the upper-most papilla curved back (Fig 17).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Integument of abdominal segments with large smooth area behind anterior creeping welt on dorsal and ventral sides. Two tubercules located inside the dorsal smooth area. Two smaller tubercules more laterally, outside the dorsal smooth area (Fig 20).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Length of cepahlopharyngeal skeleton: 0.56&ndash;0.61 mm. Cepahlopharyngeal skeleton (Fig. 111) markedly compressed dorsoventrally (approximately 0, 11 mm high). Dorsoventral axis of mouth hooks almost parallel. Intermediate sclerite slightly bent from lateral view. Ventral cornua not pressed inward on dorsal margin between vertical plate and apodeme of ventral cornu.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Puparium (Fig. 115). Length 2.94&ndash;3.24 mm. From lateral view, the puparium is somewhat dropshaped, with the acute anterior end. Crevices create small medial ovals on dorsal side.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Semelbauer, Marek &amp; Kozánek, Milan, 2012, Morphology of preimaginal stages of Lauxania and Calliopum (Diptera: Lauxaniidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3346&lt;/i&gt; on page 23, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/214261"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.214261&lt;/a&gt

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&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The immatures of lauxaniid flies (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;and their taxonomical implications&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Semelbauer, Marek, Kozánek, Milan (2014): The immatures of lauxaniid flies (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) and their taxonomical implications. Zootaxa 3780 (3): 401-454, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3780.3.